View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:In this current study the researchers aim to identify the total number of infections and deaths due to COVID-19 and distinguish which are the risk factors most related to COVID-19 infections and deaths in medical personnel in Mexico.
The increasing number of persons >65 years of age form a special population at risk for nosocomial and other health care-associated infections. The vulnerability of this age group is related to impaired host defenses such as diminished cell-mediated immunity. Lifestyle considerations, e.g., travel and living arrangements, and residence in nursing homes, can further complicate the clinical picture. The magnitude and diversity of health care-associated infections in the aging population are generating new arenas for prevention and control efforts. Common infections leading to hospitalizations in this age group result in respiratory infections and bacteraemia and the impact of these infections on the quality of life and disability in aged populations has not been accurately quantified in a European setting. This study aims to capture and quantify the impact of infectious diseases on quality of life in an aged population.
This study seeks to identify and test host RNA expression profiles as markers for infections in young infants. Preliminary studies have shown high sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination of bacterial from non-bacterial infections in children, but the method has only been investigated in a limited number of young infants. The study aims to include 65 young infants with serious bacterial infections. The samples will be analysed by RNA sequencing. New diagnostic tools may help reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatment, antibiotic resistance, side-effects, hospitalisation and invasive procedures.
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the most frequent complications of the COVID-19 pandemic. In these conditions, hypoxemia may result from : i) a pulmonary vascular dilatation resulting from an impaired hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching within the lungs and ii) thrombosis-mediated perfusion defects. Pulmonary vascular dilation might be due to a relative failure of the physiological acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, in the context of an over-activation of a regional vasodilatation cascade, as part of a dysfunctional inflammatory process. Perfusion abnormalities associated with pulmonary vascular dilation are suggestive of intrapulmonary shunting toward areas where gas exchange is impaired, ultimately leading to a worsening ventilation-perfusion mismatch, a regional hypoxia and a profound hypoxemia. Increased plasma levels of VEGF have been reported in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia, highlighting the role of VEGF in the pathophysiology of the disease. A better prognosis has been reported in critically ill patients with lower levels of growth factors, HGF and VEGF-A at the time of ICU admission. Recent data of the study NCT 04275414 by Pang J et al have suggested that patients receiving a single-dose of bevacizumab have improved their oxygen support status in 92% of cases during a 28-day follow-up period, as compared with 62% of cases in an external cohort receiving standard care. Correcting endothelial permeability and vasodilatation with VEGF-targeted therapy could allow repair damaged vascular endothelium, have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect (limiting alveolar exudation of circulating inflammatory and procoagulant mediators) and improve oxygenation and therefore reduce the proportion of patients with severe forms requiring ICU referral and finally patient death. This clinical trial will therefore focus on the specific efficacy of bevacizumab in COVID-19 patients with severe hypoxemia.
The oral cavity is particularly susceptible to viral infection with several viruses such as herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and Zika virus because of its structures, especially salivary glands and soft tissues Moreover, oral mucosa can be affected by secondary pathological process of a bacterial or fungal nature due to viral immunosuppression. The oral cavity could be considered a "biological barometer" of both viral infection and viral immunosuppression advancement .
Intravenous catheters have become one of the indispensable tools of modern medicine. Peripheric intravenous catheters facilitate the work of healthcare professionals in the treatment phase, especially in diagnostic procedures. Intravenous catheters cause microorganisms to enter the bloodstream by damaging the skin, which is the body's first defense barrier. In this case, it causes infections, sepsis, an increase in mortality and morbidity rates, prolongation of hospital stay, increase in antibiotic use, and medical expenses. The density of the skin flora in the area where the catheter will be inserted is a major risk factor for infection.To prevent complications associated with peripheric intravenous catheters; Performing the procedure in line with the principles of surgical asepsis and following the correct follow-up are among the most important measures that the nurse should take. Also, the child and the parents should be prepared for the procedure and the appropriate environment should be provided. Along with correct catheter placement and care, antisepsis of the cannula placement area is among the indicators of nursing care. As well as the effectiveness and safety of skin disinfectants, topical absorption, lack of toxic effect, local and irritation effect are also important. Solutions with 5% NaHCO3 have recently come to the fore as antiseptic agents. When the literature is examined, it has not been found that there are very few studies on this solution and it is used in skin antisepsis before peripheral intravenous catheterization in children. This study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effectiveness of 5% NaHCO3 water solution in catheter site cleaning in pediatric patients by comparing it with the most commonly used antiseptic agents and to monitor the development of catheter-related infections.
In patients who develop ARDS due to SARS-CoV-2 (CARDS), a longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and ICU stay has been reported compared to ARDS not associated with SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, the days of stay in ICU increase Identifying the risk factors associated with the development of this complication and developing measures aimed at its prevention could have a favorable impact on the clinical course of seriously ill patients.
The purpose of this study is to identify the number of individuals with severe CoVID who require ventilator support and who develop serious fungal infections. The study is an observational study, meaning that we are not providing any intervention that does not involve usual standard of care. Our chief goal is to find evidence of fungal infection by using traditional, approved methods of diagnosis, but by applying these methods in the same way and frequency among all study participants. We will be looking especially for evidence of a fungal infection known as Aspergillus, which can causes a serious lung infection called invasive aspergillosis (IA).
The purpose of this study is to assess SARS CoV-2 infection, viral shedding, and subsequent potential transmission in individuals immunized with the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a combination of the broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) teropavimab (formerly GS-5423) and zinlirvimab (formerly GS-2872) in combination with the HIV capsid inhibitor lenacapavir (LEN).