View clinical trials related to Epidemiology.
Filter by:The rationale for this study proposal is derived from previous case series demonstrating that up to 60% of patients with HNSCC, especially in the oropharynx are associated with high risk HPV infection. In this study, we will characterize the association between HPV infection and HNSCC in Israel and establish a program for its diagnosis and management based on HPV as a biomarker. The rationale for the proposed research is that once it is known which types of HPV are associated with HNSCC, this information can be used to direct diagnosis and screening effort to high risk population. Our approach is based on establishing a multicenter consortium of leading researchers that will establish a joint database of demographic, clinical and biological data from various regions in Israel. For this we have assembled a multidisciplinary research team with the scope and breath (surgical oncology, pathology, virology and molecular biology) needed to complete all phases of the research successfully. The research will be coordinated and performed at the Applied Cancer Research Laboratory, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. The patients will be recruited from 7 tertiary medical centers in Israel: Ichilov, Bellinson, Hadassa, Rambam, Soroka, Sheba and Nazeret..
Information about Americans food choices and opinions helps researchers and law makers to develop policies and programs to promote health. For this reason, it is important to be able to collect good quality information about how people think about food. This project will compare different ways of collecting information about food from adults.
The goal of this research study is to learn about the beliefs, practices, and knowledge about cervical cancer among Asian American young adults. Researchers want to develop materials that will educate Asian Americans about cervical cancer and encourage them to get screened for this disease.
Primary Objectives: 1. To test the hypothesis that children whose mothers are Migrant/Seasonal Farmworkers (MSFs) (occupationally-exposed to pesticides) may be at a higher risk for exhibiting mutagen-induced DNA damage than children whose mothers and fathers are not MSFs. 2. To test the hypothesis that MSF mothers (occupationally-exposed to pesticides) may be at a higher risk for exhibiting mutagen-induced DNA damage than mothers who are not MSFs. Secondary Objectives: 1. To test the hypothesis that both the extent of pesticide exposure and the type of polymorphisms in chemical detoxification genes and DNA repair genes contribute to the extent of cytogenetic damage found in children of MSF women. 2. To test the hypothesis that both the extent of pesticide exposure and the type of polymorphisms in chemical detoxification genes and DNA repair genes contribute to the extent of cytogenetic damage found in MSF mothers. 3. To test the hypothesis that the total concentration levels of organochlorine (OCP) and organophosphate (OP) pesticides will correlate with the mutagenic potency of the serum and urine of the children. 4. To test the hypothesis that the total concentration levels of OCP and OP pesticides will correlate with the mutagenic potency of the serum and urine of the mothers. 5. To test the hypothesis that inherited polymorphisms in the PON1 gene and its expression modulate the risk for OP genotoxicity measured by the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in MSF children. 6. To test the hypothesis that inherited polymorphisms in the PON1 gene and its expression modulate the risk for OP genotoxicity measured by the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in MSF mothers.
Primary Objectives: 1. To collect data on health behaviors in the parents of MATCh study participants 2. To collect and/or update risk factor data from the parents of the MATCh study participants.
Background: - Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a solvent used in many medical and industrial processes. - TCE is a carcinogen (causes cancer) in rats, but its carcinogenicity in humans is unclear. There is some evidence of increased liver and kidney cancers and of an association with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in studies of workers exposed to TCE. - The carcinogenicity and regulation of TCE is a matter of continuing debate. Objectives: - To determine if TCE exposure is associated with higher levels of genetic aberrations in certain white blood cells called lymphocytes. - To determine if TCE exposure affects lymphocyte subsets and levels of certain hormones called cytokines. Eligibility: Workers exposed to two different levels of exposure to TCE and unexposed workers in Guangdong Province, China. Design: - 45 workers exposed to more than 25 parts per million (ppm) TCE, 30 workers exposed to from 10 to less than 25 ppm TCE and 45 unexposed workers will be enrolled. - Subjects wear small instruments at work that measure chemicals in the air for 1 or 2 days during the 2-week study period. Exposed workers also wear several small skin patches on one of the two days. - Subjects provide blood and urine samples. - Subjects answer a questionnaire about work, smoking and drinking, use of medicines, medical history, general health, hobbies, and exposure to radiation and exposure to various substances at home.
Severe acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is an emerging infectious disease. It is caused by a novel SARS-associated coronavirus. According to the epidemiological data, it is highly infectious by intimate contact, respiratory secretion, or direct contact with infectious body fluid. By June 1, 2003, Center for Disease Control Taiwan, R.O.C reported 677 probable SARS cases. Among them, 93.2% (631/677) were more than 20 years old. Only 6.8% (46/677) were under 20 years old. Usually the major hosts of respiratory viruses are children, but evidence up to now shows that SARS is mainly a disease of adults. The data of clinical presentation and epidemiological prevalence in teenage group and children are lacking. Therefore, this project is aimed at the children and teenager among 1 month to eighteen years old. Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV infection in children would be investigated. Patients who admitted to pediatric wards or visited ER and received blood sampling due to the need of clinical diagnosis/management would be enrolled. After the necessary laboratory examinations were done, the remaining serum would be collected and tested for anti-SARS-CoV IgG by ELISA.