View clinical trials related to Substance Use.
Filter by:Adolescent substance use, sexual assault, and sexual risk behaviors pose a great public health concern, and subsequently there is also a great need to prevent these behaviors and experiences. This project involves the adaptation and integration of evidence-based prevention content aimed at preventing and reducing substance use, sexual assault, and sexual risk behaviors. This project uses innovative technology within primary care visits to conduct a feasibility trial of an integrated prevention program.
This study will conduct an effectiveness trial of the 4-session evidence-based YMHP intervention for young men who have sex with men (YMSM) of color ages 15-29 at two CBOs in New York City, compared to usual care.
In recent years adolescent substance abuse is a serious and growing problem. Substance use among adolescents means the use of alcohol, opiates, amphetamines, inhalants, cocaine, marijuana, benzodiazepines, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reports that approximately 5% of the world's population used an illicit drug in 2010 and it is estimated that heroin, cocaine and other drugs are responsible for 0.1 to 0.2 million deaths per year. There is a limited number of studies in the literature that investigate the relationship between substance use disorder and respiratory functions. In Taylor et al., study reported that the proportion of cannabis-dependent study members with an FEV1/FVC ratio of, 80% was 36% compared to 20% for non-smokers. Another research of Taylor et al., in longitudinal observations over 8 years in young adults (cannabis smoking on lung function in young adults between the ages of 18 and 26) revealed a dose-dependent relationship between cumulative cannabis consumption and decline in FEV1/VC. In a monograph, stated that follow-up studies of regular cannabis-only smokers also found impaired respiratory function and pathological changes in lung tissue like those preceding the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . The core anatomically described as a box, with the abdominals at the front, spinal and gluteal muscles at the back, the diaphragm on the top, and the pelvic floor and hip muscles on the bottom. Correct breathing is vital to abdominal training because respiratory muscles are directly involved during common core stability exercises. Moreover, the diaphragm, a component of core stability, plays a role in respiration and trunk stability by controlling intra-abdominal pressure . Oh et al.reported that, 30-min, 3 days a week for 8 weeks lumbar stabilization exercise had a more positive effect on pulmonary function than general physical therapy on stroke patients. Our hypothesis was that core exercises may positive effect on respiratory functions and functional capacity of substance use disorder individuals. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of core exercises on respiratory functions and functional capacity in adolescents with substance use disorder.
The goal of this research program is to implement and evaluate complementary interventions designed to address underage alcohol, marijuana, tobacco and other drug use and abuse among Native American youth residing in and around nine contiguous Indian reservations in rural portions of a Southern California county. Component 1. Motivational Interviewing (MI) Evaluations (Identified PHI). Approximately 150 participants between 13 and 20 years of age will participate in the Motivational Interviewing (MI) intervention and one follow-up assessment over an 18 month period. Questionnaires of youth substance use and access patterns will be by phone or self-administered using paper, iPad, and web-based surveys. Formal informed consent from participants 18 and older and assent and parental/legal guardian consent will be obtained from those participants under 18. Component 2. Psychoeducation (PE) Evaluations (Identified PHI). Approximately 150 participants between 13 and 20 years of age will participate in the Psychoeducation (PE) intervention and one follow-up assessment over an 18 month period. Questionnaires of youth substance use and access patterns will be by phone or self-administered using paper, iPad, and web-based surveys. Formal informed consent from participants 18 and older and assent and parental/legal guardian consent will be obtained from those participants under 18.
The purpose of this research is to improve the ability of primary medical staffs in screening and intervention for alcohol, benzodiazepines, and other illicit drug use.
Young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV. Despite this burden, most HIV prevention interventions target adult MSM (most of whom identify as gay) and heterosexual youth, creating an urgent need for interventions for gay and bisexual adolescents. Further, self-identified bisexual men, especially adolescents, have been neglected in research. Therefore, little is known about factors that drive engagement in risk behavior among self-identified bisexual adolescent men. The goals of this study are to: (1) examine factors that drive engagement in HIV risk behavior and substance use among self-identified bisexual adolescent men; and (2) develop and pilot test a tailored HIV and substance use prevention intervention for this population.
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) drops sharply after prison release. Effective medication adherence training immediately before and after prison release may improve health outcomes and limit transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). ATHENA (Adherence Through Home Education and Nursing Assessment) is an evidence-based medication adherence intervention, which is delivered in the patient's home by nurses and peer educators working in teams. In this study, researchers will examine the acceptability and feasibility of the ATHENA intervention through a 2-arm randomized controlled trial conducted with HIV-infected prisoners in Indonesia. Eligible subjects will be >18 years of age, HIV-infected, and may be treatment-experienced or treatment-naive. Subjects randomized to the intervention arm will participate in monthly medication adherence counseling sessions within prison and home visits up to four months after prison release. Subjects randomized to the control arm will receive standard care, which includes a referral for HIV care after prison release. The primary endpoint is the proportion of subjects demonstrating ART adherence >90% at 3 months after prison release. Secondary endpoints are: 1) retention in HIV care, 2) ART initiation, 3) HIV- RNA viral load, 4) CD4+ T-cell count, 5) quality of life, 6) hospitalization, 6) substance use and sexual risk behaviors at 3 months after prison release.
This research study proposes to embed HIV testing outreach workers from a young adult focused medical and HIV treatment program into an alternative sentencing program to deliver a new service delivery model (Link2CARE) that integrates evidence-based protocols for justice-involved young adults to: a) promote HIV and STI testing, and HIV and SU risk screening, b) provide onsite intervention, and c) cross-system linkage to HIV, STI, and SU care. Phase 1 has already been completed. In phase 1, the intervention components were adapted for use among justice involved young adults and the resulting protocols were piloted with justice involved young adults, finalizing the resulting 4-session Link2CARE intervention. In phase 2, we will test Link2CARE among N=450 justice-involved young adults enrolled at the alternative sentencing program and conduct process evaluations with N=15 alternative sentencing program staff.
This is a randomized clinical trial to study ways of helping justice-involved people change to more healthy behavior.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of engagement strategies for increasing daily data collection adherence among substance-using youth between the ages of 14 and 24. The primary hypotheses of this study are that: (1) receiving a reinforcer after completing daily data collection activities will predict next-day completion of targeted data collection activities; and (2) receiving a notification prior to 6pm (when data collection activities open) will predict same-day completion of data collection activities.