View clinical trials related to Antibiotic Use.
Filter by:Antibiotic resistance is a global health threats that require attention from all healthcare providers. In Periodontology, antibiotic is prescribed in many clinical situations. The aim of this study is to assess the followings among Periodontists (1) The knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards antibiotics and antibiotic resistance; (2) The prescribing practices of antibiotics in periodontal therapy; (3) The correlation between personal perception of antibiotics uses and the professional prescription patterns; and (4) The differences in antibiotics prescription in relation to the years of experience and the academic background.
The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of health education int led by community health workers for non-prescription antibiotic use among the public. In this two arm cluster randomised trial, In this two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, 22 communities were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, family doctors will conduct WeChat-based health education on responsible use of antibiotic for the participants. In the control group, only routine public health education will be provided without any involvement in antibiotic use. The primary outcome is the incidence of antibiotic use without prescription in the past month.
The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the impacts of an attachment-based intervention (Attachment Biobehavioral Catch-Up (ABC) and Home Book-of-the-Week (HBOW) program on emerging health outcomes (i.e., common childhood illnesses, body mass index, and sleep) in low-income Latino children (N=260; 9 months at enrollment). It is hypothesized that children randomized to ABC will have better health outcomes in comparison to the HBOW control group.
National guidelines make two recommendations for treatment of young children with mild pneumonia - one to avoid routine antibiotics and another to use narrow-spectrum antibiotics. No studies have compared the effectiveness of these two approaches. This pilot study will evaluate study processes and feasibility of a future clinical trial that proposes to test whether low-risk children managed as outpatients with mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated with supportive treatment without antibiotics will have a similar clinical response, with fewer adverse effects, compared with those treated with a supportive treatment plan that includes antibiotics.
This pilot study will evaluate study processes and feasibility of a future large-scale clinical trial that proposes to test whether low-risk children managed as outpatients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels <0.25 ng/mL treated with placebo have a similar clinical response to those treated with antibiotics and fewer adverse effects.
This study is a prospective, multi-institutional, noninferiority, randomized control trial that will compare the efficacy of two antibiotic treatments in preventing SSI in patients receiving immediate breast reconstruction with tissue expanders (TE-BR). The patients will be randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups. One group will receive a single dose of antibiotics just before surgery and if necessary, more doses during the surgery. The other group will receive the same treatment as the first group, along with an additional week of antibiotics after surgery. The study will assess the rates of SSI from the two groups. It will also assess the type, duration and method (oral vs. intravenous) of subsequent antibiotic use for patients who develop SSIs in each group.
The study aims to develop community-based interventions targetting inappropriate antibiotic dispensing and use behaviours in rural Vietnam and has 3 research components. Community and primary healthcare interventions: The investigators will conduct a four-armed cluster randomised controlled trial. The first arm will be a control arm with no interventions. The second intervention arm will have a basic antimicrobial stewardship intervention, involving working with the Ministry of Health, Medical Services Administration to revise guidelines for antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections (ARI) in primary care, and then training primary healthcare doctors in their use. The third intervention arm will have basic antimicrobial stewardship guidelines and training for primary healthcare doctors, plus educational materials for the community, disseminated through posters, leaflets and local media channels. The fourth intervention arm will use a participatory action research approach to engage primary healthcare doctors and communities, in addition to the basic guidelines and training materials. The participatory action research approach will train local facilitators to lead community and health-worker groups through a cycle of problem identification, strategy development, implementation and review, focusing on inappropriate human and small-scale agricultural use of antibiotics. Hospital interventions: The investigators will work with Provincial and District Hospitals serving these communities to implement quality improvement cycles for antibiotic stewardship, also using a participatory action research approach. This will also follow a cycle of a cycle of problem identification, strategy development, implementation and review.
The investigators' objective is to compare the risk of treatment failure* in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with sepsis and managed by procalcitonin guided therapy for stopping of antibiotics ('PCT- guided therapy' group) with those managed with standard practices based on the evidence based guidelines ('control' group). Children with suspected or proven sepsis will be randomized to the PCT guided group or the standard practices group and will be followed up for the outcome measures that include treatment failure and mortality. The investigators plan to enroll 560 patients over a period of 3 years. The investigators believe that the proposed study will provide the answer to reducing unnecessary antibiotic usage in the PICU without causing any harm to the patient in the form of treatment failure and/or mortality.
The investigators will conduct two rural surveys in Thailand and Lao PDR to improve the understanding of antibiotic-related health behaviour among the general population. One survey will capture a cross-section of health behaviours that is representative for the rural population in Chiang Rai (Thailand) and Salavan (Lao PDR), the other survey will create a two round village-level panel data set to study the evolution of health behaviours in the context of public engagement activities. The investigators will also collect complementary data about village-level infrastructure through observational check-lists, and collect secondary data on patient load from primary care units catering to their survey villages. As part of the questionnaire testing process, the investigators will conduct (and collect as primary data) cognitive interviews to improve the survey tool, to interpret their data, and to justify their methodological choices.
This study aims to implement judicious antibiotic prescription habits to primary care pediatricians using a multifacet educational intervention and assess two main outcomes: 1) Direct outcome - prescription rates of the physicians. 2)Indirect outcome - carriage of antibiotic resistant bacteria by the treated population, specifically nasopharyngeal S. pneumoniae, nasal S. aureus and rectal E.coli.