Clinical Trials Logo
  1. Home
  2. HIV Infection
  3. NCT00247091

Impact of HIV on Measles and Measles Immunisation

HIV Infection Clinical Trial

Official title:
Impact of HIV on Measles and Measles Immunisation

Clinical Trial Summary

We conducted a longitudinal study to assess the immunogenicity of standard-titer measles vaccine in HIV-infected and uninfected Zambian children. The study hypothesis was that HIV-infected children would have higher rates of primary and secondary measles vaccine failure compared to uninfected children, contributing to decreased levels of population immunity to measles and facilitating measles virus transmission in regions of high HIV prevalence.

Clinical Trial Description

Despite great progress in measles control in sub-Saharan Africa, measles remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. In regions of high HIV prevalence, measles virus transmission may be sustained despite high immunization coverage rates if HIV-infected children are important transmitters of measles virus. Factors potentially contributing to enhanced measles virus transmission by HIV-infected children include an early decline in protective maternal antibody titers resulting in susceptibility to measles at a younger age, and high rates of primary and secondary measles vaccine failure. To evaluate the potential impact of the HIV-1 epidemic on immunity following measles vaccination, we conducted a longitudinal study to compare the primary vaccine failure rate and rate of antibody decline following administration of standard-titer measles vaccine at nine months of age to HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Zambian children. Our results show that children born to HIV-infected women have lower levels of passively-acquired maternal antibodies to measles virus prior to the age of routine vaccination at 9 months, and HIV-infected children are particularly susceptible to measles in infancy. This finding supports the WHO recommendation to provide the first dose of measles vaccine to HIV-infected children at 6 months. Furthermore, HIV-infected children develop adequate primary antibody responses to measles vaccine in the months following vaccination but lose protective antibody titers by two to three years of age. Mitigating the potential impact of this decreased immunogenicity on the level of population immunity to measles virus was the high mortality rate observed among HIV-infected children. Improved access to antiretroviral therapy will likely improve the survival of HIV-infected children without enhancing protective immunity to measles virus, although this has yet to be investigated. We are working to incorporate our findings into a mathematical model to better understand the impact of the HIV-1 epidemic on measles control strategies and to investigate the immunologic mechanisms for impaired memory B cell responses in HIV-infected children. ;

Study Design

Observational Model: Defined Population, Time Perspective: Longitudinal

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

Clinical Trial Details
NCT number NCT00247091
Study type Observational
Source Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Contact
Status Completed
Phase N/A
Start date May 2000
Completion date September 2004
View Details
See also
  Status Clinical Trial Phase
Active, not recruiting NCT02135419 - Treatment in Preventing Anal Cancer in Patients With HIV and Anal High-Grade Lesions Phase 3
Active, not recruiting NCT02663856 - My Smart Age With HIV: Smartphone Self-assessment of Frailty
Completed NCT02921516 - Growing Up: Intervening With HIV-Positive Adolescents in Resource-Poor Settings N/A
Completed NCT02659306 - Metformin Immunotherapy in HIV Infection Phase 1
Completed NCT02663869 - Aging With HIV at Younger vs Older Age: a Diverse Population With Distinct Comorbidity Profiles
Completed NCT02846402 - Impact of HIV Self-testing Among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda N/A
Terminated NCT02743598 - Liraglutide for HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder Phase 4
Completed NCT02564341 - Targeting Effective Analgesia in Clinics for HIV - Intervention N/A
Active, not recruiting NCT02302950 - A Retrospective Analysis of Raltegravir Use in Minority HIV Infected Women in Houston, Texas N/A
Completed NCT01830595 - Lactoferrin Treatment in HIV Patients Phase 2
Completed NCT01852942 - Reversing Tissue Fibrosis to Improve Immune Reconstitution in HIV Phase 2
Terminated NCT02109224 - Ibrutinib in Treating Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Patients With HIV Infection Phase 1
Completed NCT02269605 - Bryostatin-1 Effect on HIV-1 Latency and Reservoir in HIV-1 Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment Phase 1
Terminated NCT01902186 - Bone Mineral Density Changes in HIV-positive Females With Osteopenia Switching to Raltegravir Phase 4
Completed NCT02527135 - Text Messaging to Improve HIV Testing Among Young Women in Kenya N/A
Completed NCT01946217 - Factors Affecting Patient Participation in AIDS Malignancy Clinical Trials Consortium Clinical Trials N/A
Completed NCT02525146 - Birmingham Access to Care Study N/A
Completed NCT02118168 - Observational Study for the Extended Follow-up of the Patients Enrolled in the Therapeutic Clinical Trial ISS T-002 N/A
Active, not recruiting NCT02602418 - Neural Correlates of Working Memory Training for HIV Patients N/A
Completed NCT01702974 - Immune Reconstitution in HIV Disease (IREHIV) Phase 2