HIV Clinical Trial
Official title:
Immunosuppressive Effects of Smoking and HIV-1 on the Development of Lung Disease.
This study plans to learn more about pulmonary complications of human immunodeficiency
virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Even though antiretroviral therapy (ART)
has dramatically decreased the number of opportunistic infections and deaths in HIV infected
patients, pulmonary complications (including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
development and pneumonias resulting in decreased lung function) of HIV/AIDS continue to be a
major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. The mechanisms underlying the
increased risk of COPD and decreased lung function in HIV infected individuals is not well
understand and needs to be studied.
The investigators hypothesize that the immunoregulatory consequences and immunosuppressive
lung milieu secondary to HIV and cigarette smoke combine to increase the risk of lung
infection and injury in HIV infected smokers, hastening the development of COPD. The
mechanisms will be directly tested using blood and bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) cells from
smokers and nonsmokers with and without HIV infection.
The first component of this study will be a longitudinal, prospective, 24 weeks study of the
effects of HIV-1 infection on innate and acquired immunity in the lung (Cohort A). The second
component of this study will be a cross-sectional, case-control study of lung function and
immune dysregulation of HIV-1 infected persons on long-term ART (Cohort B).
Cohort A will consist of 120 subjects, stratified by HIV-1 and smoking status
Cohort B will consist of 90 subjects stratified by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and HIV-1 infection.
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