View clinical trials related to Airway Obstruction.
Filter by:Lung cancer may cause central airway obstruction through several different mechanisms (invasion by the primary tumor, invasion by metastatic lymph nodes, airway metastasis). The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence at the time of diagnosis, the incidence at 1 year from the diagnosis, and the predictors of central airway obstruction associated with advanced lung cancer.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in-vivo efficacy of a novel device (endOclear) for cleaning the endotracheal tube (ETT) lumen from secretions. The investigators hypothesize that a protocol of routine ETT cleaning with endOclear may increase the ETT luminal volume measured at extubation compared to the current standard of care. The device may therefore be clinically useful by better maintaining the ETT original function.
The purpose of this study is to compare IV acetaminophen to oral acetaminophen for pain control in children undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy.
The investigators hypothesized that sleeping in a 45 degrees elevated body position decreases the likelihood of upper airway vulnerability to collapse early after delivery. Furthermore, the investigators want to elucidate the anatomical and physiological risk factors that contribute in the upper airway obstruction in post-partum patients.
Recently, the investigators demonstrated that nasal route ventilation is superior to the nasal-oral combined ventilation in the absence of jaw thrust and chin up maneuvers. The investigators hypothesize nasal mask ventilation may reduce the incidence of difficult mask ventilation during the induction of general anesthesia by: 1) producing a better seal than full face mask, and 2)establishing a greater airway patency and more effectively ventilate than full face mask ventilation. The investigators intend to test this hypothesis on adult patients during the induction of general anesthesia in the absence of muscle relaxation.
Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a frequently occurring complication during induction of general anesthesia. The American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) closed claim analysis of anesthesia complications indicate that a difficult airway is one of the most challenging scenarios continuously facing anesthesia providers. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia has not been well understood. Posterior displacement of soft palate, tongue and epiglottis are believed to be the primary contributing factors. Obesity is well known to be an essential characteristic which reflects propensity to UAO. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia shares many similarities with the upper airway obstruction observed during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) via nasal mask (NM) can maintain the airway patent with near 100% success in patients with OSA. Obesity is a major risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and obese patients have a higher prevalence of UAO during anesthesia. Therefore, the investigators hypotheses that nCPAP should eliminate airway obstruction in obese patients under anesthesia. The investigators propose to test this hypothesis and determine the efficacy of nCPAP on maintaining airway patency in obese patients who require general anesthesia.
Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is common complication during induction of general anesthesia. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia has not been well understood. Posterior displacement of soft palate are believed to be the primary contributing factors. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia share many similarities with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Since nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) can maintain the airway patent in patients with OSA, the investigators hypothesize that nCPAP during induction of anesthesia will reduce the incidence and severity of UAO.
The aim of this study is to assess the bronchodilator response of salbutamol on respiratory mechanics of healthy individuals, smokers and COPD with varying degrees of airway obstruction.
The aim of the study is, primarily, evaluate the safety of the use of the silicone stent HCPA-1 in patients with clinically significant tracheal and/or bronchial stenosis. Secondarily, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the use of the silicone stent HCPA-1 who are in the same conditions described above and also estimate the costs the use of these silicone stents involve.
Several studies have documented that neuromuscular block often persists in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Residual paralysis is associated with postoperative complications such as hypoxia, weakness, and respiratory failure. The data in the current literature on residual paralysis in the PACU were almost exclusively obtained with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as they were the only reversal agents available prior to the introduction in clinical practice of sugammadex (Bridion®) in the European Union and in some other countries, except for the USA. Reassessment of practice in this regard is relevant, now that sugammadex (Bridion®) has become available in our country since 2009. This study is an observational/non-interventional, non-randomized study involving adult patients undergoing different types of elective surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia with neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs). Administration of NMBDs and reversal agents (as well as all drugs which will be used during anesthesia) will be performed in accordance with routine anesthetic practice. The study population will comprise about 600 surgical patients. Immediately after the patients' arrival in the PACU, a study nurse will record the acceleromyographic responses of their adductor pollicis muscle as percent of the train-of-four (TOF%) on stimulation of the ulnar nerve. A TOF of 90% will be used as cut-off value to exclude residual paralysis. Pulse oximetry (SpO2) will be measured continuously throughout the PACU admission, and SpO2 values will be recorded at 1-min intervals for the first 30 min. PACU nurses caring for the patient will document the occurrence of any of the following events during the first 30 min of PACU admission: the number of episodes of hypoxemia (SpO2<90%), the lowest SpO2 observed by nursing staff, the requirement for either tactile or verbal stimulation to maintain SpO2 greater than 90%, and any clinical evidence of airway obstruction. The primary objective is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative residual curarisation at PACU arrival in patients reversed with sugammadex (Bridion®), neostigmine and in case of spontaneous recovery. The secondary objectives are to evaluate: - Oxygen saturation (SpO2) at PACU arrival - Possible episodes of SpO2 <90% in the PACU - Airway maneuvers and/or stimulation required to maintain SpO2 >90% in the PACU - Need for re-intubation.