Renal Protective Effect of ACEI and ARB in Primary Hyperoxaluria

Hyperoxaluria Clinical Trial

Official title:

Renal Protective Effect of ACEI and ARB in Primary Hyperoxaluria

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Withdrawn

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00280215
• Other study ID #: 2203-05
• Secondary ID: NIH grant # DK 7
• Status: Withdrawn
• Phase: Phase 3
• First received: January 19, 2006
• Last updated: April 6, 2015
• Start date: December 2007
• Est. completion date: December 2011

Study information

• Verified date: April 2015
• Source: Mayo Clinic
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Federal Government
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study will test the effectiveness of two medications: ACEI (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor)and ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker) in reducing the renal injury induced by hyperoxaluria in patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria.

Hypothesis: Calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the kidney causes inflammation and resulting injury to kidney tissue. Angiotensin blockade will improve these changes, thus slowing the progression of renal insufficiency in patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria.

Description:

In patients with primary hyperoxaluria (PH), deficiency of hepatic enzymes important in disposition of glyoxylate results in marked hyperoxaluria. Calcium oxalate crystals and high oxalate concentrations in the renal filtrate result in inflammation and injury in the renal parenchyma. Loss of renal function over time is characteristic, with end stage renal failure occurring in half the patients by age 35 years, but as early as infancy in some patients. Experience in animal models of hyperoxaluria, and from other renal diseases, supports a role for ACEI and ARB medications in ameliorating inflammation and injury thus providing a renal protective effect.

We propose to study the short-term effect of combined angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocking (ARB) therapy in patients with PH, in a controlled, randomized, two-year study. Primary endpoints will be urinary markers of renal tubular injury (retinol binding protein (RBP), alpha 1 microglobulin (α1m), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) and interstitial fibrosis (transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). Secondary endpoints will be the rates of change in renal tubular injury and renal function as determined by serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Withdrawn
• Enrollment: 0
• Est. completion date: December 2011
• Est. primary completion date: December 2011
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 10 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of PH established by liver enzyme analysis in the patient or an affected sibling, DNA testing for mutations of the AGXT and GR/HPR gene, or meeting clinical criteria (Urine oxalate > 70 mg/1.73 m2/day in the absence of malabsorption or dietary excess of oxalate. Elevated urine glycolate or glycerate provides supporting evidence of type I or type II PH, respectively).

2. Hyperoxaluria that persists during treatment with pyridoxine.

3. Ten years of age or older.

4. Glomerular filtration rate > 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 at the start of the study.

5. Women of child bearing age will be required to use adequate contraception for 3 months before and throughout the study.

6. Patients will be on a stable program of pyridoxine, neutral phosphate, or citrate medications -

Exclusion Criteria:

a. Age < 10 years. b. Glomerular filtration rate < 50 at start of study c. Hypersensitivity to ACEI or ARB medications d. Chronic use of ACEI or ARB medications prior to enrollment e. Hyperkalemia f. Previous renal transplant g. Homozygosity for the G170R mutation of AGXT h. Unwillingness to use adequate contraception during the study. i. Pregnancy

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Prevention

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hyperoxaluria
• Hyperoxaluria, Primary

Intervention

Drug:
• ACEI / Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
Patients will be randomized to a combination of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, Patients will be randomized to a combination of ARB(losartan 50 mg daily in adult patients, 0.7 mg/kg/day in patients < 40 kg) ACE-I (lisinopril 10 mg daily in adult patients, 0.15 mg/kg/day in pediatric patients < 40 kg) to be taken for 24 months.
• ARB /Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
Patients will be randomized to a combination of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker,Patients will be randomized to a combination of ARB(losartan 50 mg daily in adult patients, 0.7 mg/kg/day in patients < 40 kg) ACE-I (lisinopril 10 mg daily in adult patients, 0.15 mg/kg/day in pediatric patients < 40 kg) to be taken for 24 months.
• Placebo
Patients will receive placebo for 24 months

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Mayo Clinic	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

References & Publications (28)

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Border WA, Noble NA. Interactions of transforming growth factor-beta and angiotensin II in renal fibrosis. Hypertension. 1998 Jan;31(1 Pt 2):181-8. Review. — View Citation

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de Cavanagh EM, Fraga CG, Ferder L, Inserra F. Enalapril and captopril enhance antioxidant defenses in mouse tissues. Am J Physiol. 1997 Feb;272(2 Pt 2):R514-8. — View Citation

Fan J, Chandhoke PS. Examination of crystalluria in freshly voided urines of recurrent calcium stone formers and normal individuals using a new filter technique. J Urol. 1999 May;161(5):1685-8. — View Citation

Goumenos DS, Tsakas S, El Nahas AM, Alexandri S, Oldroyd S, Kalliakmani P, Vlachojannis JG. Transforming growth factor-beta(1) in the kidney and urine of patients with glomerular disease and proteinuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002 Dec;17(12):2145-52. — View Citation

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Kavanagh JP, Jones L, Rao PN. Calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics studied by oxalate-induced turbidity in fresh human urine and artificial urine. Clin Sci (Lond). 2000 Feb;98(2):151-8. — View Citation

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Lieske JC, Monico CG, Holmes WS, Bergstralh EJ, Slezak JM, Rohlinger AL, Olson JB, Milliner DS. International registry for primary hyperoxaluria. Am J Nephrol. 2005 May-Jun;25(3):290-6. Epub 2005 Jun 15. — View Citation

Milliner DS, Eickholt JT, Bergstralh EJ, Wilson DM, Smith LH. Results of long-term treatment with orthophosphate and pyridoxine in patients with primary hyperoxaluria. N Engl J Med. 1994 Dec 8;331(23):1553-8. — View Citation

Noda M, Matsuo T, Fukuda R, Ohta M, Nagano H, Shibouta Y, Naka T, Nishikawa K, Imura Y. Effect of candesartan cilexetil (TCV-116) in rats with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1999 Sep;56(3):898-909. — View Citation

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Sato M, Muragaki Y, Saika S, Roberts AB, Ooshima A. Targeted disruption of TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling protects against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Clin Invest. 2003 Nov;112(10):1486-94. — View Citation

Scaglione R, Argano C, Parrinello G, Colomba D, Di Chiara T, Ferrante A, Di Garbo V, Avellone G, Licata G. Relationship between transforming growth factor beta1 and progression of hypertensive renal disease. J Hum Hypertens. 2002 Sep;16(9):641-5. — View Citation

Taal MW, Brenner BM. Combination ACEI and ARB therapy: additional benefit in renoprotection? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2002 Jul;11(4):377-81. Review. — View Citation

Taal MW, Brenner BM. Renoprotective benefits of RAS inhibition: from ACEI to angiotensin II antagonists. Kidney Int. 2000 May;57(5):1803-17. Review. — View Citation

Toblli JE, Ferder L, Stella I, Angerosa M, Inserra F. Protective role of enalapril for chronic tubulointerstitial lesions of hyperoxaluria. J Urol. 2001 Jul;166(1):275-80. — View Citation

Toblli JE, Stella I, Angerosa M, Nyberg C, Ferder L, Inserra F: Transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF--b1) and collagen typ III in hyperoxaluric rats treated with enalapril. J Am Soc Nephrol 8:528A, 1997.

Toblli JE, Stella I, de Cavanagh E, Angerosa M, Inserra F, Ferder L. Enalapril prevents tubulointerstitial lesions by hyperoxaluria. Hypertension. 1999 Jan;33(1 Pt 2):225-31. — View Citation

Werness PG, Bergert JH, Smith LH: Crystalluria. J Crystal Growth 53:166-181, 1981

Werness PG, Brown CM, Smith LH, Finlayson B. EQUIL2: a BASIC computer program for the calculation of urinary saturation. J Urol. 1985 Dec;134(6):1242-4. — View Citation

Westhuyzen J, Endre ZH, Reece G, Reith DM, Saltissi D, Morgan TJ. Measurement of tubular enzymuria facilitates early detection of acute renal impairment in the intensive care unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Mar;18(3):543-51. — View Citation

Yu H, Yanagisawa Y, Forbes MA, Cooper EH, Crockson RA, MacLennan IC. Alpha-1-microglobulin: an indicator protein for renal tubular function. J Clin Pathol. 1983 Mar;36(3):253-9. — View Citation

* Note: There are 28 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Two-year change in the urinary markers of renal tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis		2 years	No
Secondary	Rate of change in 1. Renal tubular injury markers and 2. Renal function as determined by serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.		2 years	No

External Links

•   Mayo Clinic Hyperoxaluria Center home page
•   Mayo Clinic Hyperoxaluria Center-disease information page
•   The Oxalosis and Hyperoxaluria Foundation