View clinical trials related to Hypercalcemia.
Filter by:Long-term conventional treatment of chronic hypoparathyroidism does not fully restore calcium homeostasis leading to increased morbidity, emergency events and reduced subjective health status. To further investigate general morbidity, hypocalcemic events, subjective and daily life performance in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism a standardized interview as well as blood sampling and examinations such as echocardiography and renal ultrasound are performed.
The goal of this study is to assess whether using PTeye (AiBiomed, Santa Barbara, CA) - a NIRAF detection modality - can improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare associated costs after parathyroid surgeries. By being able to quickly and definitively locate parathyroid glands while in the operating room, the duration of surgical procedure could be further reduced. In addition, the number of frozen section biopsy and associated costs can be minimized. Furthermore, repeat surgeries as a result of missing a diseased parathyroid gland at the time of the initial parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism could potentially be avoided.
This study will see if the use of near infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) detection with an FDA-cleared device 'Parathyroid Eye (PTeye)' for identifying parathyroid glands (PGs) during parathyroidectomy (PTx) procedures is better than a surgeon's detection alone. It compares risk-benefits and outcomes in PTx patients where NIRAF detection with PTeye for parathyroid identification is either used or not used.
Today, there is an increased use of non-medical, invasive cosmetic treatments globally without sufficient awareness of possible health risks. A particular problem is young men injecting large amounts of paraffin oil into skeletal muscles especially on upper arms and chest to increase the visible size of the muscles. Several case reports have suggested that intramuscular injection of paraffin oil induces foreign body reaction and granuloma formation and subsequently hypercalcemia. Our hypothesis is that increased generation of activated vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) in the marcrophages may be responsible for the persistent hypercalcemia. Now trhe investigators want to include a large group of men who injected 100-10.000 ml paraffin oil to identify risk factors for developing hypercalcemia and try to understand the pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, granuloma tissue from selected patients will be cultured ex vivo to investigate whether they produce 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTHrP and to test which drugs can most effectively be used to lower calcium levels in these men. Subsequently, we will try to stratify the men according to the severity of the changes in calcium homeostasis as we suggest that this stratification will be the basis for future intervention trials
The aim of the study is to characterize paraffin oil induced granulomatous disease. We will investigate pathogenesis and natural history of paraffin disease. Subsequently, through further translational studies, we intend to identify novel treatments to be tested in future randomized clinical trials.
Patients with biochemically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism and non-localizing SPECT-CT exam within the past year will be included. Subjects will be treated with calcitonin to lower calcium levels immediately prior to reimaging. The goal of this study is to determine whether lowering calcium will improve uptake/retention of sestamibi and improve sensitivity of SPECT-CT to localize parathyroid adenoma.
Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia(IIH) is a rare,genetic disorder of mineral metabolism. Biallelic loss of functions mutations of CYP24A1, the gene encoding the 24-hydroxylase enzyme that represents the principal pathway for inactivation of vitamin D metabolites, cause the most common and severe form of IIH.Investigators have preliminary data supporting a novel therapeutic approach to suggest rifampin as an investigational drug to induce over-expression of CYP3A4, an important enzyme that provides an alternate catabolic pathway for inactivation of vitamin D metabolites. In this study, investigators will recruit 5 patients with biallelic inactivating mutations of CYP24A1. Participants will be followed prospectively for a total 6-11 months. This will include 2 months of observation, 2 months of receiving the starting dose of rifampin, followed by 2 month washout phase. Efficacy of the starting dose of rifampin will be determined prior to proceeding only in non responders to the escalation dose of rifampin 10mg/kg/day.
This study evaluates the efficacy of rifampin in the treatment of hypercalcemia and/or hypercalciuria in participants with at least one inactivating mutation of the CYP24A1 gene. Eligible subjects will receive rifampin for a total of 16 weeks during this study.
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease and heart failure, in part due to diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the association between intracellular lipid accumulation and (myocardial) functional impairment is likely more complex than originally imagined. Recent studies suggest that not fat per se, but the content of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids might predict the development of cardiac steatosis and myocardial dysfunction. In addition skeletal muscle and hepatic glycogen metabolism is impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus. Data from animal experiments suggest a relevant role of myocardial glycogen stores in ischemic preconditioning. Due to methodological limitations so far data on myocardial glycogen stores and myocardial lipid composition in humans are missing. Hypothesis: In addition to total ectopic lipid deposition in the myocardium, myocardial lipid composition, i.e. the relative abundance of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and impaired myocardial glycogen metabolism may play an important role in the development cardiac lipotoxicity leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Pancreatic endocrine function and myocardial morphology and function is altered in patients with heterozygote inactivating mutations of the CaSR-gene / FHH. Aims: - Metabolic virtual biopsy of the myocardium for identification of specific patterns of intracellular lipid composition and myocardial glycogen metabolism as possible critical determinants of metabolic cardiomyopathy - Characterization of the metabolic interplay between the myocardium, skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissues in different stages of development of type 2 diabetes compared to patients with calcium sensing receptor mutation Methods: - 1H/13C and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging for measurements of myocardial, skeletal and liver lipid and glycogen content, abdominal adipose tissue distribution and composition, ATP synthesis and myocardial functional parameters - Mixed meal tolerance tests to trace the postprandial partitioning of substrates between insulin sensitive tissues (myocardium, skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue). - Hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic glucose clamp (HHC) with enrichment of the infused glucose with the stable isotope [1-13C]glucose to trace the incorporation of circulating glucose into myocardial glycogen in healthy insulin sensitive volunteers, prediabetic insulin resistant volunteers with impaired glucose tolerance, healthy subjects, patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, patients suffering from type 1 diabetes and patients with heterozygote mutation in calcium sensing receptor.
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is one of the common endocrine disorders. The major clinical symptoms involve stones, bones, abdominal groans and psychiatric moans. Increased parathyroid cell proliferation and decreased calcium-mediated control of the PTH secretion are characteristic findings. The most common cause of PHPT is adenoma followed by hyperplasia and carcinoma.The molecular mechanisms involved in parathyroid tumorigenesis are partially known. Few genes have been identified and their roles are under study. The genes which are under study by different groups are unable to give a definite direction towards the understanding of parathyroid tumorigenesis and the mechanism involved in overgrowth of parathyroid tissue. So identifying different proteins and their regulation pattern from adenomas to carcinomas will be the initial steps towards understanding the proteins involved in tumorigenesis of parathyroid tissues. By using proteomics approach one can generate protein level information. In this study, using a combined approach based on 2 D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS), the investigators propose to study a comparative proteomics to examine the changes of protein profiles in parathyroid tumor tissues with normal and hyperplasic parathyroid tissues. This work plan will help us to understand differentially expressed proteins in patients with PHPT. This will help in understanding the disease and identifying better diagnostic and curative measures of the disease. The investigators are also planning to access nuclear morphometry changes in sporadic parathyroid tumors. It will help in establishing cellular and nuclear change pattern variations from normal to parathyroid tumors.