View clinical trials related to Disease.
Filter by:There is clear evidence that aggressive behavior and disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) in middle childhood are associated with an increased risk for substance abuse in adolescence. However, the exact underlying mechanism of this increased risk is unknown. It is likely that a biopsychological vulnerability in some aggressive children and children with DBD makes them liable to substance use and abuse. The investigators hypothesize that deficient decision making is such a biopsychological factor. In this study the investigators aim to test the latter hypothesis by investigating the decision making ability in a group of adolescents with DBD with and without substance use disorders. Decision-making is assessed with the IOWA Gambling Task (GT). This task mimics real-life situations in the way it factors uncertainty, reward and punishment. The GT is specifically designed to assess impaired decision-making in individuals who are unable to learn from their mistakes and make decisions that repeatedly lead to negative consequences. This characteristic may be common to individuals with externalizing disorders such as DBD, psychopathy, and substance use disorders.
The purpose of the study is optimising current treatments in schizophrenia and explore novel therapeutic options for schizophrenia. The study intends to both address basic, but so far unanswered, questions in the treatment of schizophrenia and develop new interventions. It is expected that the project will lead to evidence that is directly applicable to treatment guidelines, and will identify potential mechanisms for new drug development.
This study is conducted in Europe. The aim of this study is to compare the easiness of use of Norditropin NordiFlex® device to the device previously used by patients or parents.
Persons with serious mental illness are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The goals of this study are to test a treatment, Life Goals Collaborative Care to help promote health behavior change and to get feedback from patients and providers on what is needed to help better coordinate and physical and mental health care of these patients.
RCT. Two substudies (clinical and experimental). Main objective of the trial is to examine if oxytocin, compared to placebo shows any additional effect on the therapy achievements (outcome) of patients with borderline personality disorder, who receive an in-patient standard psychotherapy (Dialectical-behavioral-therapy, Marsha Linehan (2006)). Secondary objectives : Investigate if oxytocin compared to placebo enhances social trust and emotion recognition in patients with borderline personality disorder. Comparison of the effects of Oxytocin on patients with BPD and major depression.
Anxiety disorders are common, chronic, costly, debilitating to quality of life, and are more prevalent than any other class of disorders in every country in the world where surveys have been taken. Deepening understanding of the nature of anxiety and related emotional disorders during the last decade has revealed that commonalities in etiology and latent structure among these disorders supersedes differences. At the same time, examination of extant single diagnosis psychological treatment protocols (SDPs) for these disorders underscores mechanistic similarities. These findings suggested the possibility of distilling a set of psychological procedures that would comprise an innovative Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP), and this protocol has now been developed. If efficacious, the UP may represent a more efficient and possibly more effective strategy which would render treatment implications of comorbidity, not otherwise specified (NOS) and subdefinitional threshold anxiety disorder conditions moot. The investigators now propose an evaluation of the efficacy of the UP in a group of patients with heterogeneous anxiety disorders by way of rigorous comparisons to existing evidence based SDPs benchmarked against a wait list control condition, using both statistical equivalence and superiority analyses. Additional aims include determining the durability of the UP relative to comparison conditions after treatment discontinuation, and ascertaining the differential impact of treatments on disorder specific symptoms vs. higher-order temperamental variables. Further analyses will indicate if changes in these higher order temperamental variables mediate long-term outcome as preliminary data suggests, and if this mechanism of action differs among treatments.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether guanfacine (trade name Intuniv) by itself or in combination with methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin) is helpful for treating hyperactivity in children and adolescents with a Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs).
To investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients that underwent surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to determine variables associated with the disorder. Design: Consecutive prospective observational study.
This phase I trial is studying the side effects, best way to give, and best dose of Akt inhibitor MK2206 (MK2206) in treating patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors or leukemia. MK2206 may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
Background: - Individuals who are dependent on alcohol often have feelings of anxiety, irritability, anger, and depression. These feelings, as well as stress, may contribute to the risk of relapse and continued drinking. Studies have shown that alcohol consumption increases the activity of certain molecules in the brain known as CRH1 receptors, which are key to producing the body s response to stress, and whose activation generates feelings of anxiety. Researchers are interested in learning whether the experimental drug pexacerfont, which blocks CRH1 receptors and has been studied in individuals with anxiety disorders and depression, can lessen anxiety and craving for alcohol as part of alcohol-dependence treatment. Objectives: - To determine the safety and effectiveness of pexacerfont as a treatment for anxiety-related alcohol craving. Eligibility: - Individuals between 21 and 65 years of age who are alcohol-dependent and have problems with anxiety. Design: - This study requires an inpatient admission to the NIH Clinical Center for approximately 1 month, with two additional study visits 1 week and 1 month after discharge from the hospital. - Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and blood and urine tests. - During the inpatient period, participants will have standard treatment for alcohol dependence, including support and interventions from institute staff to address cravings, anxiety, or other psychological problems. Participants will not receive formal psychological treatment or psychiatric medications for anxiety, but will receive training in relaxation techniques. - Participants will be assigned to take either pexacerfont or placebo for 3 weeks. During this time, participants will have the following procedures: - Frequent blood tests. - Rating scales and questionnaires about alcohol cravings and anxiety. - Dexamethasone suppression test with frequent blood draws to study hormone response to stress. - Social stress test involving public speaking, followed by blood samples and questionnaires on alcohol craving. - Cue Reactivity (CR) session to study cravings and responses to alcohol-based cues. - Functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to evaluate brain activity while taking the medication or placebo. - Participants will have two follow-up visits for additional blood tests and questionnaires about the effects of the treatment ^.