View clinical trials related to Bronchodilation.
Filter by:Dopamine is frequently used as an inotropic drug to elevate cardiac output. In addition to the beneficial cardiac effect of this drug, the few previous studies addressing its ability to alter the airway tone reported controversial results. Thus, the investigators aimed at clarifying the potential of dopamine to alter gas exchange outcomes and the airway tone in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood gas parameters, airway resistance, tissue damping and tissue elastance will be measured in the patients before the CPB, immediately after CPB, and 5 min after administration of dopamine (3 mcg/kg/min). The importance of the research is to reveal whether the beneficial mechanical changes after dopamine administrations are associated with improvements in gas exchange outcomes. Clarification of this research question have scientific relevance and may also improves patient outcomes.
CT studies considering bronchial dimensions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were conducted without control of bronchodilation. Some data however suggest that total lung capacity (CT scan is performed after full inspiration) is increased in individuals affected by chronic or spontaneous bronchoconstriction and may decrease after bronchodilatation. Furthermore, no study has assessed the effect of bronchodilation on CT scans parameters reflecting airway remodelling and emphysema extent in COPD patients. This is a prospective study whose purpose is to assess the effect of bronchodilation on lung CT scan and pulmonary function testing (PFT) in COPD patients.
Studies evaluating response to bronchodilation in flow-volume spirometry and/or by forced oscillations technique (FOT), have been conduced in subjects with obstructive airways diseases. Less is known about bronchodilation responses, assessed by both spirometry and FOT in healthy young subjects. The purpose of the present study is 1. to determine the range of the bronchodilation response in terms of changes in selected spirometric parameters in healthy non-smoking young adults, for identifying normal response after an inhaled bronchodilatory agent versus placebo, and its anthropometric and spirometric determinants 2. to determine the range and characteristics of bronchodilation response using pseudorandom FOT in healthy non-smoking young adults, for identifying normal response after an inhaled bronchodilatory agent versus placebo, and its anthropometric and oscillometric determinants. 3. to compare and correlate eventual changes in spirometric and oscillometric parameters. The investigators hypothesize that exists a normal variation in spirometric and oscillometric parameters after bronchodilation, and that these parameters are correlated.
The final purpose of this study is to determine whether bronchodilation and cigarette smoking in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients interact, resulting in an increase of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this part of the study is to demonstrate the basic mechanism: Does increased respiratory function after administration of a bronchodilator in patients with COPD lead to elevated pulmonary retention of the harmful compounds in inhaled cigarette smoke and to short-term biological effects associated with cardiovascular disease?