Hiv Clinical Trial
Official title:
A Randomized Trial of Tamoxifen Combined With Amphotericin B and Fluconazole for Cryptococcal Meningitis
NCT number | NCT03112031 |
Other study ID # | 28CN |
Secondary ID | |
Status | Completed |
Phase | Phase 2 |
First received | |
Last updated | |
Start date | October 10, 2017 |
Est. completion date | July 17, 2018 |
Verified date | November 2019 |
Source | Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
The purpose of this study is to develop initial efficacy, feasibility, and safety data regarding the use of Tamoxifen in combination with amphotericin B and fluconazole in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. The results of the study will inform the design and feasibility of a larger study powered to a survival endpoint. The study hypothesis is that adding tamoxifen to standard antifungal therapy increases the rate of clearance of yeast from cerebrospinal fluid. Increased rates of clearance of yeast from cerebrospinal fluid have previously been associated with improved clinical outcomes, including survival and disability.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 50 |
Est. completion date | July 17, 2018 |
Est. primary completion date | July 17, 2018 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | All |
Age group | 18 Years and older |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - Age = 18 years - Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) defined as a syndrome consistent with CM and one or more of: - positive CSF India ink (budding encapsulated yeasts), - C. neoformans cultured from CSF or blood, - positive cryptococcal antigen Lateral Flow Antigen Test (LFA) in CSF - Informed consent to participate given by patient or acceptable representative - Known HIV infection status, or patient agrees to HIV testing on this admission Exclusion Criteria: - Pregnancy or breast-feeding - History of thromboembolic disease such as pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis - On anti-coagulant medication - On medication known to prolong the QT interval other than fluconazole, such as fluoroquinolones or antidepressants. - Known cardiac conduction defect including long QT syndromes - QTc at baseline > 500ms - Currently receiving treatment for cryptococcal meningitis and having received > 4 days of anti-cryptococcal meningitis therapy - Known allergy to Tamoxifen - Currently or history of receiving treatment with Tamoxifen for breast cancer or other indication - Current or history of uterine cancer including endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma - Renal failure (defined as creatinine >3*ULN (upper limit of normal), despite adequate hydration) - Failure to consent - the patient, or if they are incapacitated, their responsible relative, declines to enter the study - Allergy to amphotericin B or fluconazole |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Vietnam | Cho Ray Hospital | Ho Chi Minh City | |
Vietnam | Hospital for Tropical Diseases | Ho Chi Minh City | |
Vietnam | Oxford University Clinical Research Unit | Ho Chi Minh City |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam | Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, University of Liverpool, University of Rochester |
Vietnam,
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* Note: There are 55 references in all — Click here to view all references
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Early Fungicidal Activity (EFA), i.e. the rate of clearance of yeast from cerebrospinal fluid | In the trial, lumbar punctures are scheduled on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and additionally as clinically indicated. Whenever a lumbar puncture is performed, the study team will determine the amount of viable yeast in CSF through culture. Based on the patients' longitudinal quantitative yeast count measurements, EFA will be determined as previously described e.g. see N Engl J Med 2016; 374:542-54 | over the first 2 weeks following randomisation | |
Secondary | Survival until 10 weeks after randomization | International treatment guidelines recommend 10 weeks of high dose antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis - an initial phase of amphotericin based induction therapy for 2 weeks followed by 8 weeks of moderate to high dose fluconazole. The rate of survival until this 10 week period of therapy is completed is a frequent endpoint in trials of treatment for cryptococcal meningitis. | 10 weeks after randomisation | |
Secondary | Disability at 10 weeks | Disability is an expected consequence of cryptococcal meningitis, including blindness, deafness and other focal neurological deficits. Neurological disability will be assessed using the modified Rankin score and the Two Simple Questions, and the results of each test combined and classified as good, intermediate, severe disability, or death, as we have previously published. | at 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Adverse events | The proportion of patients with any grade 3 or 4 adverse event, serious adverse event, or unexpected serious adverse event will be compared between treatment groups. | During hospital stay, an average of 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Rate of IRIS until 10 weeks (in HIV infected patients only) | The investigators will model the rate of IRIS over time with a cause-specific hazards model taking into account the competing risk of prior death. | until 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Rate of Cryptococcal meningitis relapse | A pragmatic definition of relapse will be used. This is defined as either intensification of antifungal therapy above that according to the study antifungal schedule, or readmission for treatment of cryptococcal disease. | until 10 weeks | |
Secondary | QT prolongation | Prolongation of the QT interval is a potential side-effect of both Tamoxifen and fluconazole, although it is not clear that either drug increases the risk of Torsade de Pointes, a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia. The QT interval will be estimated manually from 3 chest and 3 limb leads from a high resolution (50mm/sec) 12-lead ECG. The median value will be determined and used to calculate the corrected QT interval (QTc) using using Framingham's formula | During hospital stay, an average of 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Visual deficit at 10 weeks | Visual deficit occurs in 5-40% of patients with cryptococcal meningitis depending upon underlying immune status. The pathogenesis is unclear. The study team will compare the incidence of blindness and other visual deficit between treatment groups. Visual deficit will be assessed using a simple 6 point scale. | at 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Time to new neurological event or death until 10 weeks | A neurological event is defined as a fall in Glasgow coma score by =2 points for =2 days from the highest previously recorded Glasgow coma score (including baseline) or the occurrence of any of the following adverse events: cerebellar symptoms, coma, hemiplegia, paraplegia, seizures, cerebral herniation, new onset blindness or deafness, or cranial nerve palsy. | until 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Longitudinal measurements of intracranial pressure during the first 2 weeks | Intracranial pressure (ICP) will be measured at study entry, day 3, 7, and 14, and at other times as clinically indicated. The decline in raised intracranial pressure over the first 2 weeks will be modelled and compared between treatment arms. | during the first 2 weeks | |
Secondary | CD4 count at 10 weeks | CD4 count measurement is indicated in HIV infected patients, and CD4 lymphopenia has been described in HIV uninfected patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Moreover, Tamoxifen may reduce CD4 cell apoptosis which may be beneficial. | at 10 weeks | |
Secondary | Blood and CSF concentrations of amphotericin, Tamoxifen and fluconazole | All patients will undergo pharmacokinetic sampling to enable the description of the concentrations of Tamoxifen and fluconazole in plasma and CSF, and of amphotericin in blood, and relate these to the rate of clearance of yeast from CSF. | During hospital stay, an average of 10 weeks |
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