View clinical trials related to Clostridium Difficile Infections.
Filter by:Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of infectious diarrhea and the most important cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Recurrent forms are a major problem with this infection. The use of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), FMT appears in the most recent European and North American recommendations. There is no cohort or multicenter registry in France prospectively collecting FMTs, the methods used, their efficacy and side effects. Likewise, there is no prospective collection focused on the cohort of stool donors. A large national cohort of patients who have undergone FMT as part of routine care as well as donors, is essential for evaluating the safety of FMT.
The overall objective of the RESTORATiVE303 study is to evaluate the safety and the Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrence rate at Week 8 in participants who receive a 14-day course of VE303 or matching placebo. The objectives and endpoints are identical for Stage 1 (recurrent CDI) and Stage 2 (high-risk primary CDI).
The increasing inappropriate use of antimicrobials, in addition to increasing selective pressure and inducing environmental resistance, is also a risk factor for the development of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The intestinal microbiota is mainly composed of the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Acinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, and more than 90% of the phylum Firmicutes is composed of Clostridium spp. (two). The inappropriate use of antimicrobials initiates a process of dysregulation of the microbiome, called dysbiosis, and it is from the selection of genera and species of bacteria that will dominate the intestine that pseudomembranous colitis can set in with an increased burden of Clostridioides difficile, a gram positive, anaerobic, spore-forming, that produces two enterotoxins, toxin A and toxin.
Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium) is a bacterium found in the form of spores (resistance form) in the environment to which patients may be exposed. This bacterium used to belong to the Clostridium genus, but analysis of its 16S ribosomal RNA in 2016 led to its being distinguished from it. Once the spore has been ingested, it can germinate in vegetative form (the active form of the bacterium), taking on the appearance of a Gram-positive bacillus that will colonize the digestive microbiota. This preliminary stage of digestive colonization by the bacteria is facilitated by certain factors, notably nasogastric probing, antacids, etc. Antibiotics, for their part, disrupt the bacteria of the digestive microbiota (dysbiosis), thus facilitating the implantation of C. difficile. Certain strains (known as toxigenic) will produce the main virulence factors: toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB) ± a third toxin (binary toxin or CDT), and thus cause the main clinical signs of digestive infection, particularly in patients with risk factors for C. difficile infection (progressive cancer, immunodepression, etc.). Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is characterized by variable clinical presentations, ranging from simple watery diarrhea without colitis, which often resolves spontaneously, to severe forms with complications such as pseudomembranous colitis, intestinal perforation or septic shock, which have a very poor prognosis. Management of this type of CDI relies mainly on the oral administration of anti-clostridium difficile antibiotics such as fidaxomicin (FDX) or vancomycin (VAN) for 10 days, as recommended by the European ESCMID, British and American IDSA guidelines. Oral metronidazole is recommended only in the absence of availability of the first two molecules (community use). Despite this treatment, one of the main characteristics of CDI is a high recurrence rate, which can reach 25% of cases. With FDX, recurrence rates appear to be lower, especially as its administration regimen is optimized. Nevertheless, its high cost is a barrier to its wider use. In view of the high cost to the community of treating recurrences, and the reduced quality of life of patients suffering from these recurrences, which are sometimes multiple and highly incapacitating, reducing the occurrence of recurrences is a major challenge. A better understanding of the factors leading to recurrence is therefore a prerequisite for optimizing CDI prevention and treatment strategies. The study of colonic mucosal immunity (aimed at quantifying IgA in stools) could also contribute to a better understanding of patient progress. All these issues surrounding CDI and its management justify the setting up of a prospective cohort for the longitudinal follow-up of infected patients, enabling us to study the digestive clearance of the bacteria according to various factors, notably the digestive microbiota and the mucosal immune response.
The goal of this research is to compare alterations of gut microbiota and fecal metabolomics alterations between inflammatory bowel disease patients infected with or without Clostridioides difficile. The main questions it aim to answer are: which bacterial genus or fecal metabolites can discriminate IBD patients infected or more likely to be infected with Clostridioides difficile and their role in the pathogenesis of Clostridioides difficile. type of study: observational study participant population/health conditions 1. population diagnosed with Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease 2. Having diarrhea Participants will be included in this research. If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare healthy people without IBD or any diarrhea to see if disease or diarrhea would affect the gut microbiota and metabolites.
Rationale: Postantibiotic diarrhoea in critically ill patients is common, often prolonged and currently there is no effective treatment of it. Aim: To test safety and feasibility of faecal microbial transplantation in critically ill patients with postantibiotic diarhoea. Design: Prospective, single center, parallel group randomised controlled trial. Subjects: ICU patients (both general and burn ICU) who developed diarhea after a course of antibiotic therapy that is persistent for 24 hours and is not due to other causes. Patients with septic shock or approaching death will be excluded. Treatment in the intervention group: Faecal bacteriotherapy (FBT) delivered as enema (and repeated once in the subgroup of patients with C. dif. infection) of 350 ml of standardised mixed transplantate prepared from faeces of 7 healthy donors. Control group: Standard-of-care protocolised treatment of postantibiotic diarhea (which includes vancomycine 250 mg p.o. 6 hourly in the subgroup with C. dif. infection). Primary outcome: Percentage of patients with treatment failure at day 7 after randomisation, which is defined as treatment either not being delivered or not being effective. Secondary and exploratory outcomes: Influence of the intervention on colonic microbiome and metabolome, small bowel and colonic permeability, bacterial translocation and systemic inflammation response to procedure.
Clostridium difficile (CD) infection are an important cause of morbi-mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The VANCALLO trial aims at evaluating oral vancomycine reducing the risk of CD infection relying on a placebo controlled 1:1 randomized design, including one interim analysis.
Objectives: 1. Describe the molecular epidemiology of Clostridium Difficile infection in children in the Chicago area. 2. Determine the clinical spectrum and risk factors for Clostridium Difficile infection secondary to particular endemic strains in children. 3. Define the risk factors for recurrent and community-associated Clostridium Difficile infection in children.