Dietary Habits Clinical Trial
Official title:
Is There Any Effect of Maternal Dietary Acid Load During Pregnancy on Arising Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?
Dietary habits resembling Western style, rich in animal protein and poor in fruit and vegetables, increase the body acid load, a predictor of type 2 diabetes risk. Recently, the studies related to relationships between dietary acid load and insulin resistance has become a growing interest but there are only a few study conducted with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between dietary acid load in second trimester, blood lipid profiles and GDM.
This cross-sectional study conducted with 40 women with GDM diagnosed with two-step 100g oral
glucose tolerance test and 40 healthy women, aged 21-41 years, between weeks of 14-28 of
pregnancy, who attended the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Gulhane Training and
Research Hospital. Participants with polycystic ovary syndrome, chronic diseases, pre-GDM, or
multiple pregnancies were excluded. Sociodemographic information was recorded via
questionnaire and anthropometrics of women were measured.
Blood samples were taken after an overnight fasting. Dietary information was obtained by mean
intakes of a 3-day food records (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day) and analyzed via nutrition
analysis software. According to the data obtained from software analysis, animal protein
(g/day) to potassium (g/day) ratio (AP/K), potential renal acid load (PRAL; mEq/day) score
and net endogenous acid production (NEAP; mEq/day) were calculated from established
algorithms to estimate dietary acid load. All nutrients were age and energy- adjusted before
being introduced into the equation and tertiles of the scores were used for statistical
analysis. ANOVA, ANCOVA and Logistic regression test were used. The study plan was approved
by the Hospital's Ethics Committee.
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