View clinical trials related to Appetite Disorders.
Filter by:This study investigated the short-term effects of fruit juice enriched with Vitamin D3 or n-3 PUFA or probiotics and the combination of the three ingredients on glucose metabolism.
The incidence of oesophagogastric cancer has increased by 400% since the 1970s in Ireland and the United Kingdom. In addition, refinement of perioperative management and the now widespread use of multimodal protocols for patients with locally advanced disease have significantly improved outcomes for patients with oesophagogastric cancer treatable with curative intent. Despite significant advances in chemoradiotherapy, surgical resection remains the primary curative option. Unintentional weight loss and nutritional complications represent serious concerns for patients after radical resection, even among those who remain free from recurrent disease in the long-term. A study from the Swedish Esophageal and Cardia Cancer Registry reported a mean three year weight loss of 10.8% among disease-free patients, with 33.8% of this cohort demonstrating malnutrition at three years post-oesophagectomy. Mechanisms contributing to weight loss for disease-free patients after upper gastrointestinal surgery are poorly understood, however an association between increasing magnitude of weight loss and the presence of increased satiety is described. Our recent studies at SJH have demonstrated four fold elevated postprandial satiety gut hormone concentrations after oesophagectomy, compared with baseline preoperative values. Postprandial gut hormone levels correlate significantly with postprandial symptoms and altered appetite at 3 months postoperatively, and with body weight loss at 2 years postoperatively. However, the mechanism leading to exaggerated postprandial gut hormone production after upper gastrointestinal surgery is poorly understood, limiting targeted therapeutic options. In this study, we aim to characterise the role of altered nutrient transit and enteroendocrine cell function in the pathophysiology of excessive post-prandial gut hormone responses after upper gastrointestinal surgery. To do this, we will measure the gut hormone response to a standardised 400 kcal meal, as per previous studies, while concurrently assessing gastrointestinal transit time, and enteroendocrine cell morphology and function. In this way, we will determine whether the magnitude of the postprandial gut hormone response correlates with the rate of nutrient transit into the enteroendocrine L-cell rich small intestine, and whether enteroendocrine cell adaptation occurs after oesophagectomy. Furthermore, we have previously observed that gut hormone suppression using octreotide is associated with increased ad libitum among subjects after upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery (Elliott JA et al, Annals of Surgery, 2015). The mechanism of action of octreotide may relate to SSTR-5-mediated negative feedback to the enteroendocrine L-cell, but this medication may additionally reduce enteroendocrine L-cell responses through its inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility - reducing the rapidity with which nutrients are delivered to the small intestine - and small intestinal nutrient sensing via inhibition of the Na+-dependent glucose transporter SGLT-18-10. Through conduction of this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study, we aim to establish the mechanism of action of octreotide-mediated increased food intake in patients after gastrointestinal surgery. This may inform the design of future targeted interventions for this patient group.
This study will examine the effects of almonds consumed by adults with different body fat distributions on indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
The global research project was organized as a clinical process starting with an evaluation aiming at the determination of a diagnosis pertaining to the degree of satiety signal capacity. It was extended by a phase of metabolic and behavioural characterization to better understand the clinical condition of the patients. The main part of the program was a weight loss intervention that was focused on high satiating foods. Finally, the process was completed by an evaluation allowing to determine the impact of the intervention on the metabolic and behavioural conditions of the patients.
Anorexia means loss of appetite. But there is disagreement about whether the appetite is changed by the disease anorexia nervosa (AN). Appetite is a subjective essential sense, which is regulated in a complex ensemble between brain, stomach - intestinal system and hormones. As a direct result of malnutrition, there are many somatic complications caused by the disease AN. Several of these complications may in itself affect hunger- and satiety perception. An example of this is delayed gastric emptying. Furthermore, changes in the hormone systems affects the biological "reward system" in the brain, which plays an important role in appetite regulation. There is clearly need for research that could lead to better treatments for AN. Hunger- and satiety perception has only been studied in a few small cross-sectional studies with no clear conclusion. The purpose of the study is to determine whether a visual analog scale measurement can detect changes in hunger- and satiety perception in a least 30 patients admitted to nutrition for life-threatening severe anorexia nervosa. It may lead to the first step in the development of a simple and inexpensive instrument which may prove to be useful in measuring the impact of new and ongoing treatments of the disease.
Assessing 5 different milk derived proteins versus placebo for appetite regulation and satiety, delivered via shake vehicle.