Fludarabine Phosphate, Cyclophosphamide, Total Body Irradiation, and Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Blood Cancer

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Phase II Trial of Haploidentical Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Utilizing Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cells

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03333486
• Other study ID #: I 40916
• Secondary ID: NCI-2017-01949I
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: December 7, 2017
• Est. completion date: August 28, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: March 2024
• Source: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This phase II trial studies how well fludarabine phosphate, cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation, and donor stem cell transplant work in treating patients with blood cancer. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as fludarabine phosphate and cyclophosphamide, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Giving chemotherapy and total-body irradiation before a donor peripheral blood stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cells in the bone marrow, including normal blood-forming cells (stem cells) and cancer cells. It may also stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The donated stem cells may also replace the patient?s immune cells and help destroy any remaining cancer cells.

Description:

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the rate of relapse, defined as recurrence of underlying disease or progression of underlying disease, at 1 year in patients who receive haploidentical peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) after reduced intensity conditioning and post-transplant cyclophosphamide and tocilizumab (or tocilizumab alternative).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate safety including development of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and death at 100 days post-transplant, as well as other treatment related toxicities including chronic GVHD, engraftment rate, non-relapse mortality, progression free survival (PFS) at one year, and overall survival (OS) at one year, as compared with historical controls.

TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Correlative studies will include chimerism analysis by molecular analysis and evaluation of immune reconstitution by cytomegalovirus (CMV) dextramer analysis using flow cytometry.

OUTLINE:

Patients receive fludarabine phosphate intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on days -6 to -2 and cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on days -6 and -5. Patients undergo total body irradiation (TBI) on days -1 and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) on day 0.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 30 and 100 days.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 31
• Est. completion date: August 28, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: August 28, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 1 Year to 75 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Any disease that is considered transplant eligible per TCT standards

• Disease response noted (i.e. CR, non-CR, or not applicable): Assessed as per disease specific criteria

• Suitable related haploidentical donor identified per transplant service:

• Recipient should not have HLA antibodies to potential donor. If the recipient does have HLA antibodies to the potential donor, an alternative donor is preferred; however, if there are no suitable alternative donors, the anti-HLAt antibodies should be depleted per transplant service guidelines.

• Haploidentical donors that are ABO compatible with the recipient are preferred. Minor ABO incompatibility is preferred to major ABO incompatibility. Major ABO incompatibility between recipient and donor is the least preferred but still acceptable for this study.

• It is preferred that the haploidentical donor must be available to donate on day -1 and day 0, so that fresh product can be processed by the Stem Cell lab and administered to the patient on day 0.While less preferable, cryopreserved product may be utilized with this product.

• Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) > 40% predicted, corrected for hemoglobin and/or alveolar ventilation

• Left ventricular ejection fraction > 40%

• Bilirubin, liver alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) or serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) =< 3 x upper limit of normal

• Calculated creatinine clearance > 40 cc/min by the modified Cockcroft-Gault formula for adults or the Schwartz formula for pediatrics

• Have a Karnofsky (adult) or Lansky (for =< 16 years) performance status >= 60%

• Patient must be able to pass radiation evaluation (i.e.: able to receive 200 cGy)

• Patients who have failed a prior autologous transplant are eligible; however, at least 90 days must have elapsed between the start of this reduced intensity conditioning regimen and the last transplant if patient had a prior autologous BMT

• Participants of child-bearing potential must agree to use adequate contraceptive methods (e.g., hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately

• Participant must understand the investigational nature of this study and sign an independent ethics committee/Institutional Review Board approved written informed consent form prior to receiving any study related procedure

• If patient is planned to use a fully matched donor, patient is excluded from trial; patient must be planned to undergo a haploidentical matched transplant to participate on study. Patient is still eligible for trial regardless of donor options if PI feels that haplo transplant is in the patient's best interest per clinical decision

• Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants who have had chemotherapy (not including molecularly targeted agents; examples include, but are not limited to, tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as FLT3 inhibitors and IDH2 inhibitors), radiation treatment and/or surgery 7 days prior to starting conditioning regimen. Those who have not recovered sufficiently from adverse events due to agents administered more than 2 weeks earlier are also ineligible. Exceptions may be made on a case-by-case basis after discussion with the PI

• Uncontrolled central nervous system (CNS) disease (for hematologic malignancies) Per PI discretion

• Child-Pugh class B and C liver failure

• Concomitant active malignancy that would be expected to require chemotherapy within 3 years of transplant (other than non-melanoma skin cancer) Exception would include any concurrently existing malignancy that could be treated with a transplant per PI discretion (Example: Patient has AML but a history of mastocytosis)

• Patients who have received maximally allowed doses (given in 2 Gy fractionations, or equivalent) of previous radiation therapy to various organs; patients who previously have received a higher than allowed dose of radiation to a small lung, liver and brain volume, will be evaluated by the radiation oncologist to determine if the patient is eligible for study

• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, active serious infection or other condition which, in the opinion of treating physician, would make this protocol unreasonably hazardous for the patient

• Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive

• Pregnant or nursing female participants

• Patients who in the opinion of the treating physician are unlikely to comply with the restrictions of allogeneic stem cell transplantation based on formal psychosocial screening

• Patients with donor specific HLA antibodies with a titer greater than 3000 MFI (whether or not they have undergone a desensitization protocol)

• Patients who have undergone a prior allogeneic hematopoietic or (other organ) transplant

• Treating physician considers the potential HLA haploidentical donor to be ineligible to receive G-CSF, and/or concern on the part of the treating physician for risk of harm to the potential donor with administration of G-CSF, and/or refusal by the potential donor (or donor's guardian) to receive G-CSF

• Any condition which in the investigator's opinion deems the participant an unsuitable candidate to receive study drug

• Received an investigational agent within 14 days prior to enrollment. Exceptions may be made on a case-by-case basis after discussion with PI

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Accelerated Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
• Acute Leukemia in Remission
• Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia With FLT3/ITD Mutation
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Gene Mutations
• Anemia
• Anemia, Aplastic
• Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan
• Anemia, Sickle Cell
• Aplastic Anemia
• B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• CD40 Ligand Deficiency
• Chronic Granulomatous Disease
• Chronic Leukemia in Remission
• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
• Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
• Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
• Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
• Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia
• Congenital Neutropenia
• Congenital Pure Red Cell Aplasia
• Glanzmann Thrombasthenia
• Granulomatous Disease, Chronic
• Hemoglobinuria
• Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal
• Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
• Leukemia
• Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
• Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
• Leukemia, Myeloid
• Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
• Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase
• Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic
• Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile
• Lymphoma
• Lymphoma, B-Cell
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
• Lymphoma, T-Cell
• Multiple Myeloma
• Myelodysplastic Syndrome
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes
• Myelofibrosis
• Myeloproliferative Disorders
• Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Neutropenia
• Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
• Plasma Cell Myeloma
• Polycythemia
• Polycythemia Vera
• Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
• Preleukemia
• Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure
• Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome
• Severe Aplastic Anemia
• Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
• Sickle Cell Disease
• Syndrome
• T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Thalassemia
• Thrombocytopenia
• Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Intervention

Drug:
• Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
• Fludarabine Phosphate
Given IV

Other:
• Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies

Procedure:
• Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Undergo PBSCT

Radiation:
• Total-Body Irradiation
Undergo TBI

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Roswell Park Cancer Institute	Buffalo	New York

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Roswell Park Cancer Institute

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Immune Reconstitution	Will be assessed by bone marrow transplantation SOC immunophenotyping panel and by analysis of cytomegalovirus-specific immunity.	Up to 1 year
Other	Lymphoid Chimerism Expressed as a Percentage of Donor Cells	Mean lymphoid chimerism expressed as a percentage of donor cells	At 30 days
Other	Myeloid Chimerism Expressed as a Percentage of Donor Cells	Mean myeloid chimerism expressed as a percentage of donor cells	At 100 days
Primary	Relapse Rate	The number of participants that relapse within 1 year.	At 1 year
Secondary	Engraftment Rate	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson.	At 1 year post-transplant
Secondary	Proportion of Participants With Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson.	At 100 days post-transplant
Secondary	Proportion of Participants With Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson.	At 1 year post-transplant
Secondary	Overall Survival	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson. Will be obtained using the product-limit based Kaplan-Meier method.	up to 6 years
Secondary	Progression Free Survival	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson. Will be obtained using the product-limit based Kaplan-Meier method.	up to 6 years
Secondary	Transplant Related Mortality	Will be computed with corresponding exact 95% confidence intervals based on the methodology of Clopper and Pearson.	At 1 year post-transplant