There are about 21062 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Italy. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Chronic pain is a serious disorder that causes physical suffering and emotional distress. NK cells are cytotoxic granular cells playing a crucial role in innate immunity. Recent studies described modulation of the percentage of B lymphocytes and NK cells expressing the μ opioid receptor as a potential marker for measuring pain. Neuropathic pain sufferers have decreased NK cell function, highlighting the need of further investigating the effect of opioid receptor expression on lympoid cells defining their potential relevance as a pain monitor marker. Opioid receptors expressed on NK, B and T cells are a possible candidate for objective monitoring of pain in patients.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether the topical application of Novox® Drop on surgical wounds after the extraction of lower third molars can have a clinical advantage. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the possible reduction of masseteric trismus (masticatory muscle spasm - primary outcome) and of post-operative pain and facial edema (swelling - secondary outcomes) after the extraction of impacted third molars compared to those who do not use it (placebo=glycerin-based gel).
The objective of this prospective observational study is to investigate the incidence of Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) in patients receiving antiresorptive drugs for oncohematologic reasons during a 5-year follow-up. Secondary objectives are to compare the different antiresorptive drugs in relation to the incidence of MRONJ and to identify any systemic as well as local risk factors.
This study aims at improving knowledge about the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and treatment with growth hormone (GH), with the goal of providing information on the presence of new biomarkers, such as miRNAs, for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, with the goal of establishing a personalized GH treatment scheme, optimizing resources, reducing costs, and improving outcomes.
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neurological disease caused by autoantibodies primarily directed against components of the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction. Approximately 85% of patients have antibodies directed against the acetylcholine receptor (anti-AChR). Anti-AChR antibodies act through three distinct mechanisms: 1. Activation of the classical complement pathway: Formation of membrane-attack complexes (MACs) results in the destruction of the postsynaptic membrane. 2. Mechanical blockade: Anti-AChR antibodies block the acetylcholine binding site on its receptor. 3. Internalization and lysosomal degradation: Bivalent IgG causes cross-linking of adjacent receptors leading to internalization and degradation of AChRs (antigenic modulation). Patient mortality has significantly reduced due to effective treatments preventing severe exacerbations of myasthenic symptoms. In the past five years, the FDA and EMA have approved complement inhibitors for the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis with anti-AChR antibody positivity. Eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, binds to the complement fragment C5, inhibiting its cleavage into C5a and C5b, and preventing the formation of the terminal complement complex C5b-9 (MAC). Currently, Eculizumab is approved in Italy for generalized myasthenia gravis associated with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody positivity. This class of drugs is generally more effective than conventional immunosuppressive therapies, though it comes with higher costs. There is heterogeneity among patients in their response to complement inhibitor therapies. Currently, there is no specific evidence indicating which patients may benefit most from this class of treatments. Personalized therapy, considering the predominant pathogenic mechanisms of anti-AChR in individual patients, seems necessary. Interindividual heterogeneity in the autoantibody repertoire could underlie different responses to complement inhibitor therapies. For example, inhibition of the complement cascade in patients whose autoantibodies also block receptors might result in an unsatisfactory treatment response. Moreover, C5 gene polymorphisms could explain a lack of response to these new drugs. Investigating the immune, genetic, and cellular profile of myasthenic patients eligible for these new pharmacological therapies could be useful for identifying predictive markers of response and personalizing therapeutic choices.
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and qualitative alteration of the skeleton, resulting in increased bone fragility and fracture risk. The epidemiological impact of osteoporosis is extremely high. Proper diagnosis and clinical management of osteoporosis are critical to reducing the incidence of fragility fractures and preventing their complications. The diagnosis is generally confirmed by instrumental analysis of bone mineral density. The standard method is X-ray bone densitometry (DXA), which allows diagnosis based on criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) by virtue of the T-score. DXA is a relatively quick and inexpensive examination with low exposure to ionizing radiation. However, this method has limitations in detecting fracture risk, and in addition, not all patients are properly referred for DXA services, which, among other things, require specific criteria to be reimbursed by the National Health System. Currently, computed tomography (CT) scanning is the most widely used three-dimensional diagnostic modality in clinical practice, and the number of investigations performed in high-income countries is continuously growing. Quantitative assessment of bone mineral density by CT is possible by proper calibration of the machine for the purpose of converting the CT numbers (or Hounsfield units) measured by the scanner into BMD units.
The goal of this observational study is to learn about the population of chronically critical ill patients who refer to respiratory rehabilitation units. The main questions it aims to answer are: - what are the clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of the population of chronically critical ill patients who refer to respiratory rehabilitation units after hospital admission with the need for prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy? - what is the response of this patient population to respiratory rehabilitation treatment in terms of functional recovery, weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation, weaning from tracheostomy tube, mortality and return to home? - are there any appreciable indices at admission and/or in the first period of hospitalization which may have a prognostic significance both on short-term objectives (weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation, weaning from the tracheostomy tube) and in the medium-long term (survival, state of health)? Participants will be subjected to a rehabilitation and weaning program consisting of: - physical therapy, - speech therapy, - nutritional assessment and therapy, - in subjects on invasive mechanical ventilation at admission a program of weaning and, if needed, shift from invasive to Non-Invasive Ventilation will be performed.
This is a prospective, observational, monocentric study. This study wants to test if among a smoking cessation intervention, behavioural counselling by video session is related to higher compliance and higher success rate than standard smoking cessation activity (face to face counselling).
This pilot study aims at networking the experience gained in neurorehabilitation of developmental neurodisabilities from the 3 poles of IRCCS Medea (Brindisi, Bosisio Parini, and Conegliano) to assess the feasibility of performing home-based telerehabilitation on cognitive and motor aspects through the Khymeia Virtual Reality Rehabilitation System (VRRS) platform.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nipocalimab compared with placebo in reducing the risk of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT).