Intraoperative Hypocapnia in PROVHILO and PROBESE

Surgery Clinical Trial

— iHypoPRO  

Official title:

Associations of Intraoperative Hypocapnia With Patient Demographics, Ventilation Characteristics and Outcomes--Statistical Analysis Plan for an Individual Patient Data Analysis of PROVHILO and PROBESE

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05550181
• Other study ID #: AUMC
• Status: Completed
• Start date: November 29, 2022
• Est. completion date: March 31, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: NMC Specialty Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

To gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of intraoperative hypocapnia, in particular the associations of intraoperative hypocapnia with patient demographics, ventilator characteristics, and perioperative complications we will perform an individual patient-level meta-analysis of two recent randomized clinical trials of intraoperative ventilation, the 'PROtective Ventilation using High versus LOw PEEP trial' (PROVHILO), and the 'Protective intraoperative ventilation with higher versus lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure in obese patients trial' (PROBESE).

Description:

Lung-protective intraoperative ventilation (LPV) has the potential to improve the outcome of surgery patients through a reduction in postoperative pulmonary complications. Use of intraoperative ventilation strategies that use a low tidal volume could result in intraoperative hypercapnia. However, hypocapnia remains surprisingly common during intraoperative ventilation, possibly meaning that anesthesiologists continue to use high, if not too high respiratory rates or tidal volumes. Previous studies suggested associations between intraoperative derangement of end-tidal carbon dioxide (etCO2) and postoperative outcomes. Indeed, two studies in highly selected patient groups showed associations of intraoperative hypocapnia with prolonged length of hospital stay, in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy, and in patients undergoing hysterectomy. To gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of intraoperative hypocapnia, in particular the associations of intraoperative hypocapnia with patient demographics, ventilator characteristics, and perioperative complications we will perform an individual patient-level meta-analysis of two recent randomized clinical trials of intraoperative ventilation; PROVHILO and PROBESE.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 2793
• Est. completion date: March 31, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: January 10, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Planned for major (abdominal) surgery.
• At risk for postoperative pulmonary complications.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Planned thoracic surgery or neurosurgery.
• Unscheduled surgery (i.e., urgent, or emergent surgeries) were excluded because these patients may have had metabolic abnormalities at the moment of surgery, i.e., metabolic acidosis, for which the anesthesiologist may have adjusted the intraoperative ventilator settings. This may have led to a 'compensatory' low etCO2.
• Patients with etCO2 recordings are missing from the study databases.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hypocapnia
• Intraoperative Complications
• Mechanical Ventilation Complication
• Postoperative Complications
• Pulmonary Complication
• Surgery

Intervention

Behavioral:
• intraoperative mechanical ventilation with hypocapnia (etCO2 < 35 mm Hg)
A patient is considered 'hypocapnic' if the etCO2 was < 35 mm Hg at any point during surgery, from start of the study till end of the study and classified as 'without hypocapnia' otherwise. In case of a missing value immediately before extubation, we will use the values as reported in the last hour of surgery.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Brazil	Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein	São Paulo
Germany	University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden	Dresden
Italy	IRCCS San Martino Policlinico Hospital	Genoa
Spain	Hospital Clinic de Barcelona	Barcelona

Sponsors (5)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
NMC Specialty Hospital	Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

Brazil,  Germany,  Italy,  Spain, 

References & Publications (13)

Akkermans A, van Waes JAR, Thompson A, Shanks A, Peelen LM, Aziz MF, Biggs DA, Paganelli WC, Wanderer JP, Helsten DL, Kheterpal S, van Klei WA, Saager L. An observational study of end-tidal carbon dioxide trends in general anesthesia. Can J Anaesth. 2019 Feb;66(2):149-160. doi: 10.1007/s12630-018-1249-1. Epub 2018 Nov 14. — View Citation

Amato MB, Meade MO, Slutsky AS, Brochard L, Costa EL, Schoenfeld DA, Stewart TE, Briel M, Talmor D, Mercat A, Richard JC, Carvalho CR, Brower RG. Driving pressure and survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 19;372(8):747-55. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa1410639. — View Citation

Deng QW, Tan WC, Zhao BC, Wen SH, Shen JT, Xu M. Intraoperative ventilation strategies to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Anaesth. 2020 Mar;124(3):324-335. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.10.024. Epub 2020 Jan 30. — View Citation

Dong L, Takeda C, Yamazaki H, Kamitani T, Kimachi M, Hamada M, Fukuhara S, Mizota T, Yamamoto Y. Intraoperative end-tidal carbon dioxide and postoperative mortality in major abdominal surgery: a historical cohort study. Can J Anaesth. 2021 Nov;68(11):1601-1610. doi: 10.1007/s12630-021-02086-z. Epub 2021 Aug 6. — View Citation

Dony P, Dramaix M, Boogaerts JG. Hypocapnia measured by end-tidal carbon dioxide tension during anesthesia is associated with increased 30-day mortality rate. J Clin Anesth. 2017 Feb;36:123-126. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.10.028. Epub 2016 Dec 2. — View Citation

Gattinoni L, Tonetti T, Cressoni M, Cadringher P, Herrmann P, Moerer O, Protti A, Gotti M, Chiurazzi C, Carlesso E, Chiumello D, Quintel M. Ventilator-related causes of lung injury: the mechanical power. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Oct;42(10):1567-1575. doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4505-2. Epub 2016 Sep 12. — View Citation

Neto AS, Hemmes SN, Barbas CS, Beiderlinden M, Fernandez-Bustamante A, Futier E, Gajic O, El-Tahan MR, Ghamdi AA, Gunay E, Jaber S, Kokulu S, Kozian A, Licker M, Lin WQ, Maslow AD, Memtsoudis SG, Reis Miranda D, Moine P, Ng T, Paparella D, Ranieri VM, Scavonetto F, Schilling T, Selmo G, Severgnini P, Sprung J, Sundar S, Talmor D, Treschan T, Unzueta C, Weingarten TN, Wolthuis EK, Wrigge H, Amato MB, Costa EL, de Abreu MG, Pelosi P, Schultz MJ; PROVE Network Investigators. Association between driving pressure and development of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for general anaesthesia: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Apr;4(4):272-80. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)00057-6. Epub 2016 Mar 4. Erratum In: Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Jun;4(6):e34. — View Citation

Park JH, Lee HM, Kang CM, Kim KS, Jang CH, Hwang HK, Lee JR. Correlation of Intraoperative End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Postoperative Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Pylorus-Preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy. World J Surg. 2021 Jun;45(6):1860-1867. doi: 10.1007/s00268-021-05984-x. Epub 2021 Feb 16. — View Citation

PROVE Network Investigators for the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of Anaesthesiology; Hemmes SN, Gama de Abreu M, Pelosi P, Schultz MJ. High versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during general anaesthesia for open abdominal surgery (PROVHILO trial): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2014 Aug 9;384(9942):495-503. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60416-5. Epub 2014 Jun 2. — View Citation

Serpa Neto A, Hemmes SN, Barbas CS, Beiderlinden M, Biehl M, Binnekade JM, Canet J, Fernandez-Bustamante A, Futier E, Gajic O, Hedenstierna G, Hollmann MW, Jaber S, Kozian A, Licker M, Lin WQ, Maslow AD, Memtsoudis SG, Reis Miranda D, Moine P, Ng T, Paparella D, Putensen C, Ranieri M, Scavonetto F, Schilling T, Schmid W, Selmo G, Severgnini P, Sprung J, Sundar S, Talmor D, Treschan T, Unzueta C, Weingarten TN, Wolthuis EK, Wrigge H, Gama de Abreu M, Pelosi P, Schultz MJ; PROVE Network Investigators. Protective versus Conventional Ventilation for Surgery: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. 2015 Jul;123(1):66-78. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000706. — View Citation

van Meenen DMP, Serpa Neto A, Paulus F, Merkies C, Schouten LR, Bos LD, Horn J, Juffermans NP, Cremer OL, van der Poll T, Schultz MJ; MARS Consortium. The predictive validity for mortality of the driving pressure and the mechanical power of ventilation. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2020 Dec 18;8(Suppl 1):60. doi: 10.1186/s40635-020-00346-8. — View Citation

Wax DB, Lin HM, Hossain S, Porter SB. Intraoperative carbon dioxide management and outcomes. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010 Sep;27(9):819-23. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e32833cca07. — View Citation

Writing Committee for the PROBESE Collaborative Group of the PROtective VEntilation Network (PROVEnet) for the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of Anaesthesiology; Bluth T, Serpa Neto A, Schultz MJ, Pelosi P, Gama de Abreu M; PROBESE Collaborative Group; Bluth T, Bobek I, Canet JC, Cinnella G, de Baerdemaeker L, Gama de Abreu M, Gregoretti C, Hedenstierna G, Hemmes SNT, Hiesmayr M, Hollmann MW, Jaber S, Laffey J, Licker MJ, Markstaller K, Matot I, Mills GH, Mulier JP, Pelosi P, Putensen C, Rossaint R, Schmitt J, Schultz MJ, Senturk M, Serpa Neto A, Severgnini P, Sprung J, Vidal Melo MF, Wrigge H. Effect of Intraoperative High Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) With Recruitment Maneuvers vs Low PEEP on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Obese Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Jun 18;321(23):2292-2305. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.7505. Erratum In: JAMA. 2019 Nov 12;322(18):1829-1830. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications	Composite of predefined and collected postoperative pulmonary complications. Postoperative pulmonary complications included mild, moderate, and severe respiratory failure; acute respiratory distress syndrome; bronchospasm; new pulmonary infiltrate; pulmonary infection; aspiration pneumonitis; pleural effusions; atelectasis; cardiopulmonary edema; and pneumothorax.	Until day seven or hospital discharge, whichever comes first
Secondary	Incidence of intraoperative complications	Defined as intraoperative hypotension, arrhythmias; or need for rescue for desaturations; or need for vasoactive drugs.	Intraoperatively
Secondary	Incidence of intensive care unit admission	Incidence of intensive care unit admission during hospital stay	Until hospital discharge, death or 100 days, whichever comes first
Secondary	Incidence of extrapulmonary pulmonary complications		Until day seven or hospital discharge, whichever comes first
Secondary	Incidence of 7-day mortality	Until day seven or hospital discharge, whichever comes first	Mortality during the first seven days of hospitalization
Secondary	Incidence of in-hospital mortality		From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 days
Secondary	Incidence of major postoperative complications	Collapsed composite of complications developing within the first seven postoperative combining severe postoperative pulmonary complications, sepsis, septic shock and/or acute kidney injury	Until day seven or hospital discharge, whichever comes first