View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of a Shigella flexneri 2a detoxified artificial invasin complex (Invaplex[AR-Detox]) vaccine candidate administered by intramuscular immunization.
Patients with traveller's diarrhoea frequently harbour Extended Spectrum Betalactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) returning from EPE-endemic areas. This study investigates to what extent travellers returning to Sweden with traveller's diarrhoea carry ESBL in their stool. The isolates are examined further according to species, phenotype, antibiogram and whole genome sequencing.
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of 3 days of azithromycin (AZI) compared to 3 days of ciprofloxacin (CIP) (standard-of-care) for the treatment of children hospitalised with dysentery in Ho Chi Minh City.
This is a double-blind, two period, two treatment crossover trial of ondansetron verses placebo studying the effects of ondansetron in the small and large bowel, specifically its effects on the amount of water in the gut, measured by MRI.
While household-level water, sanitation and hygiene has been investigated extensively, this is the first comprehensive study to investigate the impact of improved water, sanitation and hygiene and nutrition at household on child health in Yemen.
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a treatment that restores the balance of gut bacteria and is the most effective treatment for patients who suffer from recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) brought on by antibiotic use. Although highly effective, we do not understand how FMT actually works. Freeze-dried or lyophilized fecal microbiota transplant (LFMT) has been shown to be effective. Recently, filtered fecal slurry, free of any live bacteria, has also been shown to cure 5 such patients. The advantage of the filtered fecal slurry is that it may be safer to patients as it does not contain any live bacteria. We have conducted a pilot study comparing LFMT to lyophilized sterile fecal filtrate (LSFF) in 9 patients, and found that the success rate of treatment was 80% vs 75% in these 2 groups. Therefore we need to perform a larger multicenter study to compare LFMT to LSFF to determine the success rate of curing these patients.
The focus of the study is to better understand the mechanisms causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and how probiotics may prevent some of the iatrogenic effects of antibiotic medications. One of the most common indications for probiotics is for prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Clinically, different probiotic strains have demonstrated the ability to prevent AAD; however, the mechanism of action behind this effect has not been elucidated. Data from several studies suggest that antibiotic-induced disruption of commensal bacteria in the colon results in a significant (up to 50%) reduction in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and a concomitant reduction in Na-dependent fluid absorption resulting in AAD. Probiotics have been shown to ameliorate a variety of gastrointestinal disease states and thus, the study investigators hypothesize that administration of a probiotic yogurt will protect against the development of AAD.
This is a Phase II b, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in healthy adults (age 18-65 years) to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, different diagnostic tools and efficacy of ETVAX. Participants will travel to Grand Popo, Africa for 12 days. Prior travelling participants will be vaccinated with two doses of vaccine or placebo. Vaccine Preventable Outcome will be identified and then characterized as to incidence, duration, severity and frequency of Moderate or Severe Travellers diarrhea. Health related information and assessments will be recorded during the travel.
Primary Objective: To assess how an amino acid based medical food (Enterade®) helps maintain the intestine's ability to absorb and retain fluids, leading to a reduction in diarrhea due to Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) and/or Carcinoid Syndrome. This improvement in the absorption will be assessed in part by evaluating changes in average daily stool frequency from baseline in patients receiving Enterade®. Each subject serves as his or her own control. Secondary Objectives: - To assess subject reported health-related quality of life in subjects before and after compound administration. - To characterize the side effect profile and tolerability of Enterade® as measured by the number of total 8-oz Enterade® bottles consumed throughout the trial, and average drinks per day. - To evaluate changes in serum electrolytes before and after administration of Eenterade®. - To assess intravenous fluid requirement and/or hospitalization for dehydration secondary to diarrhea between control observation period and active Enterade® period. - To evaluate difference in utilization of standard-of-care anti-diarrheal medications between control observation period and Enterade® period. - To compare subjective feeling of bloating and flatulence before and after administration of Enterade®. - To evaluate changes in patient weight before and after administration of Enterade®.
BACKGROUND. Diarrhea is ubiquitous, particularly among people in low- and middle-income countries. Unsafe drinking water, poor sanitation, and insufficient hygiene are responsible for nearly 90% of diarrhea-related mortalities. Despite extensive knowledge that has been obtained in recent years, there is no consensus as to the most efficacious approach to improve Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene behavior and health. With this study, we want to determine whether multi-faceted contextualized and non-contextualized WASH interventions have a differential impact. OBJECTIVES. The primary objective is to determine the effectiveness of a contextualized and non-contextualized add-on intervention for improving hand washing (HW) behavior. Secondary objectives include the impact on latrine use, health, coverage of HW and latrine infrastructure, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.