Acute Watery Diarrhoea Clinical Trial
Official title:
Efficacy of Short Course Zinc Therapy (5 vs 10 d) With 20 mg Elemental Zinc Daily in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea: A Double-blind Individually Randomized Controlled Community Trial.
Diarrhoea continues to be a major cause of mortality and morbidity in young children
especially in many developing countries. Although the mortality burden of diarrhoea has
substantially reduced, the morbidity pattern remained almost unchanged. Recent randomized
controlled supplementation trials in developing countries have consistently shown that zinc
has the potential to reduce the duration of diarrhoea as well as has preventive effect on
childhood diarhroea in subsequent months. Currently, international health agencies recommend
zinc as an important adjunct therapy to treat diarrhoea in developing countries where zinc
deficiency is highly prevalent and diet is poor in zinc.
The recommendation is to provide 20 mg elemental zinc daily for 10 days during each episode
of diarrhoea.
This study aims at evaluating the relative efficacy of two length of 20 mg zinc therapy (5
vs 10 days) during acute diarrhoea in a rural community in a community-based individually
randomized placebo-controlled trial with 20 mg zinc daily and will be conducted in seven
villages in the ICDDR,B Matlab study area.
The study will require 2050 acute dirrhoeal episodes to be treated who will be randomly
allocated to one of the two treatment schedules (20 mg of zinc daily for 5 or 10 days).
Children who will be allocated to the shorter duration therapy will receive placebo for the
remaining days to complete 10-day treatment. Female Field Workers (FFWs) will conduct
diarrhoea surveillance and administer zinc daily at home. Data will be analyzed using
appropriate statistical procedure.
Findings of this study will be immensely valuable for deciding recommendation for the
duration of zinc therapy in the management of acute diarrhoea in young children and will
have profound programmatic and policy implications for scaling up zinc intervention in the
community.
The proposed study will use a prospective, double-blind, randomized design in which all study children with diarrhoea will receive zinc treatment for the first 5 days and then they will receive either zinc or a placebo for the second 5 days of the 10 day course according to random allocation to evaluate the efficacy of shorter course of zinc treatment (5 days vs 10 days) during diarrhoea in children less than 5 years of age. Children with diarrhoea will be detected through routine daily surveillance by trained Female Field Worker (FFW) in the study area and will be enrolled into the study soon after detection and the informed consent of the parent is obtained. Zinc will be administered daily by FFWs as 20 mg elemental zinc as single dose for 5 or 10 days. Dispersible zinc tablets in blister pack produced by Nutriset® used in the national zinc scaling up project will be used for the study. The placebo will also be dispersible tablets identical and undistinguishable from zinc tablet in terms of appearance, colour, taste and flavour will be obtained from the same manufacturer. The first episode of a child will be treated as part of this study although children will be encouraged to take zinc if s/he develops diarrhoea during the study period. The dose is about double the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for the children which has been chosen considering the poor zinc status of the children to be included and replenishment of possible loss of zinc during diarrhoeal episode and also to be consistent with the current recommendation in the zinc scaling up initiative. Outcome will be assessed daily during routine visit using a precoded questionnaire. Although all the children will receive zinc treatment for one of the two durations, ones who will be randomly assigned to shorter duration (5 day) will receive zinc for the first 5 days and then placebo for the rest of the days to complete 10 days intake. ;
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double-Blind, Primary Purpose: Treatment
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