View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:This project aims to produce synthetic bone tissue graft that supports bone regeneration and combats infection simultaneously, according to industry standards and regulations. This original and high value added biomaterial "silver doped calcium phosphate based synthetic bone tissue " will be used in clinical trials in patients with osteomyelitis and implant-related infections for the treatment. Chronic bone infections are one of the most important problems in orthopedic surgery and are not just a problem of developed societies. When open fracture cases, which may get infected in 1-50%, implant-related infections and diabetic foot ulcer cases are taken into consideration, osteomyelitis will be seen as a very common problem all over the world. Multiple surgeries, long-term use of antibiotics and the high costs affects all societies. The use of synthetic bone grafts is growing faster than the natural bone grafts in the world. USA has spent 246 million US dollars for the use of synthetic bone graft in 2010. For the treatment of bone infections antibiotic impregnated synthetic bone grafts with different characteristics are used. Although these antibiotic impregnated synthetic bone grafts are superior compared to antibiotic bone cement with the implementation of different antibiotics and to be absorbable but they cannot show optimum benefit because the release of antibiotics is not due to host matrix degradation but diffusion control. The other issue to be considered as this regard that the development of microbial resistance to these antibiotics which is also a serious problem. Innovative synthetic bone graft with better contribution of the needs of mechanical properties, depending on the applied bone region, optimized antimicrobial activity and bone tissue regeneration are needed. In this study, it will be determined whether this silver ion -doped antimicrobial synthetic bone graft that has the capacity to fill the bone voids that may occur in chronic bone infection during disease process or after surgical debridement, also has the capacity to treat the infection in the bone will be used in 12 patients who had been diagnosed as chronic osteomyelitis to see if it cause any unwanted side effect in normal usage conditions and generates unacceptable risks. Clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations will be used to demonstrate the healing of the infections and the cavities in the bone. Blood and urine levels of silver will be detected from patients. Antimicrobial activity of silver is well-known. The effectiveness of the silver and potential toxicity is related to the dose of silver and application form. In orthopedics, the use of silver is mostly limited to elemental silver coating of metal implants. There is no biotechnologic approach manufactured silver ion -doped calcium phosphate -based synthetic bone graft in the health sector yet. Ionic silver has advantages such as low toxicity, no tolerance of silver against bacteria, and strong antibacterial activity. The trapping of silver ions in the calcium phosphate based ceramic structure overcomes the other systems with its controlled release and its ability to be effective at minimum doses. The project is an original work since it will contribute to bone regeneration while at the same time removing the infection.
Pneumonias and lower respiratory tract infections can have important long-term consequences, particularly in the context of lung transplantation, where pneumonia is a major cause of death. Candidate organs and lung transplant recipients undergo bronchoscopic inspection to assess for lower respiratory tract infection, but traditional culture methods take time, leading to increased risk from inappropriate therapy. The investigators hypothesize that the rapid detection of lower respiratory tract infection, using a semi-quantitative multiplex molecular assay, can decrease the time to appropriate clinical decision making.
This study evaluates the association between plasmatic levels of Mid Regional Proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) and the sublingual microcirculation in critical care patients admitted with infection, sepsis or septic shock.
This is a prospective, multicenter, open-label Phase 3 study of a microbiota suspension of intestinal microbes. Patients who have had at least one recurrence of CDI after a primary episode and have completed at least one round of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or have had at least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization may be eligible for the study. Subjects may receive a second RBX2660 enema if they are deemed treatment failures following the initial enema per the protocol-specified treatment failure definition.
A health education learning package (HELP) has been improved and evaluated for its impact against intestinal parasitic infections among Orang Asli schoolchildren in West Malaysia. 13 schools were allocated into two groups (intervention and control groups) and the impact of HELP was evaluated after 3 and 6 months of baseline assessment and HELP intervention.
Urinary infections are at the origin of many emergency department consultations and antibiotic prescriptions. Increase of bacteria resistance to antibiotics is promoted by an inappropriate use of those antibiotics but initial prescription in emergency departments is complicated by brief clinical examinations, unavailable sampling results and risks of multi-resistant bacteria. Large diffusion of new recommendations for urinary infection management should improve the quality of initial antibiotic prescription. However emergency physicians have no knowledge of the reassessment of antibiotherapy 48 to 72 hours after initial prescription by general practitioners which is a quality criterion of good antibiotic use. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the reassessment rate by general practitioners of the urinary infection antibiotherapies prescribed in emergency departments. This will allow assessing the quality of initial antibiotic prescription and help to improve practices.
A trial to assess cumulative incidence of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in infants (by three months of age) born to mothers receiving a single-dose of 2 grams of oral azithromycin during labour (or immediately prior to delivery in the case of caesarean section), compared to infants whose mothers received placebo.
This project will notify centers of center's post-endoscopic infection rates and evaluate the effectiveness of this notification system to decrease infection rates. The investigators aim to notify centers of the number of patients and center's risk-adjusted rates of hospitalizations for infections after colonoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedures performed between January 2015 and September 2018. The investigators will randomize centers to two notification groups: (1) Ability to view center's rate compared with all other centers (ASCs and outpatient centers notified and compared separately) or (2) Ability to view center's rate compared with the other centers with a similar patient comorbidity profile and in addition to viewing option 1. Facilities will answer questions about center's infection control practices. The investigators hypothesize that centers with high rates of post-procedural infections will (1) be more likely to report that the center took action to investigate the center's infection control practices after the first notification and (2) observe a decrease in infections after the notification. The investigators anticipate that centers with high rates of post-procedural infections that are randomized to group 2 will have greater change. The investigators anticipate no change in rates of infection in the facilities that had zero or very low (n=1) event rates.
In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of bacterial infections caused by multiresistant and extremely resistant organisms in patients with cirrhosis. These infections are associated with a worse prognosis, generate difficulties in the management of the patient during hospitalization and increase health costs. The main objective of this project is to estimate the prevalence of infections by multiresistant bacteria in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, the prevalence of other antibiotic resistance patterns and morbi-mortality in the study population will be evaluated. For these purposes, a multicenter prospective cohort study will be carried out, including patients with cirrhosis who present bacterial infections at the time of admission, or during hospitalization. Performing a study in Argentina on the clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis could be very useful to develop new strategies for prevention and treatment of this severe complication.
Evaluation of anti-CMV T cellular immunity using an IGRA test (Quantiferon-CMV test) in kidney transplant recipients and hemodialysis patients, comparison to control patients.