Rare Genetic Disorders of the Breathing Airways

Cystic Fibrosis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Rare Genetic Disorders of the Airways: Cross-sectional Comparison of Clinical Features, and Development of Novel Screening and Genetic Tests

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00323167
• Other study ID #: 05-2979
• Secondary ID: U54RR019480RDCRN
• Status: Completed
• Start date: May 2006
• Est. completion date: October 2012

Study information

• Verified date: August 2022
• Source: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Mucociliary clearance, in which mucus secretions are cleared from the breathing airways, is the primary defense mechanism for the lungs. Inhaled particles, including microbes that can cause infections, are normally entrapped in mucus on the airway surfaces and then cleared out by the coordinated action of tiny hair-like structures called cilia. Individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia, variant cystic fibrosis, and pseudohypoaldosteronism have defective mucociliary clearance. The purpose of this study is to collect clinical and genetic information about these three airway diseases to improve current diagnostic procedures.

Description:

Two types of genetic diseases are associated with abnormal mucociliary clearance. The first type results in defective ciliary function and includes primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), also known as Kartagener Syndrome. The second type results in defective ion transportation and includes variant cystic fibrosis (CF) and pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA). The clinical manifestations of these three diseases overlap, and current evaluation procedures are inadequate for an accurate and timely diagnosis. A delayed diagnosis, coupled with poorly defined disease categories, results in sub-optimal treatment regimens. The purpose of this study is to better define the clinical and genetic features of PCD, variant CF, and PHA to develop improved diagnostic procedures. The study will also compare prevalence and age-related information among the three diseases and classic CF. Outcomes of this study may lead to improved clinical care and novel therapeutic approaches for rare genetic disorders of the airways. Prior to study entry, previous clinical data on all participants will be reviewed to ensure that individuals do not have common variants of asthma. In some cases, further clinical evaluation (sweat chloride testing, immunodeficiency testing, and a high-resolution computed tomography scan) may be recommended. Eligible participants will attend an initial six-hour study visit similar to a standard diagnostic evaluation. The participant's medical history will be reviewed and a physical examination will include height, weight, and vital sign measurements. Respiratory cultures, nasal samples, and blood will be collected. Non-invasive techniques will be used to measure oxyhemoglobin saturation levels and airflow; a chest x-ray will be required if none has been done in the last six months. If a firm diagnosis of PCD or variant CF has not been established after completion of the first study visit, the participant may return for additional visits. Salivary and semen samples may be collected from some individuals. A sweat chloride test and nasal potential difference test may also be performed.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 367
• Est. completion date: October 2012
• Est. primary completion date: October 2012
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Received a standard diagnostic evaluation prior to study entry that resulted in one of

the following three profiles:

1. High likelihood of PCD diagnosis, based on ciliary ultrastructural changes seen on electron microscopy or clinical features (chronic sinopulmonary disease, chronic otitis media, history of neonatal respiratory distress or situs inversus) OR one clinical feature of PCD and a sibling with PCD

2. Chronic sino-pulmonary disease with clinical features that overlap with variant CF and PCD, but with diagnostic tests that rule out classical CF (sweat chloride testing and CF gene mutation screening)

3. Known or suspected PHA (or variant PHA), possibly including elevated (or borderline) sweat chloride values

Exclusion Criteria:

• Has not received a standard clinical evaluation to rule out other disorders associated with chronic sino-pulmonary disease

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Ciliary Motility Disorders
• Cystic Fibrosis
• Dyskinesias
• Fibrosis
• Genetic Diseases, Inborn
• Kartagener Syndrome
• Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
• Pseudohypoaldosteronism

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	St. Michael's Hospital	Toronto	Ontario
Canada	The Hospital for Sick Children	Toronto	Ontario
United States	Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID	Bethesda	Maryland
United States	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	Chapel Hill	North Carolina
United States	National Jewish Health	Denver	Colorado
United States	The Children's Hospital	Denver	Colorado
United States	Stanford University	Palo Alto	California
United States	Washington University	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center	Seattle	Washington

Sponsors (4)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill	National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Canada, 

References & Publications (26)

Davis SD, Knowles M, Leigh M. Introduction: primary ciliary dyskinesia and overlapping syndromes. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):421-2. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-026SD. — View Citation

Ferkol T, Leigh M. Primary ciliary dyskinesia and newborn respiratory distress. Semin Perinatol. 2006 Dec;30(6):335-40. Review. — View Citation

Ferkol TW, Leigh MW. Ciliopathies: the central role of cilia in a spectrum of pediatric disorders. J Pediatr. 2012 Mar;160(3):366-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.11.024. Epub 2011 Dec 16. Review. — View Citation

Ferkol TW, Puffenberger EG, Lie H, Helms C, Strauss KA, Bowcock A, Carson JL, Hazucha M, Morton DH, Patel AC, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA. Primary ciliary dyskinesia-causing mutations in Amish and Mennonite communities. J Pediatr. 2013 Aug;163(2):38 — View Citation

Fliegauf M, Olbrich H, Horvath J, Wildhaber JH, Zariwala MA, Kennedy M, Knowles MR, Omran H. Mislocalization of DNAH5 and DNAH9 in respiratory cells from patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Jun 15;171(12):1343-9. Epub 2005 Mar 4. — View Citation

Horani A, Druley TE, Zariwala MA, Patel AC, Levinson BT, Van Arendonk LG, Thornton KC, Giacalone JC, Albee AJ, Wilson KS, Turner EH, Nickerson DA, Shendure J, Bayly PV, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Brody SL, Dutcher SK, Ferkol TW. Whole-exome capture and sequenc — View Citation

Hornef N, Olbrich H, Horvath J, Zariwala MA, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Wildhaber J, Noone PG, Kennedy M, Antonarakis SE, Blouin JL, Bartoloni L, Nüsslein T, Ahrens P, Griese M, Kuhl H, Sudbrak R, Knowles MR, Reinhardt R, Omran H. DNAH5 mutations are a common cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia with outer dynein arm defects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Jul 15;174(2):120-6. Epub 2006 Apr 20. — View Citation

Horváth J, Fliegauf M, Olbrich H, Kispert A, King SM, Mitchison H, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Sudbrak R, Fekete G, Neesen J, Reinhardt R, Omran H. Identification and analysis of axonemal dynein light chain 1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2005 Jul;33(1):41-7. Epub 2005 Apr 21. — View Citation

Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Carson J, Molina PL, Ghio A, Zariwala MA, Minnix SL, Knowles MR. Calcium stone lithoptysis in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Respir Med. 2007 Jan;101(1):76-83. Epub 2006 Jun 6. — View Citation

Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Leigh MW, Zariwala MA, Minnix SL, Knowles MR, Molina PL. High-resolution CT of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007 May;188(5):1232-8. — View Citation

Kennedy MP, Omran H, Leigh MW, Dell S, Morgan L, Molina PL, Robinson BV, Minnix SL, Olbrich H, Severin T, Ahrens P, Lange L, Morillas HN, Noone PG, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR. Congenital heart disease and other heterotaxic defects in a large cohort of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Circulation. 2007 Jun 5;115(22):2814-21. Epub 2007 May 21. — View Citation

Kennedy MP, Ostrowski LE. Primary ciliary dyskinesia and upper airway diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006 Nov;6(6):513-7. Review. — View Citation

Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Carson JL, Davis SD, Dell SD, Ferkol TW, Olivier KN, Sagel SD, Rosenfeld M, Burns KA, Minnix SL, Armstrong MC, Lori A, Hazucha MJ, Loges NT, Olbrich H, Becker-Heck A, Schmidts M, Werner C, Omran H, Zariwala MA; Genetic Disorders of M — View Citation

Knowles MR, Leigh MW, Zariwala MA. Cutting edge genetic studies in primary ciliary dyskinesia. Thorax. 2012 May;67(5):464; author reply 464. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201609. Epub 2012 Feb 10. — View Citation

Leigh MW, O'Callaghan C, Knowles MR. The challenges of diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):434-7. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-028SD. Review. — View Citation

Leigh MW, Pittman JE, Carson JL, Ferkol TW, Dell SD, Davis SD, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA. Clinical and genetic aspects of primary ciliary dyskinesia/Kartagener syndrome. Genet Med. 2009 Jul;11(7):473-87. doi: 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181a53562. Review. — View Citation

Loges NT, Olbrich H, Becker-Heck A, Häffner K, Heer A, Reinhard C, Schmidts M, Kispert A, Zariwala MA, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zentgraf H, Seithe H, Nürnberg G, Nürnberg P, Reinhardt R, Omran H. Deletions and point mutations of LRRC50 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia due to dynein arm defects. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Dec;85(6):883-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.018. — View Citation

Mateos-Corral D, Coombs R, Grasemann H, Ratjen F, Dell SD. Diagnostic value of nasal nitric oxide measured with non-velum closure techniques for children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. J Pediatr. 2011 Sep;159(3):420-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.03.007. — View Citation

Morillas HN, Zariwala M, Knowles MR. Genetic causes of bronchiectasis: primary ciliary dyskinesia. Respiration. 2007;74(3):252-63. Review. — View Citation

Nakhleh N, Francis R, Giese RA, Tian X, Li Y, Zariwala MA, Yagi H, Khalifa O, Kureshi S, Chatterjee B, Sabol SL, Swisher M, Connelly PS, Daniels MP, Srinivasan A, Kuehl K, Kravitz N, Burns K, Sami I, Omran H, Barmada M, Olivier K, Chawla KK, Leigh M, Jona — View Citation

Sagel SD, Davis SD, Campisi P, Dell SD. Update of respiratory tract disease in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):438-43. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-024SD. Review. — View Citation

Stillwell PC, Wartchow EP, Sagel SD. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Children: A Review for Pediatricians, Allergists, and Pediatric Pulmonologists. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2011 Dec;24(4):191-196. — View Citation

Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Leigh MW. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. 2007 Jan 24 [updated 2019 Dec 5]. In: Adam MP, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH, Gripp KW, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2022. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1122/ — View Citation

Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Omran H. Genetic defects in ciliary structure and function. Annu Rev Physiol. 2007;69:423-50. Review. — View Citation

Zariwala MA, Leigh MW, Ceppa F, Kennedy MP, Noone PG, Carson JL, Hazucha MJ, Lori A, Horvath J, Olbrich H, Loges NT, Bridoux AM, Pennarun G, Duriez B, Escudier E, Mitchison HM, Chodhari R, Chung EM, Morgan LC, de Iongh RU, Rutland J, Pradal U, Omran H, Amselem S, Knowles MR. Mutations of DNAI1 in primary ciliary dyskinesia: evidence of founder effect in a common mutation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Oct 15;174(8):858-66. Epub 2006 Jul 20. — View Citation

Zariwala MA, Omran H, Ferkol TW. The emerging genetics of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011 Sep;8(5):430-3. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-023SD. Review. — View Citation

* Note: There are 26 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	This is not an interventional study	Not applicable. This is not an interventional study.	This is not an interventional study