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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT06213857
Other study ID # Silymarin in UC
Secondary ID
Status Not yet recruiting
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date February 2024
Est. completion date March 2025

Study information

Verified date January 2024
Source Tanta University
Contact Ahmad A Ahmad Eltayeb, Cl.Ph
Phone +201140399467
Email PG_165473@pharm.tanta.edu.eg
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of silymarin in Ulcerative Colitis adult patients receiving mesalamine. This is trial that will be conducted on 44 adult patients with newly diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis. Patients will be enrolled after obtaining an informed consent from them or their guardians. Patients will be recruited from Rajhy Hospital Outpatient Clinics and Health Insurance Outpatient Clinics at Mabarra Hospital in Assiut, Egypt. The patients will be randomized based on hospital admission days into two groups: - Group Ⅰ (control group): 22 patients will receive mesalamine (4g\day induction & 2g\day maintenance) only for 6 months. - Group Ⅱ (silymarin group): 22 patients will receive mesalamine (4g\day induction & 2g\day maintenance) and silymarin (140 mg\day) for 6 months. The primary outcome will be clinical improvement defined as a 2 point or more decrease in the Mayo score from baseline. The secondary outcomes will be the change in the level of fecal calprotectin, superoxide dismutase and TNF-α.


Description:

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a debilitating progressive chronic inflammatory disorder of the small intestine and colon characterized by alternative phases of clinical relapse and remission. IBD includes two types, Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), CD can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, whereas UC involves only rectum and colon [1]. UC is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease characterized by relapsing and remitting mucosal inflammation involving the colon and the rectum. The peak age of disease onset is between ages 30 years and 40 years [2]. Although the exact etiology of UC remains uncertain, a combination of patient's immune response, genetics, microbiome, and environment plays an important role in the development of the inflammation [3]. The incidence of UC is similarly in men and women, but varies with ethnicity [4]. UC has the highest incidence in the USA, UK and Sweden. In Egypt, the prevalence is low, but the newly diagnosed cases are increasing rapidly [5]. The most common signs and symptoms of UC include bloody stool, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, abdominal pain, fever, weight loss with enhanced risk of colorectal cancer and several extra intestinal manifestations (e.g., arthritis, uveitis, and skin disease) [6]. Symptoms are often non-specific, and patients frequently suffer from long-lasting subclinical disease activity that is difficult to monitor and treat [7]. A chronic uncontrolled immune response is the net result of excessive immune activity of effector lymphocytes with increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while regulatory immune cells and mediators fail to maintain tissue homeostasis [8]. Chronically active inflammation is directly coupled to the generation and release by immune cells of reactive oxygen species (ROS), serving as important signaling molecules that contribute to their immunological functions [9]. The continuous release of ROS in the local microenvironment of actively inflamed mucosal lesions causes extensive cellular and molecular damage, leading to intestinal inflammation and increased tissue destruction [10]. Oxidative stress which is an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant activity as the result of either ROS overproduction or a decreased antioxidant activity, has been proposed as one of the major mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of UC [11]. Once the free radicals are formed, this reactive species begins to interact with the molecular complexes causing cellular oxidative damage. Under physiological conditions, their generation is controlled by the antioxidant system, which consists of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) [12]. Increased ROS have destructive effects which can affect lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that causes lipid peroxidation, enzymatic dysfunction, and DNA strand break products [13]. These destructive effects can be removed by antioxidant balance, which acts like free radical scavengers or cellular oxidation inhibitors. The main cellular antioxidant enzymes involved in the inhibition are catalase, SOD, and GPX [14]. Activated neutrophils and macrophages are responsible for ROS generation, and their levels can be correlated with the severity of inflammation [15]. It has been shown that IL 1 and TNFα cytokines can be inhibited by antioxidants administered to UC patients [16]. The American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) recommends performing a complete blood count (CBC), and measuring inflammatory markers such as c-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). It also recommends measuring Liver transaminases (aspartate and alanine aminotransferase) [17]. Measurement of fecal calprotectin is useful for screening intestinal inflammation associated with disease activity [18]. Silymarin (milk thistle), an extract obtained from Silybum marianum seeds, is one of these natural sources containing a complex of flavonolignans with a potent intracellular antioxidant property. The first usage of Milk thistle was for its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities, but in the recent years its benefit has been reported in control of immune based murine colitis by healing of bowel histology and reduction of bowel inflammatory cytokines especially TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) [19]. Silymarin has numerous health benefits and exerts its effects via various molecular mechanisms. Silymarin has anti-viral, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effects as well as antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals and increasing the glutathione concentrations, anti-arthritis, antidiabetic, protective and wound healing effects [20].


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Not yet recruiting
Enrollment 44
Est. completion date March 2025
Est. primary completion date February 2025
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 65 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adults of both sexes aged from 18 years to 65 years. 2. Adults with normal kidney and liver functions. 3. Patients who sign the consent and willing to participate in the study. 4. Patients newly diagnosed UC according to American College of Gastroenterology Clinical Guidelines for diagnosis Ulcerative Colitis having clinical signs and symptoms with a completed medical workup, colonoscopy, pathological and laboratory data confirming UC Exclusion Criteria: 1. Previous hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reaction to silymarin. 2. Significant renal and hepatic impairment. 3. Patients who refuse to participate. 4. Pregnant women, breastfeeding women and smokers. 5. Patients taking corticosteroids or biological therapy. 6. Patients taking any other antioxidants. 7. Patients having other concomitant diseases where oxidative stress is involved in the etiology such as chronic liver disease, pulmonary infection.

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Dietary Supplement:
Silymarin
Silymarin (milk thistle), an extract obtained from Silybum marianum seeds containing a complex of flavonolignans with a potent intracellular antioxidant property. The first usage of Milk thistle was for its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities, but in the recent years it has been used to control of immune based murine colitis by healing of bowel histology and reduction of bowel inflammatory cytokines especially TNF-a, interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), and nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B). Silymarin has anti-viral, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effects as well as antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals and increasing the glutathione concentrations, protective and wound healing effects. It increases the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and the number of the most important protection mechanisms against free-radicals damage containing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase.

Locations

Country Name City State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Tanta University

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary 2 points or more decrease in the Mayo score from baseline The Mayo score is one of the most commonly used disease activity indices in controlled trials in UC. In its complete form, it is composed of four parts: rectal bleeding, stool frequency, physician assessment, and endoscopy appearance. Each part is rated from 0 to 3, giving a total score of 0 to 12. A score of 3 to 5 points indicates mildly active disease, a score of 6 to 10 points indicates moderately active disease, and a score of 11 to 12 points indicates severely active disease. baseline, 6 months
Secondary The change in the level of fecal calprotectin baseline, 6 months
Secondary The change in the level of superoxide dismutase baseline, 6 months
Secondary The change in the level of TNF-a. baseline, 6 months
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