Effect of Hypertonic Sodium Lactate on sVCAM-1 Level as Surrogate Marker of Endothelial Capillary Leakage in Pediatric Dengue Shock Syndrome Patients (DSS)

Dengue Shock Syndrome Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Effect of Hypertonic Sodium Lactate on sVCAM-1 Level as a Surrogate Marker of Endothelial Capillary Leakage in Pediatric Dengue Shock Syndrome Patients

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00966628
• Other study ID #: 006/IGK-KAL/08
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 3
• First received: August 26, 2009
• Last updated: August 27, 2009
• Start date: May 2008
• Est. completion date: December 2009

Study information

• Verified date: August 2009
• Source: Innogene Kalbiotech Pte. Ltd
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Indonesia: National Agency of Drug and Food Control
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) are among the leading causes of pediatric hospitalization in Asia.Mortality rates range from 1% at centres experienced in fluid resuscitation, to upto 44% in established shock.The mainstay of DSS treatment is prompt, vigorous fluid resuscitation with isotonic crystalloid solutions, followed by plasma or colloid solutions for profound or continuing shock. However, this administration is often associated with fluid overload and induces edema in these patients.

Hence, we planned a parallel, randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and safety of solution containing half molar sodium lactate (Totilac™) with standard treatment(isotonic crystalloid Ringer's Lactate) in pediatric Dengue Shock Syndrome patients, using plasma soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule(sVCAM-1) levels as an indicator.

Hypertonic solutions restore hemodynamic status rapidly with increased cardiac performance and improved tissue perfusion. This is obtained with much smaller volumes.We plan to assess the efficacy and safety of hypertonic sodium lactate in resuscitation of DHF/DSS patients.

Description:

Dengue affects an estimated 100 million people worldwide annually and is endemic in parts of Asia and the Americas, with increased incidence reported from many tropical countries recently.Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) are among the leading causes of pediatric hospitalization in Asia.Mortality rates range from 1% at centres experienced in fluid resuscitation, to upto 44% in established shock.

The mainstay of DSS treatment is prompt, vigorous fluid resuscitation with isotonic crystalloid solutions, followed by plasma or colloid solutions for profound or continuing shock. If appropriate volume resuscitation is started at an early stage, DSS is usually reversible. Patients who do not receive a proper treatment usually die within 12-24 hours after shock ensues. However, this administration is often associated with fluid overload and induces edema in these patients.

During hypovolemia in DHF/DSS, systemic hemodynamics and microcirculation are impaired, subsequently triggering a vicious cycle of progressive tissue damage that finally may lead to development of multiple organ failure. By adequately restoring intravascular volume, organ perfusion may be guaranteed, nutritive microcirculatory flow may be improved, and activation of a complex series of damaging cascades may be avoided.A solution that can rapidly restore systemic hemodynamic and improve microcirculation may be more beneficial in DHF/DSS patients.

Hypertonic solutions restore hemodynamic status rapidly with increased cardiac performance and improved tissue perfusion indicated by better urine output and tissue oxygenation. This is obtained with much smaller volumes.High lactate contained in hypertonic sodium lactate also functions as an alternate energy substrate.

However, the effects of hypertonic solution for resuscitating DHF/DSS patients have not yet investigated.Hence, we planned a parallel, randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and safety of solution containing half molar sodium lactate (Totilac™) with standard treatment(isotonic crystalloid Ringer's Lactate) in resuscitating pediatric Dengue Shock Syndrome patients, using plasma soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule(sVCAM-1) levels as an indicator of capillary endothelial leakage, which frequently occurs in DHF/DSS.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 50
• Est. completion date: December 2009
• Est. primary completion date: April 2009
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 2 Years to 14 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pediatric patients with dengue shock syndrome

• Ages 2-14 years

• Resuscitation treatment naïve for DSS

• Fulfill WHO criteria for dengue shock syndrome

• Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with history of nephritic syndrome or severe renal impairment (creatinine > 2 mg/dL ), severe liver impairment (SGOT & SGPT > 2x normal), chronic diarrhea, severe malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, and history of hematological disorder based on anamnesis, physical examination, and/or lab exam.

• Patients who are confirmed to have suffered viral or bacterial infection based on anamnesis, physical examination, and lab exam

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Dengue
• Dengue Shock Syndrome
• Severe Dengue
• Shock
• Syndrome

Intervention

Drug:
• Hypertonic sodium lactate
Hypertonic sodium lactate 5 ml/kg BW administered within 15 minutes to restore hemodynamic status. If shock state did not recover with first infusion, study solution infused again at same dose. After recovery from shock state, patients receive maintenance dose at 1 mL/kgBW/hour for 12 hours. After 12 hr. infusion with study fluid, patients receive RL infusion as per standard protocol of DSS management at site.In case of repeated shock within 12 hours, study drugs can be infused again. If patient still not recovered from shock state, the patients will be given HES (Hydroxy-Ethyl Starch) infusion at dose of 20 mL/kgBW/15-30 min with maximum dose of 50 mL/kgBW/24 hours.
• Ringer's lactate
Ringer lactate infused at dose 20 mL/kgBW within 15 minutes to restore hemodynamic status. If shock state did not recover with first infusion, study fluid infused again at same dose. After recovery from shock, patient received maintenance dose of RL. In case of repeated shock, patients received HES (Hydroxy-Ethyl Starch) infusion at dose of 20 mL/kgBW/15-30 min with maximum dose of 50 mL/kgBW/24 hours.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Indonesia	Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Dept. of Pediatrics	Bandung	West Java

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Innogene Kalbiotech Pte. Ltd

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Indonesia, 

References & Publications (20)

Ampaiwan Chuansumrit, MD & Kanchana Tangnararatchakit, MD, Pathophysiology and management of dengue hemorrhagic fever, Journal Compilation, 2006. Transfusion Alternatives in Transfusion Medicine 8 (Suppl. 1), 3-11

Avirutnan P, Malasit P, Seliger B, Bhakdi S, Husmann M. Dengue virus infection of human endothelial cells leads to chemokine production, complement activation, and apoptosis. J Immunol. 1998 Dec 1;161(11):6338-46. — View Citation

Bethell DB, Gamble J, Pham PL, Nguyen MD, Tran TH, Ha TH, Tran TN, Dong TH, Gartside IB, White NJ, Day NP. Noninvasive measurement of microvascular leakage in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Jan 15;32(2):243-53. Epub 2001 Jan 15. — View Citation

Boldt J. New light on intravascular volume replacement regimens: what did we learn from the past three years? Anesth Analg. 2003 Dec;97(6):1595-604. Review. — View Citation

Gubler DJ. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jul;11(3):480-96. Review. — View Citation

Jiang G, Klein JD, O'Neill WC. Growth factors stimulate the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter NKCC1 through a novel Cl(-)-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2001 Dec;281(6):C1948-53. — View Citation

Lawn SD, Tilley R, Lloyd G, Finlayson C, Tolley H, Newman P, Rice P, Harrison TS. Dengue hemorrhagic fever with fulminant hepatic failure in an immigrant returning to Bangladesh. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Jul 1;37(1):e1-4. Epub 2003 Jun 25. — View Citation

Leverve XM, Boon C, Hakim T, Anwar M, Siregar E, Mustafa I. Half-molar sodium-lactate solution has a beneficial effect in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. Intensive Care Med. 2008 Oct;34(10):1796-803. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1165-x. Epub 2008 Jun 18. — View Citation

Leverve XM, Mustafa I. Lactate: A key metabolite in the intercellular metabolic interplay. Crit Care. 2002 Aug;6(4):284-5. Epub 2002 Jul 8. — View Citation

Murgue B, Cassar O, Deparis X. Plasma concentrations of sVCAM-1 and severity of dengue infections. J Med Virol. 2001 Sep;65(1):97-104. — View Citation

Mustafa I, Leverve XM. Metabolic and hemodynamic effects of hypertonic solutions: sodium-lactate versus sodium chloride infusion in postoperative patients. Shock. 2002 Oct;18(4):306-10. — View Citation

Ngo NT, Cao XT, Kneen R, Wills B, Nguyen VM, Nguyen TQ, Chu VT, Nguyen TT, Simpson JA, Solomon T, White NJ, Farrar J. Acute management of dengue shock syndrome: a randomized double-blind comparison of 4 intravenous fluid regimens in the first hour. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Jan 15;32(2):204-13. Epub 2001 Jan 15. — View Citation

O'Neill WC. Physiological significance of volume-regulatory transporters. Am J Physiol. 1999 May;276(5 Pt 1):C995-C1011. Review. — View Citation

Rocha-e-Silva M, Poli de Figueiredo LF. Small volume hypertonic resuscitation of circulatory shock. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2005 Apr;60(2):159-72. Epub 2005 Apr 26. Review. — View Citation

Schierhout G, Roberts I. Fluid resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid solutions in critically ill patients: a systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ. 1998 Mar 28;316(7136):961-4. — View Citation

Svensen CH. Hypertonic Solutions: An Update. ITACCS Clinical Issues. 2002, 6 -12

Tan TS, Tan KH, Ng HP, Loh MW. The effects of hypertonic saline solution (7.5%) on coagulation and fibrinolysis: an in vitro assessment using thromboelastography. Anaesthesia. 2002 Jul;57(7):644-8. — View Citation

Valero N, Espina LM, Añez G, Torres E, Mosquera JA. Short report: increased level of serum nitric oxide in patients with dengue. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Jun;66(6):762-4. — View Citation

Wills BA, Nguyen MD, Ha TL, Dong TH, Tran TN, Le TT, Tran VD, Nguyen TH, Nguyen VC, Stepniewska K, White NJ, Farrar JJ. Comparison of three fluid solutions for resuscitation in dengue shock syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 1;353(9):877-89. — View Citation

World Health Organization, Dengue, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome in the Context of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness, 2005

* Note: There are 20 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	To assess the effect of solution containing half molar sodium lactate (Totilac™) infusion on the plasma sVCAM-1 level		sVCAM-1 levels measured before resuscitation, after 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours & 48 hours post resuscitation	No
Secondary	To assess the effect of solution containing half molar sodium lactate (Totilac™) infusion on other efficacy and safety parameters		Hemodynamic parameters monitored hourly. Lab parameters measured 1 hour post resuscitation and every 3 hours thereafter, based on disease severity, upto 12 hours post resuscitation. Serology exams also done at day 5 from fever onset or thereafter.	Yes