View clinical trials related to Airway Obstruction.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to compare the Vivaer procedure with radiofrequency (RF) energy to sham procedure for treatment of nasal airway obstruction (NAO).
This study evaluates the risk factors for difficult tracheal intubation in in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients undergoing uvulo-palato-pharyngoplast(UPPP)
The purpose of this prospective pilot provider adoption study was to evaluate user experience a new airway device in adult patients with airway obstruction under deep sedation. Fifteen hospital systems served as testing sites. Fifty-four anaesthetist providers reported their experience with the airway device in 84 cases across two phases of surveying.
This study aims at :- 1. detecting the prevelance of snoring and OSA in non-obese patients 2. identify their diagnostic profile in order to provide proper management
The current study is designed to examine underlying mechanisms of action of lingual muscles in the maintenance of airway patency during sleep. The investigators' major hypothesis is that specific tongue muscles are responsible for relieving upper airway obstruction during sleep.
Background: Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is often described as an uncommon cause of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) accounting for approximately 1.4% of all OHCA. Reported incidents rates of FBAO causing cardiac arrest are unclear, and first aid by layperson are not well described. The aim of the epidemiological part of the study is: - to investigate information on actions taken by EMS-personnel and laypersons - to investigate outcomes of hypoxic Cardiac Arrest due to foreign body airway obstruction in Denmark - to increase overall survival. propose new guidelines and strategies to increase survival from OHCA caused by FBAO. The aim of advanced text-string search algorithm part of the study is - To investigate if an advanced text-string search algorithm can identify FBAO in medical records with high sensitivity Methods: National data will be collected from the verified 2016-2019 Danish OHCA register, and cases with FBAO prior to OHCA will selected via a direct marking by external validation and advanced text search. Patients reported as indisputably deceased (late signs of death) was excluded. Incidence rates per 100.000 citizens, survival rates to hospital and first aid actions by layperson are presented. A pilot study have been conducted in regional data from 2016-2019 and the study group have concluded that, a national study is feasible with the current amount of data and the used methodology. Expected outcome: This study will enable targeted campaigns aimed at increasing survival from OHCA caused by FBAO. Potential campaigns might target the food items provided to potential vulnerable groups and guide focus for first aid recommendations. Further, with a deeper understanding of which airway management procedures most often are successful, it will be possible to improve EMS treatments of vulnerable groups. Finally, a novel method of extracting information from the electronic medical records will be developed creating the foundation for future works on other prehospital conditions
Post-market study to continue to evaluate the effectiveness of the Vivaer® ARC Stylus for nasal airway obstruction
Effect of Self-Directed Versus Traditional Clinical Learning Model on Nurses' Airway Management Competencies and Patients' Airway Related Incidents Introduction Airway crisis situations in ICUs (Intensive Care Units) are common, complex, dynamic and time-sensitive contexts, that pose a significant threat to patient safety, and are a major source of preventable errors. Airway management has the highest priority in patient care, it is the first step in the (ABCDE) approach. The concept of Airway management in nursing perspective includes any nursing procedures and techniques required to keep the airway open and prevent aspiration. Adult learning is a practice in which adults engage in systematic and sustained learning activities in order to gain new forms of knowledge, skills or values. Most adult education is voluntary; therefore, the participants are generally self-motivated. Continuing education (CE) of nurses is increasingly necessary to keep abreast of rapid changes in patient care due to advancements in knowledge and technology and improve their ability to serve the patients safely. Although nursing care has been changed significantly over the past 30 years, methods for clinical training nurses have not. A popular or traditional model for clinical teaching of nurses, including but not limited to; integrating lectures, skills laboratory training and supervised clinical experience. A benefit of this model is the opportunity to assist nurses to integrate the concept learned in class or skill lab in patient care. Also, the instructor can select clinical activities that best meet nurses' needs and are consistent with hospital goals. While, Self-directed learning (SDL) is one of modern approaches of clinical learning, the concept of SDL originates from the Adult Learning Theory, it is a process in which the instructors play a facilitating role while, learners actively participate in identifying their own learning needs, learning goals, allocating resources & decide whether learning method can be used, and engaging in self-reflection & evaluation. The positive outcomes of SDL including but not limited to, greater self-control, self-confidence, autonomy, and lifelong learning skills. In essence the aim of this study will be examining the effect of Self-directed clinical learning model as compared to the traditional models to improve nurses' Airway management competencies and minimize airway related incidents. Research Hypothesis H1: Critically care nurses who will approach self-directed clinical learning model (μ1) will have a higher level of Airway management skills (μ2), (H1: μ1 > μ2). H1: Intensive care units who will approach self-directed clinical learning model to learn their working nurses (μ1) will have a lower frequency of patients' airway-related incidents (μ2), (H1: μ1 < μ2). Subjects and Methods True experimental, prospective, and comparative research design will be utilized in the current study. This study will be conducted at selected two Adult Intensive Care Units, A convenience sample of 60 male and female Critically Care Nurses who are working in the selected Intensive Care Unit, will be recruited to the study. The sample size estimated by (G Power analysis) (independent t tests - One tail, Effect size = 0.65, α = 0.05, Power (1-β) = 0.80, balanced allocation ratio 1:1). The total sample size will be divided into two groups (study and control). All nurses should be corresponded to specific inclusion criteria. Five tools will be formulated to collect data pertinent to the study. Procedure The study will be conducted through three phases; preparation & designation, implementation, and follow up & evaluation phase. The 1st Part will be initiated by allocating the selected ICUs randomly into two paired settings, one for applying traditional learning (control ICU) and the other for self-directed learning experimentation (study ICU). the nurses who are working in selected ICUs and correspond to the inclusion criteria, will be randomly distributed into two equal groups (30 nurses in each group). The nurses who are working in study ICU will be asked to fill out the nurses' readiness assessment sheet to learn independently. The nurses who will demonstrate a high readiness score (>80%) for independent learning will be included. Once implantation is complete, the follow-up and evaluation phase will be initiated by daily monitoring of the occurrence of patients' airway related incidents in both control and study ICUs for a continuous three months. Then, the nurses' knowledge and practices (in the control group) will be evaluated two times, 1st time will be 1 month after the implementation phase, and the second time will be after 3 months from the 1st evaluation (to measure the retention of given education and training). Upon completion of data collection, descriptive and inferential statistics will be utilized to test for differences among the study and control group subjects.
Breathing is a crucial function for everyone. Breathing impairment in children could lead to behavioral and cognitive problems at least. But what if orthodontic treatment could help those patients to breathe better, with less effort? This research proposal aims to find out if the increase in the upper airway volume seen in some research results can be related to a decrease in respiratory effort and an improvement in the breathing capacity of those patients. In other words, if a tube shape is changed or if a tube is enlarged, would the airflow passing inside the tube change in velocity? Or would there be more air? Therefore, investigating the pressure/airflow, volume/lumen relation and its possible changes after mandibular repositioning and maxillary expansion in children will lead to a better understanding of how orthodontics could potentially affect the upper airway. Previous studies have reported a link between mandibular advancement appliances and maxillary appliances to an increase in the upper airway volume. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between the changes in the upper airway volume and actual airflow and respiratory capability. The airway volume measurement is important to, preliminary, state if there is an increase in the upper airway after orthodontic treatment. However a change in shape, even with the same volume, can affect the pressure and airflow. In this sense, the pressure drop analysis will allow an answer to those questions
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major public health issue in both children and adults, present in 1-5% of children and 10-30% of adults. It is characterized by repeated episodes of airway obstruction during sleep, leading to brain arousal, sympathetic activation, oxygen desaturation, sleep fragmentation, and non-restorative sleep. Patients report daytime tiredness, insomnia, and morning headaches. Children with OSA experience daytime somnolence, difficulties at school, behavioral problems, enuresis, and reduced quality of life. If left untreated, OSA can lead to numerous complications including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and insulin resistance. Sleep partners are also affected, with patients viewing their disorder as a burden and sleeping in separate rooms. Further, disease prevalence is increasing as obesity increases. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the current gold standard treatment for OSA. If used effectively and consistently, it can improve patient symptoms. However, adherence is generally poor, with patients experiencing physical discomfort, chest discomfort, and dry mouth. For those patients that cannot tolerate CPAP, surgical intervention is an option. In children, this typically starts with adenotonsillectomy. However, 20-75% of children will have persistent symptoms after adenotonsillectomy. In adults, anatomic factors including tonsil hypertrophy and redundant pharyngeal tissue can contribute to upper airway obstruction and may also necessitate higher pressures for effective CPAP treatment. Even if surgical intervention does not cure the OSA, it may make CPAP more tolerable and improve CPAP adherence. Sleep-related airway obstruction is a complex phenomenon potentially involving multiple anatomic levels. For patients with persistent symptoms despite initial therapy or intolerance to CPAP, further evaluation of the upper airway is clinically valuable. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing OSA, but it does not provide information on the location(s) of upper airway obstruction. Knowledge of the precise sites of obstruction is critical to planning effective sleep surgery. Currently, this is accomplished with drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). DISE was originally proposed in 1991 and involves administering anesthetic to a patient to simulate a sleep state, and then visualizing the upper airway using transnasal flexible endoscopy. Sites of obstruction at key locations including the adenoids, soft palate, lateral oropharynx, tongue base, and epiglottis can be identified. Though DISE offers valuable clinical information, it has notable limitations. First, it cannot evaluate the entire upper airway simultaneously, as any obstruction occurring superiorly precludes visualization of any obstruction occurring more inferiorly. Second, interpretation of DISE is subjective and there is no universally accepted system for analysis. Rating systems are qualitative, using grades such as complete, partial, or no obstruction as opposed to quantitative measurements. The optimal sleep assessment would be quantitative, reliable, and provide information on the entire upper airway simultaneously. A potential alternative to DISE which could meet these criteria is sleep manometry. Measurement of upper airway pressures captures the effects of obstruction along the entire upper airway, from the nasopharynx to larynx. Prior studies have attempted to employ manometry, but have been limited primarily by inadequate equipment and suboptimal methods of data analysis. Woodson et al. used a solid-state manometer with diameter of 2.3 mm and 5 sensors to detect palatal obstruction and tongue base obstruction in patients with OSA. They also used the same approach to detect persistent tongue base obstruction following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. While these studies help demonstrate that manometry can be a useful adjunct to OSA assessment, they are severely limited both by the type of manometer used as well as the lack of a clear, detailed description of the method of data analysis. High-resolution manometry (HRM) uses pressure censors spaced 1 cm apart to allow for pressure measurement along the entire upper airway. The investigators have previously applied HRM to assessment of swallow physiology. Sophisticated methods of automated data analysis have been developed that have been shown to be reliable for both expert and novice users . Further, pattern recognition techniques have been applied to identify dysphagia and specific swallowing abnormalities. Application of this technology and modification of existing data analysis platforms will allow for a quantitative, reliable, and comprehensive assessment of upper airway obstruction during sleep in both children and adults, with potential for development of algorithms to predict effects of targeted surgical therapy at all levels of the upper airway.