View clinical trials related to Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Filter by:Excessive bleeding is common after cardiac surgery. This may result in patients receiving a blood transfusion or suffering the life-threatening complication of cardiac tamponade. Tamponade is when excessive bleeding compresses the heart and prevents it from pumping properly. A major reason for the bleeding is the damage done to platelets by the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine. Often patients receive platelets and plasma from blood donors to try to reduce the bleeding post-operatively. The investigators plan to take platelets and plasma from patients before they are damaged. They would then return these 'undamaged' sequestered platelets to the patients after the bypass machine is no longer needed. Therefore, the investigators' primary question is whether platelet sequestration would reduce the bleeding problems that occur following cardiac surgery. They will evaluate bleeding problems using thromboelastography, which provides a comprehensive assessment of both how blood clots form and their strength. If sequestration reduces bleeding problems following cardiac surgery then it may reduce the chance of patients receiving blood products from donors. Although donated blood is thoroughly tested, its use does expose patients to the risk of transfusion errors, blood borne infections and reactions. Avoiding its use would be very desirable.
Does pre-operative administration of Sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer) reduce the lung injury associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in children undergoing corrective surgical repair of congenital heart disease.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the Medtronic Resting Heart Bypass system is safer and results in less inflammatory reaction than traditional bypass machines used in coronary artery bypass surgery. We hypothesize that the new Medtronic Resting Heart System is safer and results in much less systemic inflammatory reaction in comparison to the standard cardiopulmonary bypass systems currently in use.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of nesiritide on urine output and hemodynamics following cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. Safety and pharmacokinetic data will also be obtained.
Effect of two preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplements in patients at high risk of infection after cardiac surgery: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Introduction: In our first study we showed that the use of a preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplement (OIENS) resulted in an improved patients’ host-defence with a reduction in postoperative infectious morbidity in ‘high-risk’ cardiac surgery patients. The use of the OIENS resulted also in less postoperative organ dysfunction. Experimental studies have shown that additional glycine results in less ischemia-reperfusion damage and that glycine has anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: The use of an OIENS in the preoperative period in patients at high risk of infection after elective cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) results in a reduction in infections as in our first study. The addition of 9.6 gram glycine per sachet OIENS results in a further reduction in postoperative dysfunction. Design: A prospective randomized placebo controlled study with two oral immune enhancing nutritional formula’s and an isocaloric control formula. Patients: Seventy-four consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of an CPB who met one or more of the following inclusion criteria: Age 70 years or older, mitral valve replacement or cardiac ejection fraction less then 40%. Exclusion criteria were age < 18 years, proven malignancy, use of corticosteroids, severe renal and liver failure. Definition of a protocol violation was the intake of less then 5 L or more then 10 L of the nutritional supplement in the preoperative period. Intervention: Patients were split up in three groups by concealed randomisation. One group received the arginine, omega3-PUFAs and nucleotides enriched formula (OIENS). Another group received the OIENS further enriched with glycine (OIENS+glyc). The control group received an isocaloric nutritional supplement without the enrichments.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether doxycycline (Periostat) at a sub-antimicrobial dose will decrease reperfusion injury after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Each year over a million patients worldwide undergo cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). CPB is associated with significant morbidity including the transfusion of allogenic blood products, inflammation and hemodynamic instability. In fact, approximately 20% of all blood products transfused are associated with coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. Transfusion of allogenic blood products is associated with well-documented morbidity and increased mortality after cardiac surgery. Enhanced fibrinolysis contributes to increased blood product transfusion in the perioperative period. The current proposal tests the central hypothesis that endogenous bradykinin contributes to the hemodynamic, fibrinolytic and inflammatory response to CPB and that bradykinin receptor antagonism will reduce hypotension, inflammation and transfusion requirements. In SPECIFIC AIM 1 we will test the hypothesis that the fibrinolytic and inflammatory response to CPB differ during ACE inhibition and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonism. In SPECIFIC AIM 2 we will test the hypothesis that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism attenuates the hemodynamic, fibrinolytic, and inflammatory response to CPB. In SPECIFIC AIM 3 we will test the hypothesis that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism reduces the risk of allogenic blood product transfusion in patients undergoing CPB. These studies promise to provide important information regarding the effects of drugs that interrupt the RAS and generate new strategies to reduce morbidity in patients undergoing CPB.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether N-acetylcysteine is effective in the prophylaxis of post-cardiopulmonary bypass acute renal impairment.
Coronary artery bypass surgery is associated with postoperative cognitive decline, which has largely been attributed to the use of the heart lung machine. We hypothesized that long-term cognitive outcome may improve by avoiding the heart lung machine. The objective of the present study is to compare the effect of coronary bypass surgery with and without heart lung machine on cognitive and clinical outcome, five years after surgery.
Blood activation induced by cardiopulmonary bypass may compromise the postoperative outcome. The goal of this study is to compare blood activation induced by cardiopulmonary bypass performed with centrifugal pump or roller pump in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery.