View clinical trials related to Bronchiectasis.
Filter by:Bronchiectasis is clinically characterized by irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles leading to persistent cough, purulent sputum, and airway flow limitation, which may be accompanied by recurrent exacerbations.It has been increasingly recognized that respiratory viruses are mainly responsible for acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary diseases, i.e. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. However,little is known about the roles of viral infection in driving exacerbations of bronchiectasis.This study aims to identify the frequency of common viral infections and determine the roles that viruses play in acute exacerbations of bronchiectasis.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic disease arises from progressive airway inflammation and infection. It has been postulated that bacterial infection triggers intense airway inflammation leading to acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis. Antibiotics have been the most potent medications for the treatment of bronchiectasis, however, the sputum bacterial load and inflammatory indices at steady-state and exacerbation remain largely unknown. The investigation might shed light on the roles that antibiotics play in acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis and uncover the mechanisms on why a subgroup of individuals do not respond satisfactorily.
Mechanical devices to increase the individual's bronchial hygiene are commonly used to assist patients with chronic retention of secretions. VAKÜM technology has been recently developed with the aim to improve the respiratory condition in hypersecretive patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical efficacy of VAKÜM technology in patients with hypersecretion, and chronic respiratory diseases a clinical trial has been designed. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases, hypersecretion (sputum production >30 mL/die), and reduced cough efficiency (Peak Cough Expiratory Flow > 150 and < 300 L*min-1) referred to standard pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) will be included. Study design is a single-blind multicentre randomized trial with consecutive recruitment. Following a preliminary run-in period, group comparison will be made between Intervention group using VAKÜM system (Free Aspire, MPR, Legnano-I) added to the conventional manual ELTGOL technique, and Control group using manual ELTGOL alone over 10 daily sessions. Spirometric lung volumes, respiratory muscle strength, arterial blood gases, and quality of life will be recorded in both groups pre-to-post PR. Perceived dyspnea (by VAS scale), sputum volume and characteristics (on a semi-quantitative 3-point scale) and peak expiratory air flows (PEF and PCEF) will be registered on a daily basis over the study period. Primary outcome is the change in perceived dyspnea; in order to ensure 80% power to detect a 5 point (SD 5) group difference change in the primary outcome at the end of the study period as significant at the 0.05 level, at least 42 patients per group are needed. The minimum target sample size will be then fixed at 50 patients per group. An higher and faster significant reduction of the perceived dyspnea is supposed in the Intervention group. Additional benefits among the secondary outcomes are also hypothesised in the same group.
Patients with chronic diseases are at great risk of depression and anxiety.It is known that depression and anxiety are one of the most common comorbidities associated with chronic lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However,to date,little is known about the rates and risk factors of depression and anxiety symptoms in non-CF bronchiectasis;and no large-scale prospective studies have been performed to investigate the effect of depression and anxiety on the healthy outcomes(such as number of exacerbations and hospitalizations over the ensuing year).Our purpose is to fill these gaps.
This is a study to evaluate the efficacy,indications,adverse reactions and resistance of combined administration of nebulized tobramycin compared with systemic administration alone in patients with Bronchiectasis in acute exacerbation of Bronchiectasis.
Metabolomics is a large-scale approach to monitoring the compounds involved in cellular processes. It may reflect changes in biological function. Collection of exhaled breath is a newly developed, noninvasive method that may allow clinicians and researchers to assess biochemical profiles in the airway. This study is conducted for the metabolomic analysis of the exhaled gas in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms in the environment and are now increasingly being recognized as significant causes of chronic pulmonary infection in immunocompetent individuals (1). The most frequently encountered NTM lung disease worldwide is caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellular complex (MAC) (2-4). In several studies with chest computed tomography (CT), researchers have demonstrated that the presence of bilateral multifocal bronchiolitis (well-defined small nodules and branching centrilobular nodules, or tree-in-bud pattern) and bronchiectasis distributed mainly in the right middle lobe and lingular segment are indicative of NTM pulmonary infection (7-11). Accordingly, it is believed that radiologic findings of bilateral bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis on chest CT scans specifically suggest NTM pulmonary infection (1). These CT findings, however, may not be specific for NTM pulmonary infection. CT patterns of bronchiectasis and bronchiolitis in the pulmonary infections caused by various NTM organisms have been reported, and these organisms include Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium xenopi, and rapidly growing mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium chelonae (12-14). In addition, not all patients with bronchiectasis and bronchiolitis have NTM pulmonary infection. Two recent studies showed that only about 50% of patients with such CT features have MAC pulmonary infection (9,15). To the best of our knowledge, however, there is no report about the incidence of NTM in patients with bronchiectasis or bronchiolitis in countries with low incidence of TB. Thus, the purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of NTM pulmonary infection in patients with bilateral bronchiectasis and bronchiolitis at chest CT and to investigate whether these CT findings are specifically indicative of MAC infection or other specific pathogen.
Bronchiectasis can be defined as an abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the bronchial tree due to repeated cycles of inflammation and infection, resulting in progressive loss of lung function. The surgical treatment by pulmonary resection or even lung transplantation is indicated in cases of bronchiectasis primary nonresponsive to appropriate medical treatment, or when associated with serious complications. There are few literature data on the influence of bronchiectasis in exercise capacity, quality of life and functional capacity, and the impact of lung resection in patients with this diagnosis. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate prospectively the impact of lung resection on exercise capacity in patients with clinical and radiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis. The secondary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of lung resection on quality of life and lung function and to analyze the the presence of predictors of postoperative functional deterioration and the occurrence of complications.
The investigators hypothesise that nebulised hypertonic saline (6%) will increase the volume of sputum expectorated over a 24 hour period compared to nebulised isotonic saline (0.9%) in patients with mild to severe stable bronchiectasis.
Background: - Bronchiectasis is a disease characterized by airways that are inflamed, abnormally dilated, and chronically infected. Individuals with bronchiectasis have a history of chronic and recurring respiratory infections. Depending on the underlying cause, these infections may involve the entire respiratory tract, resulting in sinus, ear, and lung disease. - Bronchiectasis continues to be a significant problem in developing countries and in specific groups of individuals, particularly in people who have cystic fibrosis. Although treatments are available or under development for bronchiectasis related to cystic fibrosis, many of the disease-specific treatments may not be effective for bronchiectasis not related to cystic fibrosis. Objectives: - To study the natural history of bronchiectasis to identify inherited and immune factors that may explain why certain individuals have chronic recurring infections. Eligibility: - Individuals 5 years of age and older who have an established diagnosis of bronchiectasis or a history of chronic/recurring respiratory infections. - Direct family members (e.g., parents, siblings, children) of patients in the study may also be asked to participate. Design: - Potential participants will be screened with an initial clinic evaluation and full medical history, as well as a general quality of life and respiratory symptom questionnaire. - The following standard procedures may be done as part of the study: air sampling from the nose; imaging studies, which may include an x-ray or computed tomography (CT), lung function tests; and collection of samples of blood, urine, and sputum (phlegm or mucus). Other tests may be performed as required by the researchers, and will be explained to patients as needed. - Both patients and relatives (if asked to participate) will provide the following samples: blood or buccal (cheek swab) cells for genetic testing, sputum, and urine. - To prevent infections and potential disease progression, patients may receive standard medical care and treatment for bronchiectasis and related infections during this protocol.