Syphilis Response to Higher Penicillin Dosage: The 2.4 Versus 7.2 Study

Syphilis Clinical Trial

Official title: Syphilis Response to Higher Penicillin Dosage in HIV Co-Infected Patients

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

Syphilis remains a significant health problem worldwide, with an estimated 10.6 million new cases per year. Due to shared transmission route and risk factors, co-infection with syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is not uncommon. Several studies have evaluated the response to syphilis treatment in HIV-infected patients. They support the claim that patients with HIV have a slower decrease in syphilis antibody titers, and that they may progress to neurosyphilis in earlier stages.

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Sexually Transmitted Disease Treatment Guidelines has advocated treating HIV-infected patients who have primary, secondary syphilis or early latent syphilis with the same doses of penicillin as for HIV-uninfected patients (single dose of 2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin G). The investigators designed a randomized controlled trial in order to compare the efficacy of three- versus single-dosed regimens of intramuscular benzathine penicillin G (BPG) for the treatment of early syphilis in HIV-infected patients.

Clinical Trial Description

The investigators conducted a prospective, randomized, open label study at three clinical sites including Thomas Street Health Center and North West Clinic (Harris Health System), and the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Houston, Texas. After obtaining written informed consent, the investigators randomly assigned patients to either a single intramuscular injection of 2.4 million units of BPG (standard therapy) or three doses (enhanced therapy) of intramuscular BPG administered weekly (a total of 7.2 million units).

Patients were eligible for inclusion in the study if they were 18 years of age or older and had a diagnosis of HIV. The diagnosis of syphilis was made based on a positive Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and treponema pallidum particle agglutination tests. Patients with primary, secondary and early latent syphilis were included.

Exclusion criteria were history of penicillin allergy, diagnosis of late latent syphilis, neurosyphilis, and antibiotic use with significant activity against Treponema pallidum within the preceeding two weeks.

Follow-up period was 12 months. Serum samples were obtained at initial visit and follow-up visits every 3 months for serological testing for syphilis. Treatment success was defined as a decrease in RPR titer of >= 2 dilutions (4-fold) from the initial RPR titer during the follow-up period.

Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were performed ;

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Syphilis

• NCT number: NCT02611765
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: Baylor College of Medicine
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: September 2008
• Completion date: April 2012