View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:At the end of total joint replacement (TJR) surgery, surgeons wash and clean the surgical wound. This is done to lower the risk of infections. Currently, most surgeons use saline to wash the surgical wound and do not place antibiotics in the wound . However, some recent studies have shown that using povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine-based solutions (both are types of antiseptics) to wash the surgical site and placing antibiotics directly into the wound may be effective in reducing infections in TJR surgery compared to saline and no antibiotics. However, no study has determined which solution is better at reducing the number of infections in patients undergoing TJR. The investigators also do not know if the addition of antibiotics applied to the wound will decrease infections. Currently, there are no surgical guidelines around infection prevention in total joint replacement. A large scale, multi-site, pragmatic 3 x 2 factorial randomized controlled trial is need that compares these six treatment groups. However, before this, a smaller pilot study must be conducted to determine the feasibility of a larger study. PREVENT-iT will address these important gaps in knowledge and clinical practice.
This master protocol serves as a common reference for the inpatient and outpatient clinical studies that share common elements.
This multidisciplinary project aim to understand the epidemiology of the monkeypox in Central African Republic through the identification of the animal reservoir, the clinical and epidemiological description of the human outbreak, through an ethnological approach around risk factors of the disease and through an ecological approach of the ecological context of emergence, and the improvement of biological diagnosis.
Controlled, prospective, open-label trial with a total duration of 2 weeks to assess the clearance of inflammatory interleukins by different membranes in haemodialysis patients with COVID-19.
Surgical removal of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth is a frequent intervention, usually accompanied by unpleasant sequelae (pain, swelling and trismus) in the postoperative period, sometimes even with possibly serious complications (dry socket/alveolar osteitis and postoperative infection at the surgical site - SSI). It is therefore advisable to use various medications and procedures to prevent or alleviate the occurrence of these sequelae and complications. Accordingly, there is a debate in the literature on the expedience of perioperative (prophylactic) use of antibiotics. It is interesting that numerous articles recommending perioperative (prophylactic) antibiotic use to patients undergoing the impacted mandibular third molar surgery may be found, as well as those providing arguments for the disagreement with such an approach, considering that its benefits do not outweigh the risks of adverse side effects, especially due to growing resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics, which is a possible serious threat to global health. Concerning the perioperative (prophylactic) use of antibiotics for this indication, consensus has not yet been reached, and neither of the views has been verified by convincing scientific evidence. Having the aforementioned dilemma in mind, the main endpoint of the study was to determine the validity of perioperative (prophylactic) use of antibiotics as to alleviate customary sequelae and possible complications after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars and, at the same time, the effectiveness of newer antibiotics (moxifloxacin and cefixime) when used for this purpose. Moreover, microbiological investigations of susceptibility of the isolated microorganisms to antibiotics used in this research were performed, which could verify the clinically obtained results. With this in mind, two major contributions, based on scientifically verified results, could be expected from the research: (1) confirmation or refuting the validity of perioperative (prophylactic) antibiotic use to control sequelae or complications that could follow the impacted mandibular third molar surgery; and (2) confirmation of the efficacy of fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin) and cephalosporins (cefixime) in controlling odontogenic infections.
This is a Phase 1b/2a study with the primary objective to determine if BX004-A is safe and tolerable. Exploratory objectives include whether BX004-A reduces sputum Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) bacterial load in CF subjects with chronic PsA pulmonary infection.
There are different microbial communities on the surface of human body (skin, hair, nails, etc.) and in the cavity connected with the outside world. The human microbiota is the general term of the genetic information of microorganisms that coexist with human beings and cause various diseases under certain conditions. The results of human microbial genome analysis show that the microbial communities in different parts of the human body and different individuals have amazing diversity, some of which play an important role in human health, and some are closely related to diseases. Female lower genital tract infection is often associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and bacterial vaginosis (BV), such as cervical and vaginal precancerous lesions, cancer, condyloma acuminatum and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is closely related to the occurrence of invasive cervical cancer. New evidence suggests that vaginal microbiota composition is different in women with HR-HPV infection and high-grade cervical lesions. The increase of the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is related to the decrease of the relative abundance of vaginal Lactobacillus. In addition to vaginal microbes, the powerful intestinal flora is considered to be the "invisible organ" of the human body. There is a dynamic and balanced interaction network between intestinal microorganisms and human immune cells. Once the intestinal flora is out of balance, the changes in species, quantity, proportion, location and biological characteristics will cause a series of inflammatory reactions and immune system diseases, and even lead to cancer. Some studies have shown that there is a potential relationship between intestinal microorganisms and vaginal microorganisms. Recent research evidence suggests that the mutually beneficial relationship between oral bacteria and other vaginal bacteria supports the colonization of pathogens and may help maintain the characteristics of vaginal flora imbalance.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy in preventing HIV infection of the study drugs, lenacapavir (LEN) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), in adolescent girls and young women.
Iron deficiency is a common state during the perioperative period. Data from literature do not allow us to conclude on how perioperative iron deficiency influences postoperative infections occurrence. This prospective observational study aims to assessed the postoperative infections incidence according to the preoperative iron-stock status.
The alternatives to the combination of Fluoroquinolone and Rifampicin in prosthetic joint infections (PJI) caused by staphylococcus are currently unclear. Clindamycin is prescribed as dual therapy in this indication, and provides many advantages. We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study evaluating the efficacy and safety of Clindamycin in prosthetic joint infections due to staphylococcus between January 2013 and December 2019.