Analgesia Duration of Dexamethasone, Buprenorphine, or Clonidine With Ropivacaine for Interscalene Nerve Block

Anesthesia, Local Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Prospective Triple-masked Randomized Controlled Trial Measuring Analgesia Duration of Dexamethasone, Buprenorphine, or Clonidine With Ropivacaine for Interscalene Nerve Block

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03117140
• Other study ID #: 201304727
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: December 2013
• Est. completion date: March 2017

Study information

• Verified date: July 2018
• Source: University of Iowa
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This is a prospective randomized controlled triple-masked study looking at the duration of nerve block analgesia when using the listed adjuvants (dexamethasone, buprenorphine and clonidine) plus ropivacaine versus plain ropivacaine alone.

Description:

This is a prospective randomized controlled triple-masked study looking at the duration of nerve block analgesia when using the listed adjuvants (dexamethasone, buprenorphine and clonidine) plus ropivacaine versus plain ropivacaine alone. This will be looked on on patients undergoing painful shoulder surgery in the ambulatory surgery center. Patients will be randomized to one of four groups (1. 0.75% plain ropivacaine. The reference comparator 2. A mixture of 0.75% ropivacaine with 300 mcg buprenorphine 3. A mixture of 0.75% ropivacaine with 75 mcg clonidine 4. A mixture of 0.75% ropivacaine with and 8mg dexamethasone) for their regimen in the interscalene block for their surgery. The patients will then be called within 3 days post-operatively to follow-up. Follow-up data collected will be when did the patient experience return of pain to the operative limb (duration of analgesia), when did the patient experience return of motor function of the operative limb (duration of motor block) and when did the patient experience return of sensation of the operative limb (return of sensory block). All three of these adjuvants have been studied previously and shown to have increased analgesic duration with local anesthesia, but have never had a good comparative study. The mechanism of action of the analgesia for these adjuvants pain relief has never been shown although it is likely a indirect effect as there are animal studies looking at their effect on A and C fibers that did not show those results.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 160
• Est. completion date: March 2017
• Est. primary completion date: March 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients who have or are:

1. Orthopedics service patients having shoulder surgery

2. ASA(American Society of Anesthesiologists) class I, II, or III.

3. Patients at least 18 years old but less than 71 years old.

4. Patients giving informed consent.

5. Non-Emergency Surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who have or are:

1. An inability to cooperate during the block placement.

2. Neuropathy of the planned extremity to block

3. Diabetes

4. Documented Kidney Disease

5. Documented Liver Disease

6. A lack of or inability to give informed consent.

7. Currently incarcerated.

8. Pregnant

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Anesthesia, Local

Intervention

Drug:
• Ropivacaine 0.75%
Only ropivacaine 0.75% is administered for this arm of the interscalene block
• Ropivacaine 0.75% + 300 mcg Buprenorphine
Ropivacaine 0.75% + 300 mcg Buprenorphine is administered for this arm of the interscalene block
• Ropivacaine 0.75% + 75 mcg clonidine
Ropivacaine 0.75% + 75 mcg Clonidine is administered for this arm of the interscalene block
• Ropivacaine 0.75% + 8 mg dexamethasone
Ropivacaine 0.75% + 8 mg Dexamethasone is administered for this arm of the interscalene block

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Ambulatory Surgery Clinic	Iowa City	Iowa

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Melinda Seering

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (33)

Ahadian FM, McGreevy K, Schulteis G. Lumbar transforaminal epidural dexamethasone: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, dose-response trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 Nov-Dec;36(6):572-8. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e318232e843. — View Citation

Auroy Y, Benhamou D, Bargues L, Ecoffey C, Falissard B, Mercier FJ, Bouaziz H, Samii K. Major complications of regional anesthesia in France: The SOS Regional Anesthesia Hotline Service. Anesthesiology. 2002 Nov;97(5):1274-80. Erratum in: Anesthesiology. 2003 Feb;98(2):595. Mercier Frédéric [corrected to Mercier Frédéric J]. — View Citation

Bonhomme V, Doll A, Dewandre PY, Brichant JF, Ghassempour K, Hans P. Epidural administration of low-dose morphine combined with clonidine for postoperative analgesia after lumbar disc surgery. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2002 Jan;14(1):1-6. — View Citation

Brummett CM, Williams BA. Additives to local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blockade. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2011 Fall;49(4):104-16. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0b013e31820e4a49. Review. — View Citation

Candido KD, Franco CD, Khan MA, Winnie AP, Raja DS. Buprenorphine added to the local anesthetic for brachial plexus block to provide postoperative analgesia in outpatients. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001 Jul-Aug;26(4):352-6. — View Citation

Candido KD, Hennes J, Gonzalez S, Mikat-Stevens M, Pinzur M, Vasic V, Knezevic NN. Buprenorphine enhances and prolongs the postoperative analgesic effect of bupivacaine in patients receiving infragluteal sciatic nerve block. Anesthesiology. 2010 Dec;113(6):1419-26. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181f90ce8. — View Citation

Candido KD, Winnie AP, Ghaleb AH, Fattouh MW, Franco CD. Buprenorphine added to the local anesthetic for axillary brachial plexus block prolongs postoperative analgesia. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2002 Mar-Apr;27(2):162-7. — View Citation

Capdevila X, Pirat P, Bringuier S, Gaertner E, Singelyn F, Bernard N, Choquet O, Bouaziz H, Bonnet F; French Study Group on Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Continuous peripheral nerve blocks in hospital wards after orthopedic surgery: a multicenter prospective analysis of the quality of postoperative analgesia and complications in 1,416 patients. Anesthesiology. 2005 Nov;103(5):1035-45. — View Citation

Casati A, Magistris L, Fanelli G, Beccaria P, Cappelleri G, Aldegheri G, Torri G. Small-dose clonidine prolongs postoperative analgesia after sciatic-femoral nerve block with 0.75% ropivacaine for foot surgery. Anesth Analg. 2000 Aug;91(2):388-92. — View Citation

Couture DJ, Cuniff HM, Maye JP, Pellegrini J. The addition of clonidine to bupivacaine in combined femoral-sciatic nerve block for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. AANA J. 2004 Aug;72(4):273-8. — View Citation

Cummings KC 3rd, Napierkowski DE, Parra-Sanchez I, Kurz A, Dalton JE, Brems JJ, Sessler DI. Effect of dexamethasone on the duration of interscalene nerve blocks with ropivacaine or bupivacaine. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Sep;107(3):446-53. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer159. Epub 2011 Jun 14. — View Citation

Duma A, Urbanek B, Sitzwohl C, Kreiger A, Zimpfer M, Kapral S. Clonidine as an adjuvant to local anaesthetic axillary brachial plexus block: a randomized, controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2005 Jan;94(1):112-6. Epub 2004 Oct 29. — View Citation

Ilfeld BM, Morey TE, Enneking FK. Continuous infraclavicular brachial plexus block for postoperative pain control at home: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesiology. 2002 Jun;96(6):1297-304. — View Citation

Ilfeld BM, Morey TE, Thannikary LJ, Wright TW, Enneking FK. Clonidine added to a continuous interscalene ropivacaine perineural infusion to improve postoperative analgesia: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2005 Apr;100(4):1172-8. — View Citation

Ilfeld BM, Morey TE, Wang RD, Enneking FK. Continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block for postoperative pain control at home: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesiology. 2002 Oct;97(4):959-65. — View Citation

Ilfeld BM, Vandenborne K, Duncan PW, Sessler DI, Enneking FK, Shuster JJ, Theriaque DW, Chmielewski TL, Spadoni EH, Wright TW. Ambulatory continuous interscalene nerve blocks decrease the time to discharge readiness after total shoulder arthroplasty: a randomized, triple-masked, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesiology. 2006 Nov;105(5):999-1007. — View Citation

Ip VH, Tsui BC. Practical concepts in the monitoring of injection pressures during peripheral nerve blocks. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2011 Fall;49(4):67-80. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0b013e31821775bc. Review. — View Citation

Kawamoto S, Tatsumi K, Kataoka T, Kamikawa T, Yanagida T, Mandai R. [Comparison of intrathecal morphine and buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia in cesarean delivery]. Masui. 2011 Aug;60(8):892-6. Japanese. — View Citation

Kim YJ, Lee GY, Kim DY, Kim CH, Baik HJ, Heo S. Dexamathasone added to levobupivacaine improves postoperative analgesia in ultrasound guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012 Feb;62(2):130-4. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2012.62.2.130. Epub 2012 Feb 20. — View Citation

Laur JJ, Chehade JM, Merrill DG. Managing neural dysfunction after regional anesthesia: experience in a walk-in follow-up clinic. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2011 Summer;49(3):44-55. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0b013e318217fe85. — View Citation

Modi M, Rastogi S, Kumar A. Buprenorphine with bupivacaine for intraoral nerve blocks to provide postoperative analgesia in outpatients after minor oral surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Dec;67(12):2571-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.07.014. — View Citation

Movafegh A, Razazian M, Hajimaohamadi F, Meysamie A. Dexamethasone added to lidocaine prolongs axillary brachial plexus blockade. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jan;102(1):263-7. — View Citation

Neal JM, Bernards CM, Hadzic A, Hebl JR, Hogan QH, Horlocker TT, Lee LA, Rathmell JP, Sorenson EJ, Suresh S, Wedel DJ. ASRA Practice Advisory on Neurologic Complications in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008 Sep-Oct;33(5):404-15. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2008.07.527. — View Citation

Saporito A, Sturini E, Petri J, Borgeat A, Aguirre JA. Case report: unusual complication during outpatient continuous regional popliteal analgesia. Can J Anaesth. 2012 Oct;59(10):958-62. Epub 2012 Jul 25. — View Citation

Sripada R, Bowens C Jr. Regional anesthesia procedures for shoulder and upper arm surgery upper extremity update--2005 to present. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2012 Winter;50(1):26-46. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0b013e31821a0284. Review. — View Citation

Tsui BC, Li LX, Pillay JJ. Compressed air injection technique to standardize block injection pressures. Can J Anaesth. 2006 Nov;53(11):1098-102. — View Citation

Vieira PA, Pulai I, Tsao GC, Manikantan P, Keller B, Connelly NR. Dexamethasone with bupivacaine increases duration of analgesia in ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010 Mar;27(3):285-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283350c38. — View Citation

Vukovic J, Ramakrishnan P, Milan Z. Does epidural clonidine improve postoperative analgesia in major vascular surgery? Med Glas (Zenica). 2012 Feb;9(1):49-55. — View Citation

Walker SM, Yaksh TL. Neuraxial analgesia in neonates and infants: a review of clinical and preclinical strategies for the development of safety and efficacy data. Anesth Analg. 2012 Sep;115(3):638-62. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31826253f2. Epub 2012 Jul 13. Review. — View Citation

White PF, Issioui T, Skrivanek GD, Early JS, Wakefield C. The use of a continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block after surgery involving the foot and ankle: does it improve the quality of recovery? Anesth Analg. 2003 Nov;97(5):1303-9. Erratum in: Anesth Analg. 2003 Dec;97(6):1557. — View Citation

Williams BA, Hough KA, Tsui BY, Ibinson JW, Gold MS, Gebhart GF. Neurotoxicity of adjuvants used in perineural anesthesia and analgesia in comparison with ropivacaine. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011 May-Jun;36(3):225-30. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3182176f70. — View Citation

Williams BA. Forecast for perineural analgesia procedures for ambulatory surgery of the knee, foot, and ankle: applying patient-centered paradigm shifts. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2012 Winter;50(1):126-42. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0b013e31821a00d0. — View Citation

Yilmaz-Rastoder E, Gold MS, Hough KA, Gebhart GF, Williams BA. Effect of adjuvant drugs on the action of local anesthetics in isolated rat sciatic nerves. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2012 Jul-Aug;37(4):403-9. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3182485965. — View Citation

* Note: There are 33 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Surgical Position	Surgical position was recorded	Post-op Day 0 (Baseline)
Other	Surgical Length	Surgical length was recorded	Post op Day 0 (Baseline)
Primary	Duration of Analgesia	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when the analgesia of their nerve block wore off	1-3 days post-operative
Secondary	Block Set up Time	Patients are assessed from needle removal to when they are no longer able to feel cold on the blocked extremity	Day one
Secondary	Sensory Duration of Block	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when the sensory component of their nerve block wore off	Day 1-3
Secondary	Patient Reporting Vomiting at Home	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess if they had any side effects of the adjuvants such as nausea, vomiting or itching. There blood pressure is looked at pre-op and compared to post-op. Any prolonged PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) stay for sedation is recorded.	1-3 days
Secondary	Number of Patients Vomiting in the PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit)	Vomiting in PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) for patients was looked at	Post-op Day 0 (Baseline)
Secondary	Number of Patients Reporting Nausea at Home	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess if they had any side effects of the adjuvants such as nausea, vomiting or itching. There blood pressure is looked at pre-op and compared to post-op. Any prolonged PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) stay for sedation is recorded.	1-3 days
Secondary	Number of Patients Reporting Nausea in the PACU	PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) assessment of nausea	Post-op day 0 (Baseline)
Secondary	Motor Duration of Block	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when motor component of their nerve block wore off	Day 1-3
Secondary	Number of Patients With Blood Pressure (BP) Changes in the PACU	Blood pressure changes in PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) for patients was looked at	Post-op Day 0 (baseline)
Secondary	Number of Patient With Blood Pressure Changes in the Second Stage Recovery Area	Blood pressure changes in Second Stage Recovery Area for patients was looked at	Post-op Day 0 (baseline)
Secondary	Pain Score Reported by Patients at First Phone Call	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess pain. Pain score is 0-10 scale with 0 is no pain and 10 is most severe pain.	Day 1-3
Secondary	Number of Patients Reporting Itching in the PACU	Patients itching was assessed post-op in the PACU.	Post-op day 0 (baseline)
Secondary	Number of Patients Reporting Itching at Home	Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess if they had any side effects of the adjuvants such as nausea, vomiting or itching. There blood pressure is looked at pre-op and compared to post-op. Any prolonged PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) stay for sedation is recorded.	1-3 days