Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Other |
Knowledge improvement of appropriate PASC diagnosis as a result of participation in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Knowledge improvement of effective PASC care and treatment as a result of participation in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Knowledge improvement of approaches for complex cases of PASC as a result of participation in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities related to identify tools and methods for PASC care |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to diagnose patients with PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to screen for co-morbidities of PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to generate a patient-specific treatment plan for patients with PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities related to to implement a patient-specific treatment plan for patients with PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to select appropriate special or diagnostic tests for PASC patients |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to interpret special or diagnostic test results for my PASC patients |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to provide appropriate patient education about their PASC condition |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to educate clinic staff about PASC care |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to address PASC patients using a multidisciplinary approach |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to assess and manage concerns that PASC patients face |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to assess severity of disease in patients with PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Self-efficacy in abilities to deal with complex cases of PASC |
Clinician baseline and quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Utility of an encountered case presented during randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey Yes/No |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Overall satisfaction with randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Satisfaction to recommend to colleague randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale likelihood |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Satisfaction to participate in future randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) again |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale likelihood |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice in helping colleague with information learned from randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey Yes/No |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) to understand further monitoring and follow-up plan |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) to develop more appropriate treatment plans |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) to have a better understanding of underlying disease process and the role of specialist referral |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) to more independently manage my PASC patients without referral to a specialist |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) to apply specialist recommendations to patient care. |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement and free text |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Unable to apply learnings from randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with use of Likert scale agreement and free text |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Other changes to practice by participating in randomized arm (teleECHO or monthly webinar) |
Clinician quarterly follow-up survey with free text |
During 34 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Knowledge gained about topic presented during teleECHO before and after |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey |
During 37 months after each weekly ECHO session |
|
Other |
Knowledge gained about topic presented during teleECHO before and after |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale knowledge |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with stated objectives being met |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with session delivering balanced and objective, evidence-based content |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with pace of session |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with opportunities to ask questions |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with organization of the presenters' presentations |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with presenters' ability to clearly communicate |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale quality |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Desired content for future sessions |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey, free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with source evidence presented |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey Yes/No |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Satisfaction with commercial bias present |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey Yes/No and free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Recommendations for program improvement |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Relevance of session to clinicians current work |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale relevance |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Intent to change practice based on learnings from session |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey Yes/No and free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Best part of session |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Worst part of session |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Recommend this session to a colleague |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey with use of Likert scale likelihood |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Changes to practice planned |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
If no changes to practice are planned, barriers |
Clinician intervention teleECHO survey free text |
Through study completion, an average of 37 months |
|
Other |
Participating clinician retention |
Mean number of months clinicians participate in the trial (intervention and control groups) |
Semi-annually during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Participating clinic settings |
Number of clinic settings in which providers see patients (intervention and control groups) |
Semi-annually during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Participation in intervention |
Number of weekly sessions each RCT (intervention) provider attends, and mean number |
Weekly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Exposure of weekly teleECHO topics |
Number of topics covered in Weekly ECHO sessions RCT (intervention) provider attends |
Weekly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Monthly webinar attendance |
Number of monthly webinars RCT providers attends |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Quarterly short course attendance |
Number of quarterly short courses RCT providers attends |
Quarterly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Exposure of monthly webinar topics |
Number of topics covered in monthly webinars provider attends |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Exposure of quarterly short course topics |
Number of topics covered in quarterly short courses provider attends |
Quarterly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Participation in case consultation |
Number of patient cases presented by RCT (intervention) provider |
Quarterly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Participation in post-session survey |
Proportion of participants that complete each session poll (disaggregated by monthly webinar, weekly session, RCT vs. non-RCT provider) |
Weekly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Volume of total patient case load |
Number of patients seen by RCT provider, and mean number (intervention and control) |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Volume of PASC patient case load |
Number of PASC patients seen by RCT provider, and mean number (intervention and control) |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Volume of patient referrals to specialists |
Number of referrals to specialists by RCT provider, and mean number (intervention and control) |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Application of specialist recommendations |
Number of specialist recommendations applied by RCT (intervention) providers from weekly ECHO sessions |
Quarterly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Average consultation duration |
Mean duration of consultation for PASC patients by RCT providers, intervention and control |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Volume of specialists seen by patients |
Number of specialists seen by patient |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Specialty types patient was exposed to |
Number of specialty types the patient was exposed to |
Monthly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Clinician session drop-off |
How long an (intervention) provider attended an ECHO session |
Weekly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Quarterly attendance |
Number of individuals who attended and watched short course |
Quarterly during 37 months of follow-up |
|
Other |
Clinician satisfaction with series |
Interview with Likert satisfaction |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician overall best part of series |
Interview |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician overall worst part of series |
Interview |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician challenges in participating |
Interview |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Perceived change in the relationship between clinicians and specialists in panel as a result of this series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician barriers to sustained participation in series |
Interview |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinician experience an improvement in the number of PASC patients they could manage at any given time as a result of the series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinicians experience an increase in PASC patients in their panel composition over time as a result of participation in the series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinic directors observe an increase in PASC patients in the clinicians panel composition over time as a result of their participation in the series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinicians experience an improvement in the quality of care for patients as a result of participating in the series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinic directors observe an improvement in the quality of care for patients as a result of a clinician participating in the series? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinicians participating influence other providers in their clinic? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Did clinic directors observe clinicians who participated in the series influence other providers within the clinic? |
Interview, Yes/No with free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician benefits gained from participating in the series |
Interview, free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinician recommendations for improving the scalability or sustainability of this model |
Interview, free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Other |
Clinic directors recommendations for improving the scalability or sustainability of this model |
Interview, free response |
Up to 8 weeks after end of study |
|
Primary |
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29 |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Patient symptom checklist with associated severity for those present |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, None, Mild, Moderate, Severe |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If symptom is present, has patient experienced this in the past month |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes/No |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If symptom is present, how long has patient experienced this symptom |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Under 3 Months, 3 Months or longer |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If symptom is present, did patient have this symptom before the patient tested positive for COVID-19? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes/No |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If symptom is present, during the past month how often have the patient had this symptom? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys with use of Likert scale |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If symptom is present during the past month, how bad was this symptom? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys with use of Likert scale |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
For symptoms present, do any of them get worse for at least 24 hours after engaging in activities (physical or mental) that patient was used to doing with no problems? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys with Yes/No/Not Applicable/Don't Know |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If fatigue, tiredness, or exhaustion is present, doesn't patient describe it as feeling it come on all of a sudden, or slowly over time |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys with All of sudden, Slowly over time, Not applicable, Don't know |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
If fatigue present, what month and year did the fatiguing illness begin? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, estimated month and year |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
When fatigued, does rest make patient's fatigue better? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes a lot, Yes a little, No not very much, Not applicable, Don't know |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
When fatigued, has this fatigue substantially limited the patient's ability to occupational, educational, social, or personal activities? |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes, No, Not applicable, Don't know |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Patient's medical history check-list |
Patient baseline survey, Yes, No, Unsure |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient's dietary restrictions |
Patient baseline survey, No, Vegan, Vegetarian, Ketogenic, Gluten-free, Dairy-free, Intermittent fasting, Other |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient's food allergies or other food intolerances |
Patient baseline survey, Yes/No |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Has patient's employment been impacted due to contracting COVID-19? |
Patient baseline survey, Yes, No |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient's frequency to complete 150-minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity (like a brisk walk, slow biking, gardening, or ballroom dancing) prior to contracting COVID-19 |
Patient baseline survey, Every week, Most weeks, Some weeks, Very few weeks, Never, I do not know |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient's frequency to complete 150-minutes per week of vigorous-intensity physical activity (like running, swimming laps, competitive sports, or fast bicycling) prior to contracting COVID-19 |
Patient baseline survey, Every week, Most weeks, Some weeks, Very few weeks, Never, I do not know |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Did patient receive a COVID-19 PCR (nasal swab) test |
Patient baseline survey, Yes/No |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Did patient receive a COVID-19 antibody test |
Patient baseline survey, Yes/No |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient symptom onset |
Patient baseline survey, Date |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient reported medications used for COVID-19 symptoms |
Patient baseline survey, free text |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient reported prescribed supplementary oxygen support |
Patient baseline survey, Yes/No |
Through study referral period, an average of 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Patient reported admittance to hospital due to COVID-19 |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes/No |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Do any of the following activities exacerbate patients symptoms: Physical exertion, Diet Changes, Big Meal, Dehydration, Weather changes (hot and humid), Tight clothing, Stress or anxiety, Pre Menstrual period, Menstrual period, Alcohol consumption |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys, Yes/No |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Does patient feel fully recovered from COVID-19 |
Patient quarterly surveys, Yes/No |
During 9 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Currently minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity patient does (like a brisk walk, slow biking, gardening, or ballroom dancing) |
Patient quarterly surveys, free text |
During 9 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Currently minutes per week of vigorous-intensity physical activity patient does (like running, swimming laps, competitive sports, or fast bicycling) |
Patient quarterly surveys, free text |
During 9 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (if applicable) |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
PROMIS Dyspnea Functional Limitations and Severity Short Forms |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
PROMIS Applied Cognition Abilities and General Concerns Short Forms |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 |
Patient baseline and quarterly surveys |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
2-minute step test |
Physical Therapy assessment with patient |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
30 sec sit to stand test |
Physical Therapy assessment with patient |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Grip strength |
Physical Therapy assessment with patient |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Functional Gait Assessment |
Physical Therapy assessment with patient |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Balance tasks |
Physical Therapy assessment with patient |
During 12 months of follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Post-exertional malaise follow-up |
Follow-up Physical Therapy appointment with patient, Not at all, A little bit, Somewhat, Quite a bit, Very much |
Per Physical Therapy encounter after PT assessment |
|