Virtual Reality, Pain, Clinical Outcomes, Hydrotherapy, Children, Burn

Burn Clinical Trial

Official title:

Technology and Children's Health: Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain and Clinical Outcomes During Hydrotherapy for Children With Burn

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06160518
• Other study ID #: 0517
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: July 27, 2023
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: March 2024
• Source: Matrouh University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study aims to evaluate the effect of virtual reality on pain and clinical outcomes during hydrotherapy for children with burn.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 60
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: December 25, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 3 Years to 6 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged from 3-6 years.

• Children who do not have a burned face.

• Undergoing hydrotherapy procedure for wound care.

• Able to score their own pain, with or without a visual tool.

• Willing to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Are cognitive or visual impairment.

• Received strong pain killer or sedative medication.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Burn
• Burns
• Hydrotherapy

Intervention

Behavioral:
• Virtual reality
artificial construction of 3D environment via mobile technology. It included a head-mounted device (HMD) with 3D-enabled goggles, sensory input devices and headphones, which together allow a multisensory experience to divert a child's attention.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Egypt	Matrouh university	Mersa Matruh

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Matrouh University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Egypt, 

References & Publications (25)

Ali RR, Selim AO, Abdel Ghafar MA, Abdelraouf OR, Ali OI. Virtual reality as a pain distractor during physical rehabilitation in pediatric burns. Burns. 2022 Mar;48(2):303-308. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.04.031. Epub 2021 May 5. — View Citation

Ang SP, Montuori M, Trimba Y, Maldari N, Patel D, Chen QC. Recent Applications of Virtual Reality for the Management of Pain in Burn and Pediatric Patients. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2021 Jan 14;25(1):4. doi: 10.1007/s11916-020-00917-0. — View Citation

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], (2019). WISQARS data visualization. Available at: https://wisqars-viz.cdc.gov:8006/lcd/home (Accessed on 1 August 2023)

D'Alessandro, L.N., Corrales, I.L., Klein, S., Kondo, D., & Stinson, J. (2022). Using virtual reality distraction during wound management: A brief case report in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa. Pediatric Pain Letter,24(1):1-7.

Dumoulin S, Bouchard S, Ellis J, Lavoie KL, Vezina MP, Charbonneau P, Tardif J, Hajjar A. A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Use of Virtual Reality for Needle-Related Procedures in Children and Adolescents in the Emergency Department. Games Health J. 2019 Aug;8(4):285-293. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2018.0111. Epub 2019 May 24. — View Citation

Eijlers R, Utens EMWJ, Staals LM, de Nijs PFA, Berghmans JM, Wijnen RMH, Hillegers MHJ, Dierckx B, Legerstee JS. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Virtual Reality in Pediatrics: Effects on Pain and Anxiety. Anesth Analg. 2019 Nov;129(5):1344-1353. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004165. — View Citation

Elrod J, Schiestl CM, Mohr C, Landolt MA. Incidence, severity and pattern of burns in children and adolescents: An epidemiological study among immigrant and Swiss patients in Switzerland. Burns. 2019 Aug;45(5):1231-1241. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.02.009. Epub 2019 May 13. — View Citation

Garrido-Ardila EM, Santos-Dominguez M, Rodriguez-Mansilla J, Torres-Piles ST, Rodriguez-Dominguez MT, Gonzalez-Sanchez B, Jimenez-Palomares M. A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions on Pain and Range of Joint Movement Associated with Burn Injuries. J Pers Med. 2022 Jul 31;12(8):1269. doi: 10.3390/jpm12081269. — View Citation

Gerceker GO, Bektas M, Aydinok Y, Oren H, Ellidokuz H, Olgun N. The effect of virtual reality on pain, fear, and anxiety during access of a port with huber needle in pediatric hematology-oncology patients: Randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021 Feb;50:101886. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2020.101886. Epub 2020 Dec 1. — View Citation

Hansen JK, Voss J, Ganatra H, Langner T, Chalise P, Stokes S, Bhavsar D, Kovac AL. Sedation and Analgesia During Pediatric Burn Dressing Change: A Survey of American Burn Association Centers. J Burn Care Res. 2019 Apr 26;40(3):287-293. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irz023. — View Citation

Hoffman HG, Rodriguez RA, Gonzalez M, Bernardy M, Pena R, Beck W, Patterson DR, Meyer WJ 3rd. Immersive Virtual Reality as an Adjunctive Non-opioid Analgesic for Pre-dominantly Latin American Children With Large Severe Burn Wounds During Burn Wound Cleaning in the Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Study. Front Hum Neurosci. 2019 Aug 8;13:262. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00262. eCollection 2019. — View Citation

Jeschke MG, van Baar ME, Choudhry MA, Chung KK, Gibran NS, Logsetty S. Burn injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Feb 13;6(1):11. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-0145-5. — View Citation

Khadra C, Ballard A, Dery J, Paquin D, Fortin JS, Perreault I, Labbe DR, Hoffman HG, Bouchard S, LeMay S. Projector-based virtual reality dome environment for procedural pain and anxiety in young children with burn injuries: a pilot study. J Pain Res. 2018 Feb 14;11:343-353. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S151084. eCollection 2018. — View Citation

Khadra C, Ballard A, Paquin D, Cotes-Turpin C, Hoffman HG, Perreault I, Fortin JS, Bouchard S, Theroux J, Le May S. Effects of a projector-based hybrid virtual reality on pain in young children with burn injuries during hydrotherapy sessions: A within-subject randomized crossover trial. Burns. 2020 Nov;46(7):1571-1584. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.04.006. Epub 2020 May 7. Erratum In: Burns. 2020 Dec 5;: — View Citation

LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J., & Titler, M. G. (2018). Evidence-based practice for nursing and healthcare quality improvement. Elsevier Health Sciences.

McDonnell N. Immersive Technology and Medical Visualisation: A Users Guide. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1156:123-134. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-19385-0_9. — View Citation

Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965 Nov 19;150(3699):971-9. doi: 10.1126/science.150.3699.971. No abstract available. — View Citation

Merkel SI, Voepel-Lewis T, Shayevitz JR, Malviya S. The FLACC: a behavioral scale for scoring postoperative pain in young children. Pediatr Nurs. 1997 May-Jun;23(3):293-7. — View Citation

Norouzkhani N, Chaghian Arani R, Mehrabi H, Bagheri Toolaroud P, Ghorbani Vajargah P, Mollaei A, Hosseini SJ, Firooz M, Falakdami A, Takasi P, Feizkhah A, Saber H, Ghaffarzade H, Nemalhabib A, Ghaffari A, Osuji J, Mobayen M, Karkhah S. Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions on Pain During Wound Care in Burn Patients; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2022 Oct 24;10(1):e84. doi: 10.22037/aaem.v10i1.1756. eCollection 2022. — View Citation

Scapin S, Echevarria-Guanilo ME, Boeira Fuculo Junior PR, Goncalves N, Rocha PK, Coimbra R. Virtual Reality in the treatment of burn patients: A systematic review. Burns. 2018 Sep;44(6):1403-1416. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.11.002. Epub 2018 Feb 1. — View Citation

Smith KL, Wang Y, Colloca L. Impact of Virtual Reality Technology on Pain and Anxiety in Pediatric Burn Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Virtual Real. 2022 Jan;2:751735. doi: 10.3389/frvir.2021.751735. Epub 2022 Jan 6. — View Citation

Sohn D, Ring D, Toy KA, Julian JA, Arnstein P. Pain Relief and the Opioid Crisis in the United States and Canada. Instr Course Lect. 2019;68:639-646. — View Citation

Won AS, Bailey J, Bailenson J, Tataru C, Yoon IA, Golianu B. Immersive Virtual Reality for Pediatric Pain. Children (Basel). 2017 Jun 23;4(7):52. doi: 10.3390/children4070052. — View Citation

World Health Organization [WHO], (2018). Burns. Available at: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/burns (Accessed on 30 July 2023)

Xiang H, Shen J, Wheeler KK, Patterson J, Lever K, Armstrong M, Shi J, Thakkar RK, Groner JI, Noffsinger D, Giles SA, Fabia RB. Efficacy of Smartphone Active and Passive Virtual Reality Distraction vs Standard Care on Burn Pain Among Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jun 1;4(6):e2112082. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12082. — View Citation

* Note: There are 25 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Physiological parameters assessment sheet: respiratory rate	cycle per minure	• 10 minutes before hydrotherapy session. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started without VR. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started using VR. • Immediately before hydrotherapy session VR. • 10 minutes after the hydrotherapy session.
Primary	Physiological parameters assessment sheet heart rate	beat per minute	• 10 minutes before hydrotherapy session. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started without VR. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started using VR. • Immediately before hydrotherapy session VR. • 10 minutes after the hydrotherapy session.
Primary	Physiological parameters assessment sheet:O2 saturation.	More than 95%	• 10 minutes before hydrotherapy session. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started without VR. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started using VR. • Immediately before hydrotherapy session VR. • 10 minutes after the hydrotherapy session.
Primary	The clinical data assessment sheet:cause of burn, total body surface area burned, location of the burn, number of wounds, and the number of hydrotherapy sessions already undergoing.	clinical data	• 10 minutes before hydrotherapy session. .
Secondary	Pain Assessment Scale	The behavioral/observational pain scale that adopted from (Merkel et al, 1997) will be used in this study to evaluate the children's pain intensity using the FLACC categories. Each of the five categories (F)face, (L) Legs, (A) Activity, (C) Cry, (C) Consol ability, is scored 0-2, which result in total pain rating scale 0-10 (0 = no pain, relaxed and comfortable, 10 = severe pain/discomfort).	• 10 minutes before hydrotherapy session. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started without VR. • 5 minutes after hydrotherapy session started using VR. • Immediately before hydrotherapy session VR. • 10 minutes after the hydrotherapy session.