Effect of Hypoxic Exposure on Blood Variables in Elite Wrestlers

Hypoxia Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Influence of Sports and Hypoxic Training on the Regeneration and Adaptation of Skeletal Muscles to Exercise in Wrestlers.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06373562
• Other study ID #: Wrestlers
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: December 2, 2013
• Est. completion date: December 18, 2013

Study information

• Verified date: April 2024
• Source: Poznan University of Physical Education
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Twelve male wrestlers of the National Polish Team were observed in the study during the camp. The hypoxia group (n=6) participated in sports training and hypoxic exposure, while the control group (n=6) included wrestlers participating only in sports training. The hypoxic group lived and slept in hypoxic rooms. During the camp, all wrestlers followed the same training schedule and diet. In the blood were determined levels of creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration, nitric oxide (NO), morphology, reticulocytes, lipid profile, and ferritin. Also vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3), erythropoietin (EPO), angiopoietin (Ang 1, Ang 2), endothelial cell adhesion factor-1 (VCAM-1), Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Body weight composition was determined.

Description:

Hypoxia exposure applied to professional athletes has attracted attention and scientific debate due to its effects on improving physiological response through cardiovascular and hematological mechanisms. Presently, hypoxic training programs are developed to improve exercise performance in athletes, a useful training method for athletes that may improve their performance in future sea-level competitions. 12 males were divided into the hypoxic (H) and control (C) groups. Group H was living and sleeping in hypoxic rooms (method live high-train low) for 8-14h/d (FiO2≈14%). The implementation of the project was intended to: 1) assess the dynamics of changes in the concentration of pro-inflammatory indicators and hematopoiesis in athletes to variable training loads and hypoxia, 2) explain the usefulness of hypoxic exposure in adaptation to physical exercise, 3) observe the length of the hypoxic cycle necessary to maintain the effect of high-altitude training. In the blood serum the level of basic biochemical indicators of fatigue related to muscle damage, inflammation, and energy deficit, i.e. total creatine kinase (CK) activity, C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration, nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, basic hematological indicators: morphology, reticulocytes, lipid profile, and ferritin. Also, angiogenesis regulators: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors (VEGFR2 and VEGFR3), erythropoietin (EPO), angiopoietin (Ang 1, Ang 2), endothelial cell adhesion factor-1 (VCAM-1), Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Body weight composition was determined using a body analyzer. Further investigations into hypoxia methods while considering individual capabilities are necessary for gaining deeper insights, into how hypoxia affects blood count and different blood variables among athletes.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 12
• Est. completion date: December 18, 2013
• Est. primary completion date: December 18, 2013
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Male
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• member of national wrestler's teams, and sports camp participant.

Exclusion Criteria:

• negative symptoms of hypoxia, and/or injury.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hypoxia

Intervention

Other:
• hypoxia
The athletes were living in hypoxic rooms, which could simulate a selected altitude above sea level.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Poznan University of Physical Education

References & Publications (4)

Czuba M, Fidos-Czuba O, Ploszczyca K, Zajac A, Langfort J. Comparison of the effect of intermittent hypoxic training vs. the live high, train low strategy on aerobic capacity and sports performance in cyclists in normoxia. Biol Sport. 2018 Mar;35(1):39-48. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.70750. Epub 2017 Oct 11. — View Citation

Kasperska A, Zembron-Lacny A. The effect of intermittent hypoxic exposure on erythropoietic response and hematological variables in elite athletes. Physiol Res. 2020 Apr 30;69(2):283-290. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934316. Epub 2020 Mar 23. — View Citation

Li J, Li Y, Atakan MM, Kuang J, Hu Y, Bishop DJ, Yan X. The Molecular Adaptive Responses of Skeletal Muscle to High-Intensity Exercise/Training and Hypoxia. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jul 24;9(8):656. doi: 10.3390/antiox9080656. — View Citation

Wilber RL. Application of altitude/hypoxic training by elite athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Sep;39(9):1610-24. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180de49e6. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	blood count	morphology	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Other	lipid profile	HDL, LDL, triglycerides	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Other	ferritin	ferritin	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	CK	creatine kinase	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	hsCRP	reactive C-protein	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	HIF-1	hypoxia-inducible factor 1	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	EPO	Erythropoietin	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	VEGF, VEGF 2, VEGF 3.	vascular endothelial growth factor	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	Ang 1, Ang 2	angiopoietin	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.
Primary	VCAM-1	endothelial cell adhesion factor-1	The blood was taken at the beginning of the camp (baseline), after 6 days, after 15 days.