View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:Primary Objective: Explore the efficacy of teicoplanin (100-200 mg administered orally twice a day for 7 to 14 days) in patients with Clostridium difficile infection-associated diarrhea and colitis Secondary Objective: Evaluate the safety of teicoplanin in patients with Clostridium difficile infection-associated diarrhea and colitis
Many patients suffer from chronic diarrhoea after surgical treatment for cancer in the right side of the colon. The investigators' main hypothesis is that colon cancer patients with chronic diarrhoea have a higher risk of bile acid malabsorption compared with colon cancer patients without diarrhoea. The investigators also expect that a part of the cases of bile acid malabsorption is caused by underlying bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel. The investigators assume that patients with severe bile acid malabsorption have a lower value of FGF19 in the blood compared to patients with moderate or none bile acid malabsorption. Furthermore, it is assumed that patients with chronic diarrhoea and documented bile acid malabsorption after surgical treatment for right-sided colon cancer will get improved bowel function when treated with a bile acid binder, or antibiotics in case of bacterial overgrowth.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterized by absence of any organic cause. The vast majority of patients associate their symptoms with specific food consumption, creating the need for developing a new therapeutic approach based on altering the dietary habits. The aim of the study focuses in the comparison of the efficacy of two dietary patterns, the adjusted to the Mediterranean Diet Low FODMAP Diet (MED-LFD) and the nutritional guidelines of the British National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Managing IBS.
This is a nutritional observational trial with two arms: 1) Intervention arm of Probiotic Yoghurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba 2012 and 2) Control arm of milk. About 500 children in each arm will be enrolled. Children will be enrolled in the yoghurt or the milk arm, based on the preference of the school and the parents in response to a sensitization campaign of a non-governmental organization (NGO) in the region. This selection will therefore be non-randomized and non-blinded. Within one school, all children will be enrolled in the same arm. The children will be monitored for 3 weeks in the baseline. Subsequently, the children will consume either 100ml of yoghurt or 100ml of milk, once per day for five days per week for nine weeks, while being continuously monitored. The milk and the yoghurt will be locally sourced in the district where the schools are located.
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the most common causes of children's morbidity and mortality globally. Oral or intravenous rehydration is the only effective treatment in reducing morbidity and mortality rates in AGE. However, new attempts to identify other therapeutic methods to reduce the symptoms of diarrhea are of interest. The administration of pleuran (β- (1,3 / 1,6) -D-glucan) appears to be such an alternative. In Poland, pleuran is being marketed for treating AGE. Its potential immunomodulatory effect is based on the stimulation of both humoral and cellular immunity. The active substance of the product (pleuran) was extracted by unique and patented technology from Pleurotus ostreatus. The substance was previously isolated, identified and chemically characterized by Karacsonyi and Kunia. Pleuran is registered as a diet supplement and distributed in 20 European and non-European countries. The testing for toxicity was performed by the Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine of Slovak Medical University (Final Report No. 5-51/04) and the tests were performed in compliance with the criteria of the Directive of Good Laboratory Practice and Directive 2004/10/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 11th February 2004. To evaluate the efficacy of pleuran in reducing the duration and the severity of AGE symptoms in children, a randomized, placebo-controlled, fully-blind study has been designed. A total of 120 children will be randomly assigned to receive either Imunoglukan PH4 syrup in the experimental group or matching placebo in the control group. The primary outcome measure will be the duration of diarrhea. The statistical analysis of the results will be conducted in both intention-to-treat and per-protocol approach.
In recent studies, a radiation-induced enteropathy is being reported over 50%. In clinics, probiotics are actively prescribed as a treatment for radiation-induced enteropathy. If probiotics can be used during radiation therapy to prevent or reduce radiation-induced enteropathy, the investigators can 1) reduce the inconvenience which is caused from intestinal toxicity, 2) reduce the unnecessary interruption of radiation therapy, and 3) expect to improve the quality of life.
This study is being conducted to evaluate in participants with diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D) the abdominal pain response to BOS-589 after 4 weeks of treatment and to evaluate the overall safety and tolerability of BOS-589 in the treatment of IBS-D during 4 weeks of treatment, relative to placebo (PBO).
Nathan Tintle, in conjunction with others at Dordt College including Dr. Kristin Van De Griend and undergraduate student research assistants, have agreed to collaborate with Hope College to analyze the impact of different water filter deployment strategies in schools and villages on diarrhea and other medical and economic outcomes. The distribution of the water filters will begin in September 2018 to Child Hope schools in 4 different countries (Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua). In order to evaluate efficacy of alternative filter deployment strategies, filters will be distributed in 4 separate treatment arms including schools, homes, simultaneous home/school and a control group
The microbiology department prospectively generates a data base of all episodes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the institution, the investigators will analyse the evolution of the episodes and the incidence per 10,000 days of stay of cases of diagnosed CDI in the Hematological wards and the rest of the hospital during the 2006-2018 period. The investigators will also compare the impact on haematological paediatric population. In order to analyse the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CDI in this population, a case and control study will be conducted, reviewing the medical records of patients who have had an episode of diarrhoea caused by C. difficile in an hematological unit, which will be compared with non-hematological patients who have had an CDI episode These patients will be selected randomly from the Microbiology Department database. The sample size will be 400 patients, 200 per arm. The histories will be reviewed according to a pre-established clinical protocol including epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolution variables. A prospective study in 2019-2020 will also be conducted. The investigators will include all patients diagnosed with an hematological/oncological disease or with any immunosuppressive condition, who have a positive detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile. Patients will be followed for at least 2 months. For each patient a protocol data will be filled prospectively.
Children in resource-limited settings who develop illness at night are often isolated from pre-emergency care, resulting in progression to an emergency because families are forced to wait until morning to seek care. This is especially true in Haiti based on needs assessments (INACT Part 1; INACT1) surrounding access to healthcare. This study (INACT Part 2; INACT2) seeks to improve access to care by establishing a health hotline (healthline) and mobile pharmacy for families with children who become ill at nighttime. The healthline will be staffed by medical professionals and will provide phone based assessment and treatment recommendations based on standard of care practices according to Haitian and WHO guidelines. The healthline will focus on pre-emergency patients (those without danger signs as defined by WHO guidelines). Emergent patients will be advised to bypass the healthline and seek immediate care at the nearest medical facility. In the event that a non-emergent patient requires access to basic medications or fluids and is logistically accessible, the mobile pharmacy service will be offered. The specific aims of the study are as follows: Aim I. Evaluate congruence between healthline assessment over the phone and in-person assessment of participants (patients using the healthline) 10 years of age and younger. The investigators hypothesize that in-person assessments based on WHO guidelines will be discordant with those made by the healthline because the physical aspects of the call-center assessment will be performed by an untrained parent/ guardian. The study focuses on acute diarrheal disease (ADD) and acute respiratory illness (ARI) but is not exclusive to these two chief complaints. Aim II: Identify determinants that correlate with seeking care at a medical facility over the 8-12 day follow up period after the initial call. The findings from this study will determine if a healthline model is a safe and accurate method of providing high quality access to nighttime healthcare, averting the progression of non-emergent cases to emergencies.