View clinical trials related to Brain Damage.
Filter by:Neuronal damage caused by neuroinflammation in patients undergoing major surgery is the most determinant factor of postoperative cognitive disfunction (POCD). Neuronal damage can be detected through the measurement of biochemical markers of brain damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate neuronal damage and its association with POCD during liver transplantations. After the approval of the ethics committee and patient consents, preoperative and postoperative cognitive functions of 33 patients undergoing liver transplantation (LTx) were measured using the Mini Mental Test (MMT) whereas simultaneous neuronal damage was evaluated through the measurement of S-100 beta (S100β), Neuron specific enolase (NSE) and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels. As a result, there was no statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative MMTs. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in postoperative GFAP and a statistically significant increase in NSE compared to preoperative values. The decrease in S100β level was statistically insignificant. In conclusion, neuroprotective approaches in the investigator's anesthesia protocol protect patients from brain damage during liver transplantation and prevent the development of POCD, which was indicated by the insignificant change in MMT scores and S100β level and the significant decrease in GFAP. Since the significant increase in NSE levels during liver transplantations was deemed to might have been associated with causes other than neuronal damage, NSE should not be evaluated as a marker of brain damage in these operations.
Due to brain damage acquired (BDA), is often difficulty in gait and balance alterations, as problems that patients designated as the most disabling. It is essential to an effective assessment of the balance. Objective: The purpose of the present project adapt and verify the validity of the scale MiniBESTest, version of the BESTest, in patients with BDA in subacute and chronic stage, since that is postulated as a brief tool and covering the peculiarities of the specific alterations of the patient after suffering brain damage. Methodology: Between September 2019 and December 2020 will be transcultural adaptation to the BDA and validation of psychometric scale Mini-BESTest in three phases. 60 subjects who receive treatment in the center of attention State reference to brain damage (CEADAC), together with the comunidad de Madrid private neurological rehabilitation centers will be recruited. Results: validity and reliability parameters shall be calculated by means of descriptive statistics for each item of the scales and the set of scale score. You will also analyze the internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, the interclass correlation coefficient will be used to determine the reliability, and the items will be scanned with the Pearson coefficient: > 0.20, among other parameters.
Empirical research shows that deficits in executive/monitoring abilities (inhibition, error detection, problem solving) following acquired brain injury produce serious impact on patient's daily life performance. The authors developed an intervention method aimed at improving "on-line" error detection and correction abilities during performance of naturalistic action. Patients will be asked to complete two significant everyday activities (e.g. making a sandwich and setting the kitchen table for four people) while increasing the level of monitoring requirements as their performance improve. Monitoring requirements increased by presenting new semantically and physically related distractors and increasing the number of conflicting/problem solving situations. The treatment involves a metacognitive contextual intervention program based on providing systematic online/offline-feedback on their own performance, with emphasis on making the patient aware of how to deal with distracting/conflicting situations that were previously failed. The authors predict that errors committed and addressed through the feedback sessions (errors, actions towards distractors, failures to detect/solve conflicting situations) will be reduced on post-intervention performance compared to baseline. The authors also expect behavioral improvements to generalize to trained tasks but adding new distractors/conflicting situations or even to untrained tasks.
Transcranial Doppler is a noninvasive tool. Using velocity measurements and pulsatility index it allows the evaluation of cerebral haemodynamics. In patients presenting brain injury cerebral perfusion may be impaired. Indirect cerebral blood flow can be monitored and risk of neurological worsening can be detected using transcranial Doppler. Education and performance of emergency physicians must be evaluated on brain-injured patients because this tool is operator dependent. The main objective of this study is to estimate the average number of exams required to learn transcranial Doppler within junior emergency physicians with the achievement of their learning curve. We will perform a prospective, monocentric, observational study within the neurosurgical resuscitation department of Grenoble Alpes University Hospital.
Pupillar diameter variation to predict success or failure of external ventricular derivation clamping. Pupillometry utilisation as a diagnostic tool in external ventricular clamping test in neurological ICU should improve patients care in several ways : - earlier use of ventriculo-peritoneal or ventriculo-atrial shunts to shorten the external ventricular treatment duration and thus reduce risks of infection and hospital stay duration - limit the medical imagery prescription and radiation exposition - avoid neurological deterioration linked to the external ventricular drain clamping in case of the pupillometric parameters variation would be earlier than clinical signs
Acquired brain damage patients usually show severe cognitive deficit that alter their performance on every day life activities. Some of them suffer anosognosia and they are not aware of their own limitations. This situation increases disability by producing a large number of unsafe behaviours, caregivers burn-out and impede rehabilitation by affecting patients desire to follow treatment instructions. From disciplines like Neuropsychology, Cognitive Neuroscience or Occupational Therapy, it is considered a crucial issue to investigate the cognitive and neural mechanisms responsible of anosognosia, as well as to increase our knowledge about the most efficient treatments to deal with this phenomenon. The main general objective of this project is to generate and validate a detailed cognitive assessment protocol within the context of ADL to evaluate the different cognitive components of consciousness proposed on the Toglia and Kirk´s model: 1) Offline componente: metacognitive knowledge and 2) Online component: emergent awareness, self-regulation, anticipatory awareness, self-evaluation and updating processes).
The presence of damage to the central and / or peripheral nervous system resulting from pathologies of a different nature (such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, dementia, cranial trauma, stroke, epilepsy or other neurological syndromes) is commonly a cause of physical and mental disability. The presence of memory or language cognitive deficits is often evident at a first clinical examination. However, difficulties in cognitive areas such as decision-making, social and emotional cognition or particular forms of learning may be less evident, while exerting a strong impact on the quality of life of patients. The main purpose of this proposal is to investigate cognitive abilities in patients with neurological damage, through a series of specific tasks. In addition, the contribution of specific brain areas to the cognitive tasks will be assessed by direct modulation of brain activity. This modulation will be achieved by using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Direct Transcranial Electric Stimulation (tDCS).
End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the last stage (stage 5) of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abnormalities of cognitive function and high levels of depression or anxiety incidence are characteristic of hemodialysis patients. In this research project, the investigators subject in ESRD patients starting hemodialysis as the carrier. Based on the longitudinal research design, using multimodal neuroimaging data，combining with the interact relationship between changes of brain morphology, the dysfunction of resting-state and-task state with cognitive impairment and abnormal emotions.Establish brain structure-function change model associated with dialysis progression, Explore imaging markers of central and disease development characteristics in ESRD patients. the investigators attempt to clarify the core mechanism of kidney-brain axis damage, thus provide evidence for early cognitive-behavioral therapy to CKD patient.
This research centers on the comparison of the immediate efficacy (right after therapy) and the maintained efficacy (3 months and 6 months) between "Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy" (mCIMT) group and control group at different age.