View clinical trials related to Health Disparities.
Filter by:Hospitals ineffectively examine the safety of their processes by relying on voluntary incident reporting (VIR) by clinical staff who are overworked and afraid to report. VIR captures only 1-10% of events, excludes patients and families, and underdetects events in vulnerable groups like patients with language barriers. Patients and families are vigilant partners in care who are adept at identifying errors and AEs. Failing to actively include patients and families in safety reporting and instead relying on flawed VIR presents an important missed opportunity to improve safety. To improve hospital safety, there is a critical need to coproduce (create in partnership with families) effective systems to identify uncaptured errors. Without this information, hospitals are impeded in their ability to improve patient safety. In partnership with diverse families, nurses, physicians, and hospital leaders, investigators created a multicomponent communication intervention to engage families of hospitalized children in safety reporting. The intervention includes 3 elements: (1) a Spanish and English mobile (email, text, and QR-code) reporting tool prompting families to share concerns and suggestions about safety, (2) family/staff education, and (3) a process for sharing family reports with the unit and hospital so systemic issues can be addressed. After piloting the intervention in one inpatient unit, marked improvements in family safety reporting and reductions in disparities in reporting by parent education and language results. The investigators now propose to conduct an RCT of the intervention in 4 geographically, ethnically, and linguistically diverse hospitals. The specific aims are to: (1) evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in improving error detection and other safety outcomes, (2) assess the impact of the intervention on disparities in reporting, and (3) understand contextual factors contributing to successful implementation of the intervention. If effective, the intervention will contribute by: (1) increasing patient/family engagement in reporting, especially from vulnerable groups, (2) identifying otherwise unrecognized events, and (3) enabling hospitals to better understand safety problems in a 360-degree manner and design more effective, patient-centered solutions.
This community-partnered study will scale a community, provider, and system-level implementation intervention to reduce African American maternal morbidity and mortality disparities in two Michigan counties (Genesee and Kent). This project will test the intervention using data from Medicaid insured women who deliver in Michigan from 2016-2019 and 2022-2025 (approximately 540,000 births, including 162,000 births to African American women).
The purpose of this research is to develop a culturally adapted "Faith in Action!" curriculum to train lay health navigators to provide breast cancer screening navigation to Korean American women within faith-based settings and evaluate whether the culturally adapted "Faith in Action!" curriculum increases adherence to breast cancer screening guidelines among Korean American women within faith-based settings in Los Angeles, California. The primary research procedures include trainings and key informant interviews with lay health navigators in faith-based settings followed by a cluster randomized trial to evaluate the intervention.
More than a dozen states have proposed or plan to implement work requirements in Medicaid, and similar requirements already exist nationally in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP), yet evidence on the effects of these policies is limited. In cooperation with the state of Virginia, the investigators plan to conduct a randomized controlled trial studying the impacts of work requirements in public programs on insurance coverage, SNAP participation, employment, and health, with a particular focus on changes in racial/ethnic and geographic disparities in these outcomes. The COVID-19 epidemic and concurrent economic downturn creates additional urgency around these issues, and the investigators will use a combination of national administrative data and a new population survey to assess disparities in employment, health care, and food insecurity during this crisis.
The COVID-19 virus pandemic has massively affected us all. Moreover, there is a disproportionately high number of COVID-19 severe infections and deaths in British Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) patients. This clinical study plans to discover new ways of protecting people from this virus by looking at our DNA and biology.