Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) Biomarkers

Cardiac Arrest Clinical Trial

Official title:

Predicting Neurological Outcome Following Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) by Quantitative Measurement of Serial Serum Biomarkers of Brain Injury.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03112486
• Other study ID #: IRB201700133
• Status: Completed
• Start date: May 26, 2017
• Est. completion date: January 28, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: May 2020
• Source: University of Florida
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Few early prognostic indicators are currently available for patients' families and clinicians following out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), and blood biomarkers may be of prognostic value in these cases. Brain tissue is highly dependent upon aerobic respiration, and oxygen deprivation result in irreversible neuronal cell injury. Peptides released into the blood by injured neuronal cells can be measured to estimate degree of injury, and potentially predict long term neurological outcome.

Description:

Aggressive treatment for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) can result in return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). However, prognosis for these patients remains poor, with low rates of survival to hospital admission and low rates of survival to hospital discharge. Furthermore, due to the exquisite sensitivity to hypoxic injury of neural tissue (dependent on aerobic respiration) relative to that of cardiac muscle, patients for whom ROSC can be obtained often suffer devastating neurological injury, with potential poor long-term neurological outcome. In some ischemic processes, for example, myocardial infarction, rapid measurement of cardiac biomarkers (e.g. Troponin isoform) is invaluable to current diagnosis and management. However, with regards to ischemic brain injury, there is currently no rapid, definitive diagnostic test to prognosticate outcome in OHCA. Biomarkers measurable in blood would have vital applications in prognosis and clinical research of neurological outcome in OHCA.

Other groups have studied the neurological predictive values of biomarkers after OHCA. A variety of proteins including S100B, neuron-specific enolase, and G-FAP, co-peptin, Tau, neurofilament light/ heavy chain, and secretoneurin have been proposed as potential biomarkers of neurological outcome at OHCA. Unfortunately, many of these have been shown to have several drawbacks. For example, some lack specificity due to being released during resuscitation (e.g., S100B is found extracerebrally in muscle, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, creating a confounding factor in CA patients receiving chest compressions). Others have lacked sufficient sensitivity in the prognosticating of neurological outcome (ref). Furthermore, there is a paucity of human studies in cardiac arrest on newer biomarkers that have been studied in other acute brain injury disease processes that could potentially serve as candidate biomarkers predicting neurological outcome at post cardiac arrest hypoxic brain injuries. Biomarkers such as UCH-L1, SBDP, and MBP have not been studied in a OHCA cohort.

The Investigator therefore propose a prospective, observational study in which the investigator will incorporate a minimally invasive and minimal risk measurement of blood biomarkers at time of ROSC. This would be done by drawing blood at ROSC (0-59mins), and additional blood draws at hours 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, and on day 4, 5, and 6. The Investigator will then determine whether biomarker levels correlates with survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, and functional neurologic outcome at discharge and at 6 months. The Investigator intend to sample patients that present to the emergency department with non-CA chest pain in our study as well, which will allow us to draw stable inferences.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 32
• Est. completion date: January 28, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: January 28, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• >18 years old

Study cohort:

• Non-traumatic out of hospital cardiac arrest

• Control cohort:

• Chest pain of non-cardiac etiology

Exclusion Criteria:

Both cohorts:

• Females of child bearing age with positive pregnancy test

• Neurodegenerative disease or other neurological disorder (dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, seizure disorder, or brain tumours)

• History of neurosurgery within the last 30 days Acute brain injury within the last 30 days (ischemic/ haemorrhagic stroke, traumatic brain injury) Subject is anemic OR donated blood within the last 8 weeks OR has a hematological disorder that requires transfusions Subject has history of liver failure OR renal failure

Study cohort:

Advanced directives against resuscitation Traumatic cardiac arrest In hospital cardiac arrest Failure to attain ROSC + visible signs of death (livor mortis, rigor mortis)

Control cohort:

EKG changes: New ST-elevation consistent with myocardial infarction NSTEMI Hemodynamically unstable

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Brain Anoxia Ischemia
• Brain Injuries
• Brain Ischemia
• Cardiac Arrest
• Cardiac Arrest With Successful Resuscitation
• Cardiac Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital
• Heart Arrest
• Hypoxia
• Hypoxia, Brain
• Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain
• Ischemia
• Neurological Outcome
• Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Intervention

Procedure:
• blood draw
Blood draws will be collected via venipuncture or IV at hours 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 (10 draws total). Each draw would be approximately 20 mL of blood (but no less than 10 mL).

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Univeristy of Florida	Gainesville	Florida

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Florida

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (13)

Chan PS, McNally B, Tang F, Kellermann A; CARES Surveillance Group. Recent trends in survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States. Circulation. 2014 Nov 18;130(21):1876-82. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009711. — View Citation

Larsson IM, Wallin E, Rubertsson S, Kristofferzon ML. Health-related quality of life improves during the first six months after cardiac arrest and hypothermia treatment. Resuscitation. 2014 Feb;85(2):215-20. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.09.017. Epub 2013 Oct 2. — View Citation

Laver S, Farrow C, Turner D, Nolan J. Mode of death after admission to an intensive care unit following cardiac arrest. Intensive Care Med. 2004 Nov;30(11):2126-8. Epub 2004 Sep 9. — View Citation

Lim C, Verfaellie M, Schnyer D, Lafleche G, Alexander MP. Recovery, long-term cognitive outcome and quality of life following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. J Rehabil Med. 2014 Jul;46(7):691-7. doi: 10.2340/16501977-1816. — View Citation

Moulaert VR, Verbunt JA, van Heugten CM, Wade DT. Cognitive impairments in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review. Resuscitation. 2009 Mar;80(3):297-305. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.10.034. Epub 2008 Dec 30. Review. — View Citation

Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Adrie C, Aibiki M, Berg RA, Böttiger BW, Callaway C, Clark RS, Geocadin RG, Jauch EC, Kern KB, Laurent I, Longstreth WT Jr, Merchant RM, Morley P, Morrison LJ, Nadkarni V, Peberdy MA, Rivers EP, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Sellke FW, Spaulding C, Sunde K, Vanden Hoek T. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Asia, and the Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa); the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Stroke Council. Circulation. 2008 Dec 2;118(23):2452-83. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190652. Epub 2008 Oct 23. — View Citation

Perkins GD, Jacobs IG, Nadkarni VM, Berg RA, Bhanji F, Biarent D, Bossaert LL, Brett SJ, Chamberlain D, de Caen AR, Deakin CD, Finn JC, Gräsner JT, Hazinski MF, Iwami T, Koster RW, Lim SH, Huei-Ming Ma M, McNally BF, Morley PT, Morrison LJ, Monsieurs KG, Montgomery W, Nichol G, Okada K, Eng Hock Ong M, Travers AH, Nolan JP; Utstein Collaborators. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: a statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015 Sep 29;132(13):1286-300. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000144. Epub 2014 Nov 11. Erratum in: Circulation. 2015 Sep 29;132(13):e168-9. — View Citation

Pusswald G, Fertl E, Faltl M, Auff E. Neurological rehabilitation of severely disabled cardiac arrest survivors. Part II. Life situation of patients and families after treatment. Resuscitation. 2000 Nov;47(3):241-8. — View Citation

Sandroni C, Cavallaro F, Callaway CW, D'Arrigo S, Sanna T, Kuiper MA, Biancone M, Della Marca G, Farcomeni A, Nolan JP. Predictors of poor neurological outcome in adult comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Part 2: Patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation. 2013 Oct;84(10):1324-38. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.06.020. Epub 2013 Jul 3. Review. — View Citation

Sandroni C, Cavallaro F, Callaway CW, Sanna T, D'Arrigo S, Kuiper M, Della Marca G, Nolan JP. Predictors of poor neurological outcome in adult comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Part 1: patients not treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation. 2013 Oct;84(10):1310-23. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.05.013. Epub 2013 Jun 27. Review. — View Citation

Sandroni C, Geocadin RG. Neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2015 Jun;21(3):209-14. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000202. Review. — View Citation

Sasson C, Hegg AJ, Macy M, Park A, Kellermann A, McNally B; CARES Surveillance Group. Prehospital termination of resuscitation in cases of refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 2008 Sep 24;300(12):1432-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.300.12.1432. — View Citation

Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Isasi CR, Jiménez MC, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Rosamond W, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):e38-360. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350. Epub 2015 Dec 16. Erratum in: Circulation. 2016 Apr 12;133(15):e599. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Influence of renal and liver disease on blood biomarker(s) level post-OHCA	Renal and liver disease may affect levels of protein biomarkers after cardiac arrest	1 year
Primary	In-hospital mortality	Higher blood biomarker levels will correlate with reduced rate of survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, and 6-month survival.	1 year
Secondary	Functional neurological outcome at discharge	Higher blood biomarker levels will correlate with higher degree of neurological impairment as measured by Cerebral Performance Category.	1 year
Secondary	Functional neurological outcome at 6 months after discharge	Higher blood biomarker levels will correlate with higher degree of neurological impairment as measured by Cerebral Performance Category.	1 year