View clinical trials related to Dysentery.
Filter by:Efforts are continuing to improve the efficacy of oral rehydration solution in terms of reducing the severity (stool volume) and duration of diarrhoea (enhancement of recovery). Antimicrobial peptides, produced by the epithelial cells, represent an important component of the innate immunity of all epithelial surfaces of the body including intestine. Induction of expression of antimicrobial peptides on epithelial cell surface, may thus hasten recovery from infectious diarrhoea. Isoleucine is an essential amino acid that is easily available and not very expensive, and its addition to oral rehydration solution might help early clearance of diarrhoeal pathogen by inducing secretion of antimicrobial peptide by the small intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, it is expected to hasten recovery from diarrhoea by reestablishing the commensal bacteria. The aim of this pilot study is to assess if addition of isoleucine to oral rehydration solution induces secretion of antimicrobial peptide, help establish normal bacterial populations in the intestine, and favourably impacts the severity and duration of diarrhoea in young children. If the results are found encouraging, a therapeutic trial with adequate sample size would be justified.
The present study is designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of probiotics on the prevention of traveler's diarrhea (TD) in subjects who travel to a country with a high risk for developing TD. Subjects will be asked to take one capsule containing a mixture of probiotics or a placebo capsule a day, within the week before departure, during the travel and up to 3 days after return. They will note the following outcomes in a diary: occurence of diarrhea, number and consistency of stools, duration of the diarrhea, presence of diarrhea-related symptoms and need for rescue medication. The present study will examine if the use of the probiotics capsule reduces the occurence of traveler's diarrhea as compared to the placebo capsule.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Travelers' Diarrhea Vaccine System to actively immunize against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli disease in a field setting.
The study will compare durations of diarrhea among subjects who report to clinic for treatment and who receive either: 1. standard rifaximin therapy at a dose of 200 mg three times a day for 3 days, OR 2. a single 600 mg dose of rifaximin daily for 3 days.
To evaluate and compare the immune responses and safety following a two vaccination regimen by transcutaneous immunization with heat-labile enterotoxin of E. coli (LT) patches or placebo patches.
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of Bio-K+ CL1285 in reducing traveler's diarrhea.
For more than 25 years WHO and UNICEF have recommended a single formulation of glucose-based Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) to prevent or treat dehydration from diarrhoea irrespective of the cause or age group affected. This product has proven effective and contributed substantially to the dramatic global reduction in mortality from diarrhoeal disease during the period. Based on more than two decades of research and recommendations by an expert group, WHO and UNICEF reviewed the effectiveness of a new ORS formula with reduced concentration of glucose and salts. Because of the improved effectiveness of this new ORS solution WHO and UNICEF recommended that countries use and manufacture this new formulation in place of the old one. While recommending this new ORS the experts also recommended that further monitoring is desirable to better assess the risk, if any of symptomatic hyponatraemia (low blood level of sodium salt). This is a surveillance study to evaluate adverse effect of routinely using the new ORS in a hospital admitting over 20,000 patients with diarrhea of all ages including cholera. If the new ORS is found safe, it will provide added confidence in its global use.
Every year more than 4 billion cases of diarrhea occur worldwide culminating in about 2.5 million deaths, almost all in the developing nations. Reliable diagnosis of patients with acute infectious diarrhea which could be appropriately managed with antibiotics at presentation still remains a formidable challenge to the clinicians. To address this issue of predicting microbiological infectious etiology for diagnosing acute infectious diarrhea, we would evaluate stools from all patients with acute diarrhea with culture, Guaiac based fecal occult blood test (FOBT), Calprotectin and lactoferrin assays simultaneously. This would be the first study evaluating fecal calprotectin as a diagnostic marker in acute diarrhea
In a previous study azithromycin proved as efficacious as levofloxacin in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea in Mexico. Because the addition of loperamide to some antibiotics (e.g., trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ofloxacin) has proven more efficacious than antibiotic alone in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea, we decided to study the addition of loperamide to azithromycin. US adults with acute diarrhea in Guadalajara Mexico were randomized to receive azithromycin in two different doses or loperamide plus azithromycin. The duration of diarrhea was shorter (11 hours) in the combination-treated group compared to the antibiotic-treated groups (34 hours). The percentage of subjects continuing to pass 6 or more unformed stools in the first 24 hours was less (1.7%) in the combination-treated group than in the antibiotic-treated groups (20%). We feel loperamide should routinely be added to an antibiotic to optimize treatment of travelers' diarrhea.
Most cases of travelers' diarrhea are caused by bacterial pathogens which respond slowly to antibiotic treatment.The study was designed to determine the value of rapidly acting loperamide (imodium) combined with curative dose of the poorly absorbed rifaximin in travelers' diarreha treatment.