View clinical trials related to Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Filter by:Antibody-mediated inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (also known as autoimmune diseases of the nervous system) are autoimmune diseases in which autoimmune cells and immune molecules attack the nervous system as the main pathogenic mechanism. In the immune response, pathogenic antibodies acting on autoantigens of the nervous system are collectively referred to as autoantibodies of the nervous system, and antibody-mediated inflammatory diseases of the nervous system can occur in the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and neuromuscular junctions, and muscles. In this study, we will recruit eight kinds of autoimmune diseases of nervous system including Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), Myasthenia Gravis (MG), Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), idiopathic inflammatory myopathyand (IIM), multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune encephalitis (AE), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD) and POEMS Syndrome. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is expressed on the surface of plasma cells, thus making it an ideal target for targeted therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells against BCMA offers another potential therapeutic option to eliminate plasma cells in patients with neurological autoimmune diseases driven by abnormal antibody who still suffer recurrent attacks from conventional treatments. In the current study, the safety and efficacy of a novel CAR-T cell therapy using CT103A cells, are evaluated in patients with relapsed/refractory antibody-mediated idiopathic inflammatory diseases.
Determine the difference in the modified Rankin score at 16 weeks in participants with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis treated with "first-line" immunomodulatory therapies provided as standard-of-care, and either inebilizumab (investigational agent) or placebo.
Herpes Simplex Virus encephalitis is the most common infectious encephalitis, with an estimated annual incidence of 1 / 250,000 to 1 / 500,000 in industrialized countries. Despite a widely used antiviral treatment, the prognosis remains poor with a mortality of 5 to 20% and a considerable morbidity rate. One of the contributing factors of bad prognosis is the development of encephalitis mediated by autoantibodies, most often directed against NMDA receptors, in the weeks following viral encephalitis. The description of this pathology is recent, the pathophysiology of this process remains poorly understood, and the management of these patients is not yet codified.
Autoimmune Encephalitis is a disorder of the central nervous system caused by bodily substances, called antibodies. Antibodies normally help the body to prevent infections. However, in this disorder, the antibodies turn against the body itself and especially against cells in the brain and disturb the normal brain function. They are therefore called autoantibodies. There is no specific therapy for patients with autoimmune encephalitis so far. At the moment, the symptoms are treated with approved medications such as cortisone and immunotherapies also used in oncology. These therapies are unspecified and aim to reduce the number of autoantibodies and to contain the autoimmune process. In this trial we aim to test a new therapy option: in this therapy the body cells producing autoantibodies will be specifically targeted by a substance called bortezomib. The trial addresses patients with severe autoimmune encephalitis. The aim of the trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib in patients with severe autoimmune encephalitis.
Autoimmune encephalitis represents a group of rare and heterogeneous neurological disorders. Pathophysiological mechanisms in these diseases are still unknown. Recently, oculomotor and neurovisual disorders have been described. Cerebral areas and neuronal networks associated with these abnormalities are well described. The investigator proposes to study and describe such neuro-ophthalmological disorders in a prospective cohort of patients with a autoimmune encephalitis, to better understand the pathophysiological basis of this neurological condition.
The study is to explore the treatment effects and long-term prognosis (12 months and 24 months after immunotherapy) by comparing the early plasma exchange (PE) combined with medication therapy with the PE after medication immunotherapy in autoimmune encephalitis (AE) patients, to make clear that the early PE can be more effective than the treatment of PE after medication immunotherapy. As well as, the study is to explore whether PE is also effective in AE with autoantibody synthesis in the sheath, positive cerebrospinal fluid antibody and seronegative.
A randomised phase II double-blinded placebo-controlled trial designed to explore the utility of immunotherapy for patients with acute psychosis associated with anti-neuronal membranes (NMDA-receptor or Voltage Gated Potassium Channel). Primary objective: To test the efficacy of immunotherapy (IVIG and rituximab) for patients with acute psychosis associated with anti-neuronal membranes. Secondary objective: To test safety of immunotherapy (IVIG and rituximab) for patients with acute psychosis associated with anti-neuronal membranes.