View clinical trials related to Hypercapnia.
Filter by:The Autonomic (or "automatic") Nervous System (ANS) regulates internal processes, including control of heart rate and blood pressure (BP). When someone stands, and gravity tries to pull blood away from the brain, the ANS works to maintain BP and brain blood flow. Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension (NOH) occurs when our "fight-or-flight" part ("sympathetic") of the ANS fails. BP can drop a lot when upright, reducing blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, and this can cause symptoms of light-headedness, nausea, and fainting. One solution to help counter the effects of NOH may be to increase sympathetic activity by breathing higher levels of carbon dioxide. In healthy volunteers, small increases in the amount of inhaled carbon dioxide has been shown to increase BP in the upright position, and this improves symptoms! The objectives of the current study are to apply carbon dioxide in patients with NOH and healthy controls to: (a) evaluate the effects of breathing carbon dioxide on BP and brain blood flow, and (b) determine if a device that increases carbon dioxide while standing will work as a new therapy
For almost a century, many hypotheses have converged on the idea of altered chemosensitivity in patients suffering from hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). Given the evolution of current technical equipment and the ability to maximise true positives in HVS ( using the revised hyperventilation provocation test), it seems reasonable to investigate central and peripheral chemosensitivities in HVS subjects.
aim of this research is to evaluate the effects of FFP2/N95 masks on peripheral oxygen saturation and pulse rate in dental professionals
Chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF) in the context of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS) is associated with increased mortality. The availability and effectiveness of domiciliary Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) treatment (when indicated) is key as this treatment can improve quality of life and reduce health-care costs from associated burden of disease. The emerging obesity epidemic means that there is now increased home mechanical ventilation set-ups in patients with obesity related respiratory failure (ORRF), yet there are no alternative treatments for patients struggling with domiciliary NIV. Domiciliary NHF has been shown to improve health related quality of life in stable CHRF in patients with COPD and improve cost effectiveness yet there are no current studies looking at the use of domiciliary NHF and its outcomes in ORRF. The study aims to deliver a pre and post intervention study evaluating patient reported and clinical outcomes in patients using NHF over twelve weeks, who have either COPD or OHS and have been unable to use domiciliary NIV. The study wishes to address key outcomes such as quality of life, clinical effectiveness, compliance and acceptability with the use of domiciliary NHF in both of these patient populations.
The aim of this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial is to determine the effects of graded hypercapnia (0, 2, and 4% inspired CO2) on endurance performance. Twelve healthy and fit young adults (men and women) will complete this study. Participants will perform experimental trials on 3 separate days (one each breathing 0%, 2%, and 4% inspired CO2-all with normal 21% oxygen). During each trial, they will perform 10 minutes of submaximal treadmill walking exercise and then complete a self-paced 2-mile treadmill run time-trial.
In this 2-phase pilot study, the BiPAP A40 EFL will be evaluated in patients with severe COPD requiring home non-invasive ventilatory support with respect to patient-related and physiologic outcomes.
The high frequency of unplanned hospital visits of patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity-related hypoventilation) constitutes a major public health problem. Most patients admitted for acute exacerbations (AHRF) have additional comorbidities, especially sleep disorders. Often untreated, sleep disorders contribute to multiple readmissions (≈70% at one year) and increase readmission costs. The investigators will: 1) identify these patients early during unplanned hospital admissions and perform sleep studies using EEG and oximetry before hospital discharge and two months after to compare sleep abnormalities in the two moments; 2) investigate the association between sleep abnormalities in the two sleep studies with clinical outcomes (1-year readmission and death); 3) investigate the acute effects of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) to treat sleep abnormalities as a simplified alternative. The investigators anticipate sleep abnormalities during the hospital stay and two months after discharge will be associated with poor clinical outcomes (readmission, death) and HFNC to acutely reduce sleep abnormalities.
Domiciliary non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a standard care for improving survival rates of selected patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF) and to improve the patients' hypercapnia, sleep quality, health-related quality of life (QoL). Adherence is an important factor affecting clinical effectiveness of domiciliary NIV. Our previous study has noted the associations between poor domiciliary NIV adherence and increased number of clinical adverse events (p = 0.004) and increased hospitalization requiring acute NIV salvage (p = 0.042). However, there are very limited studies on adherence to domiciliary NIV in patients with CHRF. The only interventional study was a single-group pre-test post-test study and lack of a theoretical framework for guiding the intervention. This study is employing an Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) model-based intervention to improve inhalation adherence in a group of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.
1. To study the efficacy and safety of high flow nasal oxygenation using high velocity nasal insfflation technique(HiVNI) in comarison with non invasive positive pressure ventilation in COPD patients with acute hyercapnic respiratory failure 2. To do selection criteria for the indication of this new physiological technique in critically ill COPD patients
The aim of this study is to determine whether there are any changes in the carbon dioxide partial pressure in medical staff while wearing a filtering face piece (FFP) 2 or FFP3 mask. Furthermore, changes in the capillary oxygen partial pressure, the subjective respiratory effort and the breathing rate are measured.