View clinical trials related to General Anesthesia.
Filter by:In order to investigate the effect of a combination effect of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide on cerebral electrical activity, the investigators determined the MAC of sevoflurane combined with nitrous oxide inducing isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG) in 50% of the subjects (MACie) in middle aged subjects.
Recently intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring (MEP) is widely used to reduce neural damage during neurosurgery. As neuromuscular blockade(NMB) during MEP monitoring decreases the amplitude of MEP, partial NMB is usually maintained during general anesthesia. Continuous infusion of NMB agent is preferred than bolus infusion during MEP monitoring. There are a lot of NMB agents in clinical use. But there have been no reports about the effect of changing NMB agent on efficacy of MEP monitoring. Therefore, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of changing NMB agent on the variability of MEP amplitude during neurosurgery.
Sevoflurane can abolish movement or adrenergic response to noxious stimulus. In order to investigate the effect of sevoflurane on cerebral electrical activity, we determined the MAC of sevoflurane inducing isoelectric electroencephalogram (EEG) in 50% of the subjects (MACie) in middle aged subjects.
Postoperative delirium is a common complication in elderly patients after surgery. Its occurrence is associated with worse outcomes. The pathophysiology of delirium remains poorly understood. However, an universal phenomenon is that delirium frequently occurs in elderly patients after major complicated surgery, but is rarely seen after minor ambulatory surgery (such as cataract surgery). This indicates that stress response produced by surgery might have an important role in the pathogenesis of delirium. It has been reported that, when compared with general anesthesia and postoperative intravenous analgesia, neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia reduced the occurrence of postoperative complications and mortality in high risk patients. Combined epidural-general anesthesia is frequently used in clinical practice. This anesthetic method provides advantages of both epidural and general anesthesia, i.e. it blocks the afferent pathway of nociceptive stimulus by neuraxial blockade during and after surgery, and allows patients to endure long-duration surgery without any awareness. The investigators hypothesize that combined epidural-general anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia can decrease the incidence of delirium in elderly patients after major surgery when compared with general anesthesia alone and postoperative intravenous analgesia.
Previous work in animal models suggests that inhalational anesthetic agents may accelerate Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, but it is unclear to what extent this may happen in humans. Here, the investigators propose to measure Alzheimer's disease-related neural markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients exposed to anesthesia while undergoing neurosurgical procedures that require lumbar drain placement. Patients will be randomized to either receive inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane or intravenous anesthesia with propofol. CSF and blood samples will each be collected at the induction of anesthesia, and then again ten and twenty-four hours later. CSF samples will be assayed for amyloid beta, tau, and other Alzheimer's disease-associated markers; blood samples will be assayed for serum inflammatory markers and used for genotyping studies. These studies should clarify the effect of common anesthetic agents on Alzheimer's disease related neural markers.
Partial cuff inflation before insertion is generally used for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adult patients. However, it is not proven how much the cuff should be inflated. The aim of this study is to compare efficacy between the method using the resting volume and the method using half the maximum volume for partial cuff inflation.
This study was designed to evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety of palonosetron for the patients who undergo laparoscopic gynecologic, abdominal or other surgery under general anesthesia.
Exploration of the hypothesis that general anesthesia is not a singular threshold but is a continuum of central nervous system depression dependent on interpretation of nociceptive stimuli.
Caesarean delivery under general anaesthesia (GA) carries nowadays still 25% risk of insufficient depth of anaesthesia in a time before the fetus delivery. The reason is the lack of opioid administration. Opioids easily cross placental barrier and negatively influence newborn postpartum adaptation by respiratory depression. Introduction to GA is thus accompanied by exaggerated autonomic stress reaction with hypertension and tachycardia. The use of ultra-short acting opioid remifentanil should suppress stress response in mother without increasing the risk for newborn. There are only a few clinical data available. This study will be the first one systematically studying the influence of remifentanil in pregnant women with hypertension on hemodynamic stability and newborns safety. This study will also identify potential pharmacogenetic factors of individual variability in remifentanil response with respect of drug efficacy and safety in mother and newborn.
Understudied drugs will be administered to children per standard of care as prescribed by their treating caregiver and only biological sample collection during the time of drug administration will be involved. A total of approximately 7000 children aged <21 years who are receiving these drugs for standard of care will be enrolled and will be followed for up a maximum of 90 days. The goal of this study is to characterize the pharmacokinetics of understudied drugs for which specific dosing recommendations and safety data are lacking. The prescribing of drugs to children will not be part of this protocol. Taking advantage of procedures done as part of routine medical care (i.e. blood draws) this study will serve as a tool to better understand drug exposure in children receiving these drugs per standard of care. The data collected through this initiative will also provide valuable pharmacokinetic and dosing information of drugs in different pediatric age groups as well as special pediatric populations (i.e. obese).