View clinical trials related to Gastroenteritis.
Filter by:Background: - Eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders (EGID) are a group of related disorders that affect the esophagus, stomach, and bowel. There are two major types of EGID, eosinophilic esophagitis and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. They are caused by the body's immune system being activated by food allergens, which then damages the gut wall. People with EGID have large numbers of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in their gut. EGID can cause difficulty swallowing, abdominal pain, or nausea. - At present, there are no drugs specifically approved to treat EGID. Most adults who have EGID receive steroid therapy to manage the symptoms. However, long-term steroid use may cause other problems in the body. Researchers want to see if low-dose sirolimus can be used to treat EGID. Sirolimus is a drug used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It may be able to keep the body's immune cells from being activated by food allergens and decrease the eosinophils. Objectives: - To see if low dose sirolimus is safe and decreases blood or gut eosinophils in EGID. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 to 65 years of age who have EGID. - Participants must also have an elevated blood eosinophil count and positive blood tests for IgE antibodies to foods. Design: - Participants who are on medicine for EGID or related symptoms must be on a stable dose for 1 month before screening and stay on that dose throughout the study. - Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam, and review their symptoms. They will provide blood and urine samples. They will also have heart and lung function tests. Some participants may have allergy skin tests. - At the first study visit, participants will have 2 days of inpatient tests. They will repeat the tests from the screening visit. They will also have a full analysis of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. On the second day, they will start to take sirolimus as a liquid with orange juice or water. - Participants will continue to take sirolimus at home. They will record their doses and any symptoms. They will also have a visit to provide blood samples about 2 weeks after the first study visit. - At the second study visit (about a month after the first visit), participants will repeat the tests from the screening visit. The sirolimus dose may be adjusted as needed. - Participants will take sirolimus for at least another 28 days. Depending on the dose of the drug and the blood test results, some participants may need to take it for up to 112 days. Those who take the drug for a longer period will have additional study visits with tests. - There will be another study visit when participants stop taking the drug. The last visit will be a final follow-up visit.
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is recommended for treatment and prevention of dehydration due to acute gastroenteritis in infants and children. Acute diarrhoea leads to zinc depletion in infants, and zinc is recommended by the World Health Organization in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis in infants and children. However, the efficacy of zinc supplementation to children with acute gastroenteritis in more affluent settings is unclear. Selected strains of probiotics, including L. reuteri ATCC 55730, have been shown in several studies to shorten the duration of diarrhoea by about 24 hours, and also to attenuate symptom severity. If probiotics are given within 60 hours from onset of symptoms the duration can be reduced even more. Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) has been shown to reduce the duration and severity of acute gastroenteritis in children aged 6-36 months. In these studies L. reuteri was proven to have clinical effect on diarrhoea of both bacterial and viral (rotavirus) origin. In humans, L. reuteri strain DSM 17938 has recently been shown to reduce the duration of watery diarrhoea by 1.2 days among 6-36 mo old Italian children with acute gastroenteritis treated in hospital. The present, community-based study aims to assess if an ORS with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and zinc can be superior or equivalent to ORS without probiotic and zinc in reducing the duration of acute gastroenteritis in children aged 6-36 months, with no, mild or moderate dehydration when introduced early (within 48 hours) after the start of gastroenteritis associated diarrhoea in an out-patient setting. A prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled study with parallel groups will be performed. Assuming a difference of 25% between groups in the primary outcome of prevalence of diarrhoea 48 hours after start of treatment (80% power, alfa = 5%), and estimating an attrition rate of approximately 15%, the final sample size will be 142 subjects, or 71 subjects in each arm. Parents contacting the health care telephone enquiry agency, the primary care emergency unit, the paediatric emergency unit, all at the Umeå University Hospital or the well-baby care centres (BVC) in Umeå for advice on their children's gastroenteritis will be informed that they may participate in the present study and they will be given contact information to the research nurse for this activity. A home visit by study personnel will then be done for evaluation of eligibility, information, collection of informed consent and delivery of study product. Data collection points will be at the recruitment visit in the patient's home, and by telephone on day 7. If the child still has gastrointestinal symptoms on day 5 it will be referred to the primary health care facility or the outpatient clinic of the Department of Paediatrics, Umeå University Hospital.
This study will collect demographic and safety information on the use of ROTATEQ™ in the Philippines.
This multicentric, randomized, double-blind and controlled study aims to examine the effect of a fermented dairy product containing the probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 (Actimel® = tested product) on the incidence of respiratory and gastro-intestinal common infectious diseases (cumulated number of infections during the intervention period: primary criteria), and on the Quality of Life in adults submitted to multi-stressor situation. Volunteers received either 200g/day of tested product (N=121) or control product (N=118) for 7-weeks.
The primary objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of the use of a multiple electrolyte solution to the use of saline for the treatment of moderate to severe dehydration due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children.
Background: - Food allergies are characterized by abnormal immune system responses to certain foods, such as peanuts, strawberries, and shellfish. Some individuals with these allergies have immediate allergic reactions on contact with the food in question and need immediate treatment to prevent severe complications. In contrast, eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders are related disorders in which white blood cells in the intestinal tract react to certain foods, causing abdominal pain, nausea, and other digestion problems. Researchers are interested in studying these conditions to better understand how the immune system responds to food allergies. Objectives: - To examine how the immune system responds to food allergens. - To examine how certain white blood cells contribute to disease in individuals with food allergies and other inflammatory diseases. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age who have a history of (a) severe allergic reaction to peanuts (and have peanut-specific antibodies), (b) allergy or inflammatory disease, or (c) eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorder (with at least two documented food allergies). - Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age who have no known allergies or asthma. Design: - All participants will have a screening visit and a procedure visit. The procedure visit will take place within 30 to 60 days of the screening visit, and will take 3 to 4 hours depending on the procedure(s) done. - Participants will be screened with a physical examination and medical history, and will provide blood samples for testing. Participants with peanut or other allergies will have additional tests to determine their levels of sensitivity to certain foods. Participants with eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorder will provide stool samples for testing. - At the procedure visit, participants with peanut allergies and participants with other allergies will provide blood samples and have leukapherisis to collect white blood cells for examination. - At the procedure visit, healthy volunteers and participants with eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorder will provide blood samples and have leukapherisis to collect white blood cells for examination. In addition, some but not all of these participants will have a procedure called esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which will examine the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Participants who are scheduled to have EGD will be asked to fast for 6 hours before the procedure.
This is a 1-year study evaluating hospitalizations and the medical care for the treatment of diarrhea from rotavirus infection in children < 5 years of age, conducted in four hospitals located in four Brazilian regions. A stool sample from each eligible child passing 3 or more loose stools or watery stools within a period of 24 hours and requiring hospitalization or rehydration therapy (oral or IV rehydration) will be tested for the presence of rotavirus, using standard laboratory procedures (ie, Enzyme Linked Ligand Sorbent Assay, or ELlSA) by all participating hospitals.
The objective of this study is to determine for previously healthy children, who present to an ED with acute gastroenteritis, if the probability of daycare absenteeism is significantly different in those who receive a probiotic agent compared to those who receive placebo.