View clinical trials related to Human Microbiome.
Filter by:Isolation and characterization of fecal/oral/skin/nasal/throat microbial species from a diverse cohort of healthy adults.
The purpose of this study is to assess the use of oral Terminalia chebula fruit extract on the gut microbiome and skin biophysical properties. The fruit is commonly used for skin treatments in India. It is thought to have antioxidant properties, reduce inflammation and affect the microorganisms in the gut. The information the investigators will learn from this study may indicate how and if oral dosing can affect the skin and gut microbiome. This may lead to an improved understanding of the skin and determine whether these oral products are effective for improving the skin's appearance.
Pomegranate extract (Pomella) is well known for its antioxidant properties due to its phenolic compounds. It has also been shown to increase the amount of short chain fatty acid producing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria genera. Short chain fatty acids are thought to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the sebaceous glands. Previous studies have concluded that pomegranate extract may act as a prebiotic in the body and subsequently increasing the gastrointestinal microbial diversity and by producing short chain fatty acids that may have systemic beneficial effects especially on the skin. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess how Pomella alters the gut microbiome and the blood level of short chain fatty acids in healthy subjects.
This clinical trial is intended to evaluate the effect of change of bile acid pool with cholestyramine on the pharmacodynamics and safety of metformin and intestinal microbiome profiles in healthy volunteers
The investigators propose to study the microbiome of the nose, throat and three skin sites in a population without current exposure to the healthcare environment: 80 community dwelling adults. We will characterize the microbial communities in these body sites (nose, throat, perirectal and three skin sites) over time using culture-independent techniques. The investigators will then "decolonize" the subjects. Subjects will receive intranasal mupirocin and topical chlorhexidine. The investigators will then compare the microbial communities at baseline and after decolonization within individuals. Our overall hypothesis is that the microbial composition of these sites and the response to decolonization is influenced by the healthcare environment and that decolonization leads to re-colonization with an increasing proportion of Gram-negative bacilli.
The purpose of the research is to find out the effect of commonly used topical antibiotics on the bacteria that live in the nose, throat and on the skin of older adults. In addition, the investigators want to determine if these topical antibiotics affect how bacteria are spread in Community Living Centers of the VA Maryland Health Care System.
This clinical trial is intended to evaluate the effects of the changes in intestinal microbiome by antibiotics (PO vancomycin) on the pharmacokinetic /pharmacodynamic and safety profiles of metformin in healthy male volunteers.
Chewing gum containing xylitol may help prevent caries by reducing levels of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli in saliva and plaque. Very little is known about other species which are possibly beneficial to oral health. In this study, the investigators employed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene to profile microbial communities of saliva and plaque following short-term consumption of xylitol and sorbitol containing chewing gum. Participants (n = 30) underwent a washout period and were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Each group chewed either xylitol or sorbitol gum for 3 weeks, before undergoing a second four-week washout period after which they switched to the alternate gum for three weeks.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of replacing usual snacks with alternative snack foods on gut health in a population of habitual snackers with low fibre intake.
Background: In nursing homes, excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobials, adverse events caused by these drugs, and infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) are more frequent than in the general population, posing a serious Public Health risk. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) are a key strategy to improve the use of antibiotics and to fight against bacterial resistance. Its usefulness in hospitals has been demonstrated. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention urge the implementation ASP in nursing homes, with measures taken from the ASP in hospitals, but the available information is so limited that it does not allow specific recommendations to be made for these centers. Objectives: To know if an ASP with an individual intervention measure, the clinical assessments, is better to an ASP with general intervention measures, both designed specifically for nursing homes, and what is the clinical and ecological impact of both, on the baseline situation. Methods: a) Randomized clinical trial, in parallel groups, for comparison of both ASP. b) Quasi-Experimental study of timeseries for the evaluation of the clinical and ecological impact on the baseline situation. The following indicators will be analyzed: the use of antimicrobials in the centers; the intestinal microbiota diversity of nursing home residents, and the incidence of MDRB and Clostridium difficile infections; and the frequency of adverse events caused by antimicrobials and hospital admissions for infections. The study population will be 2.220 residents from 20 public nursing homes.