View clinical trials related to Cross Infection.
Filter by:This prospective, randomized, controlled trial will compare the incidence of nosocomial infections (composite of primary bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and surgical site infections) that occur in intensive care unit (ICU) patients bathed with 2% chlorhexidine solution versus patients who receive standard bathing (soap and water or non-medicated cloths).
Enhanced terminal room disinfection is a novel, promising, but still unproven strategy for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) due to selected multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens. The investigators will perform a large prospective, multicenter study enhanced terminal room disinfection to 1) determine the efficacy and feasibility of enhanced terminal room disinfection strategies to prevent HAIs and 2) determine the impact of environmental contamination on acquisition of MDR-pathogens among hospitalized patients.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cohort isolation of RS(respiratory syncytial virus)-positive bronchiolitis versus RS-negative bronchiolitis on prevention of co-infection and clinical disease severity. Furthermore the investigators want to elucidate general epidemiological data on bronchiolitis concerning viral causes and the associated clinical severity. The investigators want to conduct a prospective cohort study, comparing incidence of co-infection and clinical severity, in two cohort: one with isolation of RS positive bronchiolitis as a separate cohort within bronchiolitis and one without isolation (all children with RS-negative bronchiolitis are nursed together independent of viral agent)
Most literature on ICU infections and the resistant patterns comes from the western literature. This data may not truly reflect the incidence, epidemiology and resistance patterns in developing countries such as India. However, empiric antibiotic therapy is generally initiated using western guidelines. This can potentially lead to inadequate, inappropriate and ineffective empiric antibiotic therapy for ICU infections in the Indian setting. Hence in this multi-center observational study, we seek to: 1. To determine the incidence of ICU-related infections (VAP, CAUTI and CRBSI) in India 2. To explore the microbiology, resistance and treatment patterns of these infections
The purpose of this study is to determine whether oral probiotic supplementation could reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in preterm infants.
Severe bacterial infections are associated with mortality of about 30%. Patients with moderate to severe bacterial infections given early and appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment are at a lesser risk for a fatal outcome, with odds ratios ranging from 1.6 to 6.9. However only about 2/3 of patients worldwide are given early and appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment. About 40% of patients treated with antibiotics are given superfluous treatment. TREAT is a computerized decision support system for antibiotic treatment in inpatients with common bacterial infections. TREAT is based on a state of the art stochastic model of the domain (a causal probabilistic network) and uses a cost benefit model for antibiotic treatment, including costs assigned to future resistance. It was tested in a randomized controlled trial in 3 countries and shown to improve the percentage of appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment while at the same time reduce hospital stay and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The main limitation of TREAT is inherent in the limited information available within hours of presentation. A second attractive approach to improve antibiotic treatment is to use techniques that do not depend on cultures, and thus shorten the time to identification of the pathogen to a few hours only. The LightCycler® SeptiFast test from Roche performs in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for pathogens causing bloodstream infections. The purpose of the clinical trial is to show that the combined system TREAT/PCR assays will improve the outcome of inpatients with moderate to severe bacterial infections, while at the same time reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, with no or little additional costs. A secondary objective will be to assess the sensitivity and specificity of whole blood PCR, using TREAT as the reference standard.
Development of stroke associated pneumonia (SAP) has a detrimental effect on stroke outcome. Biomarker-guided antibiotic treatment of patients at high risk for pneumonia may help to improve stroke outcome. Therefore, the investigators will evaluate whether intensified infection monitoring via Procalcitonin guiding an early standardized antibiotic treatment improves functional outcome after stroke compared with standard therapy based on current guidelines.
Indwelling urinary catheters are a primary site for nosocomial infections. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-adhesive properties of Cranberry type A pro anthocyanidine gel capsules in the prevention Escherichia coli infections on indwelling urinary catheters placed in patients following pelvic surgery. The investigators primary working hypothesis is that cranberry treatment decreases E. coli colonization on indwelling urinary catheters, thus preventing nosocomial urinary infections following pelvic surgery.
The purpose of the study is to determine the best ways to prevent infections after heart surgery. Participation in the study will last at most 3 months after heart surgery. The study will only collect information about the care patients receive during the planned surgery. No new testing or procedures will be done. Patients will receive only the tests or procedures the doctor already has planned. This kind of study is an observational study, because all that is planned to do is observe the care patients receive and how well they do during treatment. The information collected should help to improve the quality of surgical care in the future.
Evaluate the efficacy of a multimodal hand hygiene system in the intensive care unit environment and evaluate any impact on health care associated infections.