View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of two combination of two tablets once daily: dolutegravir associated with emtricitabine / tenofovir versus darunavir / cobicistat associated with emtricitabine / tenofovir on DNA HIV measured in PBMC at 48 weeks in patients with primary HIV-1 infection.
Preterm delivery (PTD), together with low birthweight (LBW), is the leading cause of infant death and illness, affecting 500,000 births with annual medical costs of more than $26 billion in the U.S. each year. Identifying changeable risk factors to reduce PTD is considered a top research priority. Recent research has shown genital herpes infection (HSV) is associated with increased risks of PTD and LBW. More importantly, treating this infection, including infection with no symptoms, using readily available antiviral medications can be effective in removing the risk due to HSV. Thus, early identification and treatment of HSV in pregnant women could be an effective way to prevent PTD and LBW. Currently, many pregnant women with HSV infection, especially those with no symptoms, choose not to treat due to (a) a lack of demonstrated benefit of treatment and (b) general hesitance to use medications during pregnancy due to safety concerns for the fetus. Thus, emerging evidence of an increased risk of PTD/LBW associated with HSV infection, if untreated, and treatment effectiveness by anti-herpes medications has significantly changed current treatment paradigms among pregnant women. This evidence also provides new hope that effectively treating HSV infection among pregnant women, especially before the 3rd trimester, could lead to a new method to reduce PTD and LBW and reduce racial/ethnic disparities in these risks due to high rates of the infection in minority groups. To further examine the effectiveness of treating HSV in pregnant women to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes, the investigators propose to conduct a prospective cohort study with a two-stage design combining the large pregnant women population (N=90,000) in Stage I identified through Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) electronic medical records (EMRs), with a Stage II sample to collect detailed information on additional factors that might muddle our understanding of this issue. This study will address the following: (1) Does treating HSV infection in pregnant women reduce the risk of PTD or LBW? (2) Does timing of the treatment during pregnancy influence treatment effectiveness? (3) Do other factors influence treatment effectiveness? and (4) Does HSV infection in pregnancy, if untreated, increase the risk of PTD and LBW, compared to no infection? Answers to these questions will be valuable to pregnant women and clinicians, and directly address their concerns when making treatment decisions
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, especially in patients received haploidentical transplantation. During the past decades, prophylactic or preemptive treatment with antiviral drugs has significantly reduce the incidence of early-onset CMV infection. Unfortunately, prolonged antiviral treatment is associated with substantial toxicity and may delay recovery of virus specific immune responses, resulting in an increasing of late-onset CMV disease. To date, adoptive immunotherapies have been developed as treatment alternatives to antiviral agents for CMV infection after HSCT. Studies have demonstrated that prophylactic or preemptive therapy with donor CMV-specific T cells can restore antiviral immunity and clear CMV viremia after transplantation. In this prospective clinical phase I/II trial, we propose to reconstitute antiviral immunity against CMV by preemptive transfer of CMV-specific T cells at an early time point after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We also propose to demonstrate whether protect against CMV is associated with recovery of CMV-specific T cells.
This study will investigate whether there is a population-level association between circulating respiratory viruses and NHS hospital admissions for acute vascular events using data from national infection surveillance and Hospital Episode Statistics.
This study provides Hepatitis C virus screening to the members of the World Trade Center Health Program followed at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai born during 1945-1965, and linkage to care for those found infected. The study will also determine if exposure to human remains, blood and/or bodily fluids during the World Trade Center Health Program activities are associated with Hepatitis C virus infection. These findings would be relevant to the larger United States population, especially to persons born during 1945-1965 who are at high risk of Hepatitis C virus infection.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of RBX7455 for the treatment of recurrent CDI in subjects who have had at least one recurrence after a primary episode (i.e., at least two episodes) and have completed at least two rounds of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether moderate-severe endpoints (including high fever, lower respiratory tract disease, acute otitis media, or serious extra-pulmonary complications) were predictive of hospitalization, intensive care admission, antibiotic use and other complications in children under 8 years of age.
The primary objective is to evaluate the anti-viral effect and safety of different doses of inhaled ALX-0171 in subjects hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (RSV LRTI). The secondary objective is to evaluate the clinical activity, pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, pharmacodynamic (PD) effect and immunogenicity of different doses of inhaled ALX-0171.
Sponsor: IMEA - Fondation Internationale Léon Mba C.H.U. Bichat - Claude Bernard 46, Rue Henri Huchard - 75018 PARIS Tél. : 01.40. 25. 63. 65 - Fax : 01.40.25.63.56 Coordinating investigator: Dr Caroline Lascoux Combe Hôpital Saint Louis Service Maladies Infectieuses 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01 42 49 49 73 - Fax : 01 42 49 47 43 E-mail : caroline.lascoux-combe@aphp.fr Participating country : FRANCE Primary objective : Comparing the kinetic of HIV-RNA decay in blood plasma and in seminal plasma in patients starting a triple combination regimen with dolutegravir + tenofovir DF (TDF) + emtricitabine (FTC) at the time of PHI. Secondary objectives : - Comparison of HIV-1 RNA level in plasma (threshold 20 and 1 copies/ml) and in seminal plasma (threshold 60 copies/ml) at each visit D0, W2, W4, W8, W12, W24, W36, W48 - To assess the frequency of intermittent shedding in seminal plasma once virological suppression has been achieved and until W48 - Evolution of cellular HIV-1 DNA level in PBMC and in non-sperm cells between D0 and W48 - Comparison of dolutegravir concentration in blood plasma and seminal plasma - Study of risk factors associated with viral persistence of HIV-RNA in the seminal plasma - Analysis by deep sequencing of the viral population (quasi-species) in both compartments (blood plasma and seminal plasma) before virological suppression has been achieved (i.e. at D0 and W12) Inclusion criteria : - Patients diagnosed at the time of primary HIV infection (PHI) (i) a negative or indeterminate HIV ELISA associated with a positive antigenemia or plasma HIV RNA, (ii) a western blot profile compatible with ongoing seroconversion (incomplete western blot with absence of antibodies to pol proteins (p34, p68)) or (iii) an initially negative test for HIV antibodies followed within 3 months by a positive HIV serology - Treatment including dolutegravir (DTG 50mg) + tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC 245 mg/200 mg) initiated by the referee physician within a maximum of 15 days after diagnosis of PHI - Genotypic sensitivity to TDF, FTC and DTG - Patient with medical care insurance Exclusion criteria : - Chronic infection - Infection or co-infection with HIV-2 Study treatment : Dolutegravir and tenofovir/emtricitabine Number of subjets : 20 patients (exploratory study)
The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of the ResAppDx software application in diagnosis of pneumonia and other respiratory conditions (bronchiolitis, asthma/reactive airway disease, croup, upper or lower respiratory tract infections) in infants and children. Patient's cough sounds will be recorded using a smartphone and analysed using the ResAppDx software. The ResAppDx diagnosis will be compared to radiologic diagnosis and/or clinical diagnosis. The ResAppDx diagnosis will not be provided to the clinician or patient.