View clinical trials related to Cognitive Impairment.
Filter by:Chronic hepatitis HCV-related is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Italy. Patients with chronic hepatitis C present a prevalence of depressive disorders higher than that of the general population; moreover, it has been repeatedly demonstrated the presence of cognitive deficits and poor quality of life. Chronic hepatitis C therapy was based on the combined use of pegylated alpha-interferons (PEG-INF), and ribavirin. Recently, new therapeutic protocols have been introduced, and while some antiviral drugs, including the first-generation ones, were used only in combination with PEG-IFN and ribavirin, the second and third generation antiviral drugs protocols are interferon-free. However, because of the high cost, the access to interferon-free protocols is only for patients with advanced fibrous stages, or with concomitant extra-hepatic HCV-related diseases, or for transplanted patients. Many side effects, such as flu-like symptoms, and psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, irritability, insomnia) are common during antiviral therapy with IFN. However, in patients with chronic hepatitis C, a high lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and brief recurrent depression have been observed, irrespective of IFN treatment and the use of alcohol and narcotics; such associations between mood and anxiety disorders and chronic hepatitis C may reflect a high prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorders. The presence of severe psychopathological symptoms requires the reduction of posology and causes high rates of discontinuation of antiviral therapy. This project represents an innovative psychiatric and neuropsychological screening program for patients with chronic hepatitis C, eligible for antiviral therapy. 1. Primary objectives: 1. to verify the medium-term impact of new antiviral therapies on quality of life, psychological well-being and cognitive function in subjects with chronic hepatitis C; 2. to verify the predictability of specific psychopathological components and specific determinants on compliance with new antiviral therapies. 2. Main secondary objectives: 1. to verify the evidence of association between various psychiatric disorders and cognitive deficits and chronic hepatitis C; 2. to evaluate the relative weight of psychopathological and/or cognitive disorders on the efficacy of antiviral therapy and on quality of life.
Background: The transition to long-term care facility can be a stressful and emotional event for the elderly. The evidences showed that the prevalence of depression and the cognition impairment were higher in the institutionalized elderly than the community dwelling elderly. It could affect the quality of life of the elderly and increase risk of mortality. Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of outdoor activities and sunlight exposure on depression, cognitive function, and quality of life among institutionalized elderly. Method: The design is a randomized control trial. Participants will be randomly allocated to experimental or control groups by block randomization. In the experimental group, participants will be encouraged to reduce time spent on bed and bedroom. Nurses, nurse aids or family will take participants outdoors and exposure their face, hands or arm to sunlight for 15-30 minutes a day, five days a week for three months (if the UV index is over 8 according to the forecast of Center Weather Bureau, the participants will be asked to stay inside). In the control group, the participants will receive routine care. The control group will neither be encouraged to stay outdoors nor limit the chance to exposure to sunlight. Expected outcome: The expected benefit of the research is to improve the depression, cognitive function, and quality of life of the institutionalized elderly.
Background: There is epidemiological evidence or link ambient air pollution exposure to the incidence of dementia. Aims or hypotheses: It is hypothesized that reduction in indoor pollutants from air purification improves endothelial function and carotid intima thickness in older diabetic people with cognitive impairment. Subjects and method: People with clinically diagnosis mild cognitive impairment or early dementia will be recruited. After obtaining written consent, the subjects will be assessed cognitive function and arterial health. After baseline measurements, the subjects are randomly assigned to have either filter or no filter installed in the air purifier. The air purifier will be placed in living room of the household of the subject for one year. At one year, the measurements will be repeated. Statistical analysis: Intention to treat analysis will be adopted.
PRETEC-ABC aims to assess the effect of a new form of cognitive remediation, Action-Based Cognitive Remediation (ABCR), in patients with bipolar disorder in remission on cognition, and to assess the neural assays for treatment effects with the purpose of identifying a neural biomarker for pro-cognitive effect. It is hypothesized (i) that ABCR vs. a control treatment has a beneficial effect on cognition in remitted patients with bipolar disorder remission. It is hypothesized (ii) that this treatment-associated improvement of cognition translates into better functional capacity at a six months follow-up assessment (secondary outcome). Finally, as an exploratory measure, it is hypothesized that ABCR will produce an early change in frontal activity and that this activity will correlate with ABCR-associated improvements in cognitive function.
The purpose of this study is to use transcanial doppler (TCD) ultrasound to look for possible risk factors for ischemic brain injury. We will perform contrast TCD with agitated saline contrast to identify and contrast right-to-left shunt (RLS) and breath holding to assess cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in the elderly.
The purpose of this study is to explore whether physical exercise, mindfulness training, or both interventions together can improve cognitive function in individuals with multiple risk factors for the development of dementia in the future.
COPD is the third leading cause of combined morbidity, disability, and mortality in the United States and is often associated with cognitive impairment. The goal of the proposed project is to examine novel pulmonary and vascular physiological mechanisms that contribute to structural brain abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction early in the course of COPD. The project will generate information to ultimately inform the development of interventions to delay or prevent cognitive dysfunction.
Despite combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist in 20-50% of persons living with HIV (PLHIV). Since more PLH are at risk for HAND due to aging, the frequency of HAND in PLHIV ≥ 65 years old is important to quantify for planning early intervention to attenuate both functional and occupational disabilities due to cognitive impairment.
This study aimed to pilot test a non-pharmacological (behavioral) treatment program targeting improved cognition through improving 24-h sleep-wake cycle in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild Alzheimer's disease. A treatment program incorporating bright light therapy and a modified cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia will be developed to address 24-hour patterns of sleep. We will then pilot test its feasibility and explore its preliminary effects on improving sleep/napping and cognition in patients with MCI or mild Alzheimer's disease.
Older adults with type 2 diabetes experience cognitive decline and are at higher risk for developing dementia. Consequently, older adults at-risk for developing type 2 diabetes (based on body mass, glucose levels) are at higher risk for cognitive decline, and intervening at this point may prevent or delay the onset of such decline. One promising lifestyle intervention that has been shown to improve cognitive function in other populations is exercise. However, before investigators can examine whether exercise will improve cognitive function and brain health (structure and function) in this at-risk population, a feasibility pilot study is needed to determine whether a larger-scale trial would be viable.