View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:PATH is a member of a consortium that is developing a Diagnostic Enterics Card (DEC) which will allow clinicians to diagnose a group of diarrheagenic pathogens linked to morbidity and mortality. The pathogens detected on DEC include Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella species, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. This study will evaluate the performance of the assays and the platform in clinical conditions with non-expert users. It will provide important data on the performance of DEC for at least one target pathogen, an understanding of the potential impact of different sample types on device performance, and human factors associated with instrument interface in the field.
The importance of waterborne gastrointestinal illness throughout the developing world, the existence of a cheap and effective intervention (SODIS), the concurrent limited dissemination program for SODIS, the need for a controlled evaluation of the effectiveness of SODIS under actual field conditions, and the experience of our tri-national collaborative research team in successfully conducting large scale drinking water intervention and observational studies in both the United States and the developing world encourage us to propose the following randomized controlled trial in which our specific aims are to: - Evaluate the hypothesis that SODIS reduces the incidence of gastrointestinal illness in 660 children under the age of five years in rural Bolivia that are randomly selected from 22 villages ; - Define, through an extensive microbiologic testing component, the baseline rates of pathogen-specific diarrheal illnesses and the pathogens responsible for the differences in diarrheal illness between active and control groups; - Document the actual use and acceptance of SODIS by participants in the study; - Assess the cost-effectiveness of SODIS and the social and economic impact of SODIS at household level; - Examine through mathematical disease modelling the effects of the presence of multiple transmission pathways within a village on the preventable fraction estimate due to the introduction of SODIS.
Hypothesis: Supplementation of two recommended daily allowances (RDA) of folic acid with or without simultaneous administration of vitamin B12 reduces the rates of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI), clinical pneumonia and diarrhea. Design/Methods We will conduct a preventive randomized placebo controlled clinical trial of folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation in 1000 children aged 6 to 30 months living in a low to middle-income socioeconomic setting in New Delhi, India. Children aged 6-30 months will be identified through a survey. Eligible and willing Children aged 6-30 months will be randomized to 4 treatment groups. Trial to enrollment informed consent will be obtained by the Study Physician/Supervisor. At enrollment a baseline form will be filled and the child weight and length taken. The baseline blood samples will be collected. The supplements will be given daily for 6 months. Morbidity will be ascertained through biweekly home visits by field workers.
The goal of this retrospective study is to describe emergency relevant illnesses occurring in airline passengers.
The purpose of this study is to conduct cholera vaccinations in high-risk populations in Zanzibar in order to estimate herd protection conferred by the vaccine,estimate effectiveness of the vaccine, and describe the interaction of vaccination and improved water supply on the burden of cholera and diarrhoeal diseases.
Information on the mechanisms of zinc is still in developing phase. Ecological and biological implications of long term zinc supplementation at population level requires assessment. The trial aims to assess the impact of routine supplementation of zinc among young growing children and evaluate its impact on intestinal microbial flora and relationship with gut mucosa integrity and co-morbidities.
The purpose of this study is to know the efficacy of the treatment with probiotics, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve, on clinical evidences and occurence of relapses on antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
This study will evaluate the tolerability, safety and efficacy of DNK333 against diarrhea caused by Irritable Bowel Syndrome in women.
Short chain fatty acids (mainly butyrate, acetate, and propionate) are produced in the large intestine by bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates, such as dietary fibres. Butyrate is an important energy source of the intestinal epithelium and has a pivotal role in the regulation of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, immune function and mucosal protection. Non-digestible carbohydrates (prebiotics) increase the concentrations of colonic butyrate, which has been proposed to be responsible for its beneficial effects. Furthermore, butyrate enemas have been proven to be effective in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis. In the present study, the direct effects of butyrate on inflammation and parameters of colonic defence and mucosal integrity of the distal colon will be studied in 40 patients with diarrhoea predominant IBS (D-IBS) and 40 patients with ulcerative colitis in remission (UCrem) using rectal enemas. These patients groups were chosen because they have a low-grade inflammation in the large intestine, and can therefore be used as a model to study the mechanistic effects of butyrate. The design used to study the effects of butyrate in both patient groups will be a double blind randomized placebo-controlled parallel design.
For six hours following drug administration, subjects will rate the severity of specific symptoms. At the end of the six hour study, subjects will rate the overall effectiveness of the product.