View clinical trials related to Costs and Cost Analysis.
Filter by:The goal of this study is to evaluate whether presenting patient out-of-pocket cost information to the provider at the time of prescribing leads to orders for medications with lower out-of-pocket costs. The Real-Time Prescription Benefits (RTPB) tool has been implemented to randomly selected providers across NYU Langone Health's outpatient physician practices. The RTPB tool provides physicians with information about patient out-of-pocket (OOP) cost for medications at the point of outpatient prescribing. OOP is inclusive of any copay, coinsurance, and deductible that the patient owes given their prescription drug benefit plan. If the physician is submitting a prescription order and a clinically-appropriate alternative with a lower OOP cost is available, an alert with OOP cost information for the drug being initially ordered as well as up to three lower-cost alternatives will be displayed. Implementation of this tool will be analyzed to see if it will lead to reduced out-of-pocket costs on ordered medications when alternatives were available. Because effects could vary along many dimensions (e.g., specialty, drug class, insurance type), secondary analyses will be conducted and stratified along such dimensions. Analyses will be conducted at the prescription order level.
This study evaluates the Community for Successful Ageing (ComSA) Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), a model of community-based primary care geriatric hub at Whampoa, Singapore.
Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet is one of the most common malocclusions among children and adolescents. The overall goal of the project is to analyze orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet when the treatment is started in different ages and treated with removable and/or fixed appliance. Treatment initiated before the age of eleven is performed with a removable functional appliance, Headgear Activator (HGA). Treatment starting in early adolescence is performed with fixed orthodontic appliance (FA). The hypotheses are: - Treatment with HGA at the age of nine or eleven is effective. No spontaneous correction of the malocclusion is expected in the untreated control group. - Patient experience, treatment effect and cost-effectiveness are equivalent whether the treatment with HGA is initiated at the age of nine or eleven. - Treatment results, patient experience and treatment- and cost-effectiveness are equivalent whether treatment is initiated early with HGA or initiated in early adolescence with FA. - The treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet renders long-term treatment stability and patient satisfaction.