View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is a severe complication following joint replacement surgery, imposing significant economic and health burdens on patients. For acute PJI, the DAIR (Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention) procedure is a necessary and effective treatment method, as it effectively clears the infection while preserving the prosthesis, thereby avoiding more complex surgical interventions. However, the practice of using drainage tubes postoperatively is controversial. Some studies suggest that drainage tubes may increase the risk of infection, while other literature indicates no statistically significant difference in infection risk associated with their use.In this context, Professor Li Cao's team at Xinjiang Medical University has improved the traditional DAIR procedure by incorporating long-term local antibiotic injections post-surgery, achieving positive results. Despite this, the specific method of antibiotic injection, particularly whether to use a drug infusion tube, remains under debate. The use of an infusion tube can reduce patient discomfort, shorten the local disinfection process, and theoretically decrease the time the incision is exposed to the external environment, potentially lowering the infection risk. However, the validity of these theoretical assumptions needs further confirmation through high-level scientific research. This study aims to evaluate whether there are differences in joint function recovery, changes in blood infection markers, and the incidence of postoperative complications between using and not using an infusion tube for local antibiotic injection after knee DAIR surgery. To assess the value of the infusion tube in local antibiotic injection post-knee DAIR surgery, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the infusion tube group (experimental group) or the non-infusion tube group (control group). The study will prospectively collect basic information, joint function scores, blood infection markers, and postoperative complication data from both groups, including patient age, gender, educational background, and postoperative blood test results. Ultimately, the RCT aims to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of the infusion tube method.
High risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) persistent infection is a high risk factor for cervical cancer. 85% to 90% of hr-HPV infections have the ability to clear on their own, while 10% to 15% of HPV persists further will lead to the development of high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and even to invasive cervical cancer. Long-term follow-up results for persistent hr-HPV infection showed that cervical HSIL mostly occurred after 5-7 years of persistent hr-HPV infection, among which the risk of HPV16 and 18 was the highest, followed by HPV31 and 33. The role of the vaginal microbiome (CVM) in persistent hr-HPV infection has been increasingly valued, and women with persistent HPV infection that progresses to HSIL have a more unstable vaginal microenvironment. The previous study found that Lactobacillus vaginalis may contribute to HPV clearance by improving the vaginal microenvironment. In addition, previous studies have found that estrogen-like Chinese medicine could increase glycogen, improve mucosal estrogen levels, increase lactobacillus content, and promote HPV clearance. It is a challenge to make clinical management on when and how to intervene among hr-HPV persistent infection but whose pathology does not suggest HSIL. This study intends to analyze the correlation between the duration of HPV infection and the current vaginal microbiome, HPV load and PAX1 methylation in people with persistent HPV infection at different ages, and observe the changes of the above indicators after the administration of drugs to improve the vaginal microenvironment, which is helpful for preventing HPV persistent infection and developing into true precancerous lesions. It has the clinical and practical value of "preparing for a rainy day".
We are using a tool called QtNGS to measure the abundance of local pathogens in patients with ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections. We hypothesize that changes in pathogen abundance before and after treatment are related to patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the tool by analyzing the changes in pathogen abundance and exploring the relationship between these changes and clinical outcomes.
Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is one of the severe complications following arthroplasty. With the global aging population, the number of patients undergoing primary joint replacement surgeries is increasing, leading to a rise in PJI cases. Although the incidence of PJI is generally low, the impact on patients can be catastrophic. Once an infection occurs, it is further complicated by the rising global antibiotic resistance, imposing a significant economic burden on patients. Therefore, improving the diagnostic rate of PJI is crucial. Currently, various infection markers are used in the diagnosis of PJI. However, there is still a lack of highly sensitive and specific markers to effectively diagnose PJI, necessitating the exploration of new infection markers. This study aims to investigate novel infection markers for the diagnosis of PJI, providing evidence for its diagnosis and subsequent treatment. In this research, we will prospectively collect data from patients undergoing primary joint replacement and those developing PJI from June 2024 to December 2026. These patients will be categorized into non-infection and infection groups. By collecting and analyzing general patient data, surgery-related information, and infection-related indicators from preoperative joint fluid and blood samples, we aim to further evaluate the predictive value of these infection markers for PJI.
Large numbers of micro-organisms (especially bacteria) live in and on human bodies and have a very important function for the health. These microorganisms are called 'the microbiota'. They aid in the digestion of food, ensure the production of certain vitamins, and are very important for the development and regulation of the immune system. In many diseases (including Crohn's disease, arthritis, obesity, diabetes and cancer), a disruption of microbial composition is observed. There are indications that a disruption of the microbiome can contribute to the development of inflammatory diseases and cancer, but the underlying processes are not sufficiently understood. To understand the mechanisms underlying these disease processes, fundamental research is conducted at Ghent University. Stool, skin, oral and vaginal samples from various origins are examined, e.g. from people from indigenous tribes with a traditional lifestyle. It is important that these samples can be compared with microbiome samples from healthy Western (West-European) controls. In this study, the investigators want to build up a collection of samples from healthy donors between the ages of 2 and 70, with the exception of vaginal samples collected from women between the ages of 18 and 45. The samples will form the basis for further fundamental and functional research into microbiota-host interactions at Ghent University.
The objective of this study is to investigate "clinically" the effectiveness of Boswellia based intracanal medication compared to the commonly used intracanal medicaments (calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 and Ledermix) on the levels of bacteria and inflammatory cytokines in root canals and periradicular tissues of teeth with apical periodontitis.
The goal of this interventional study is to determine the amount of skin C. acnes reduction with increased pressure during the chlorhexidine gluconate, brand name ChloraPrep, application. The main question it aims to answer is: Does changing the pressure applied during the ChloraPrep application impact the amount of C. acnes bacteria on the skin after one hour? Researchers will compare ChloraPrep applied at a pressure similar to a gentle wipe to ChloraPrep applied at a pressure similar to a massage to see if wash the amount of C. acnes on the skin after one hour is different. Participants will have one shoulder washed with ChloraPrep using pressure meant to impact the dermal layer, similar to a gentle wipe, and the other shoulder washed with ChloraPrep using pressure meant to impact the subdermal layer, similar to a massage. Participants will have swabs taken of their skin before the ChloraPrep application and again one hour after application to look for the amount of C. acnes on the skin.
Heart failure is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children. Heart transplantation can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with severe heart failure, but access is limited by a shortage of transplants. Long-term mechanical circulatory support is a major advance in the management of heart failure and can provide haemodynamic support while awaiting myocardial recovery or heart transplantation. The Berlin Heart (BH) EXCOR is the only long-term support system available for children. Despite technical and medical advances in circulatory support, infection is a common complication and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients on BH. There are few studies on the management of infection with mechanical support. Current ISHLT (International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation) recommendations are based on expert opinion and observational studies. Some experts recommend anti-infective therapy until transplantation for specific support infections or for support-associated infections with persistent bacteraemia.
The purpose of this general screening protocol is to facilitate recruitment into studies conducted at the Center for Virology and Vaccine Research (CVVR) or Division of Infectious Diseases at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. This general screening protocol will help to determine the eligibility of potential volunteers for any vaccine or therapeutic trials open for recruitment or soon to be opened.
To help reach the undiagnosed living with HIV and/or syphilis in Canada, point-of-care (POC) tests for HIV and Syphilis may have substantial utility for increased identification of infected individuals through their relative ease of use and portability, as well as their ability to deliver rapid, actionable results while the care provider still has access to the patient. bioLytical Laboratories Inc. (Richmond, BC, Canada), has developed a POC test to detect HIV and Syphilis antibodies in fingerstick blood sample that was licensed by Health Canada in March 2023 for use by trained health care professionals. The goal of this study is to provide evidence that untrained, non-registered health care providers (ie. peer testers) can perform the test without any increased risk of obtaining erroneous results. This test requires no instrumentation and can be used by non-registered health care professionals including peer testers ("Operators") in multiple near patient settings such as community health centres and point of care testing locations.