View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:The Norwegian Social and Welfare Act of 1992, opened for compulsory commitment of patients with serious alcohol and drug problems to inpatient care. Clinical research of compulsory committed dual diagnosed patients is to date unavailable and is demanded by the health authorities of Norway. Because there has been limited examination/screening and no post-treatment research efforts on this group of patients, the investigators have limited knowledge of the treatment as well as the patient group. Do compulsory treated patients differ from those voluntarily admitted? Does this type of treatment influence the patients' motivation to change their behaviour, and does the treatment effort lead to positive outcome effects in the long run? The primary aim is to acquire new and in depth descriptive knowledge about the compulsory treated group of patients according to: Drug dependence, psychiatric and somatic co-morbidity and socio-demographic characteristics, and investigate whether the treatment yields the intended outcomes in terms of improved substance abuse measures. A second aim is to compare the group with a corresponding group of voluntarily admitted patients within the same wards. A follow-up interview focusing on motivational issues within 6 months post treatment to evaluate the long-term results of the treatment is planned. A quasi-experimental, prospective case-control study will be conducted. Compulsory committed patients in five counties during a two year period, will be compared to a group of voluntarily admitted patients. The groups will be compared regarding 1) description and screening 2) motivation to change and 3) outcome results after 6 months. Both official authorities as well as clinical practitioners would benefit from valid Norwegian results and knowledge within this field to form further policies and evidence based best practice for this vulnerable group of patients.
A pilot study to evaluate the ability of photobiomodulation to alter cerebral blood flow in the frontal poles and to affect the emotional status of patients with major depression.
This study aims to determine if varenicline (Chantix®), currently used as a smoking cessation aid, will decrease the likelihood of relapse to smoking following a programmed lapse in the laboratory. The hypothesis is that varenicline will reduce the reinforcing effects of smoking and will delay or prevent relapse compared to placebo.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common co-occurring psychiatric disorders (30-50%) in adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD). Yet, little is known about the safety and efficacy of medications for ADHD in adolescents with SUD, since such youths have been excluded from most medication trials. Clinicians are therefore understandably reluctant to treat ADHD in substance abusing adolescents, often first referring such youths to substance treatment. Untreated ADHD is associated with poorer substance treatment outcomes. We address this research gap by proposing a randomized controlled trial of bupropion vs placebo in 130 adolescents (13-19 years) with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV) ADHD, nicotine dependence and cannabis use disorder (not excluding other SUD). Participants in both bupropion and placebo treatment groups will receive weekly individual manualized-standardized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targeting SUD (at no cost to them) throughout the 16 weeks of the medication trial. Bupropion also is effective in treating nicotine dependence in adults; the majority of adolescents with marijuana and other drug abuse also smoke tobacco. More recent research in adults indicates that bupropion may reduce craving and use of other substances of abuse (e.g. methamphetamine, cocaine). It's possible impact on cannabis use disorder (the addiction for which most teens are referred to treatment) has not yet been evaluated. However since all drugs of abuse have a final common pathway leading to addiction via action in the so called brain reward system (ventral tegmental area (VTA), accumbens) -an important secondary aim is to evaluate bupropion's potential impact on craving and use of marijuana (MJ) in addition to its known similar action on nicotine.
The purpose of the project is to improve adolescent behavioral counseling services in healthcare settings with a new Internet/Intranet-based Motivational Enhancement Therapy (iMET) intervention that targets the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.
MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, "Ecstasy") produces tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia, and other acute adverse effects. Ecstasy use has also been associated with rare cardio- and cerebrovascular complications. The role of beta-blockers in the treatment of cardiovascular and adverse effects of MDMA is unknown.
This study will investigate the possible effects of alcohol in combination with GSK598809 on the central nervous system in 20 healthy male and female volunteers, between 18 and 65 years of age. During 4 separate study periods subjects will receive the following treatment combinations: Alcohol + GSK598809, alcohol + placebo drug, placebo infusion + GSK598809, and placebo infusion + placebo drug. A placebo is a pill or liquid infusion which contains no drug or alcohol; it is a dummy version. Therefore it is administered in the same way that either the study drug or ethanol is depending on which placebo it is. All study drugs are administered in a random order and both the doctor and the participant are not aware of the treatment combination. However treatment combinations will be available at the end of the study or in case of an emergency. GSK598809 is administered orally and alcohol is administered per infusion. The duration of the infusion is 5 hours, during which approximately 75 grams of alcohol is infused, which is comparable to less than one bottle of wine.
MDMA releases dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine in the brain. Serotonin uptake inhibitors have been shown to interact with 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and to decrease its psychoactive and cardiovascular stimulant effects. This finding indicates that MDMA acts in part by releasing serotonin through the serotonin uptake site. However, in vitro studies show that MDMA binds more potently to the norepinephrine uptake site that to the the serotonin or dopamine uptake transporter. In addition, norepinephrine uptake site blockers such antidepressant drugs attenuate some of the behavioral effects of MDMA in animals. These preclinical data indicate that norepinephrine may also contribute to the response to MDMA in humans. To test this hypothesis this study evaluates the interacting effects of the selective norepinephrine transporter inhibitor reboxetine on the subjective and cardiovascular stimulant effects of MDMA in healthy volunteers.
This study will examine the effectiveness of a brief intervention in a primary care setting to reduce drug use or abuse compared to enhanced care as usual.
This study explores whether giving families a choice of family-based prevention programs to prevent adolescent alcohol use will make a difference in program recruitment, retention, completion, as well as adolescent outcomes. Half of the families are assigned to a traditional random control trial condition and half are assigned to a choice condition. Further, this effectiveness study is being implemented by Kaiser Permanente Health Care system, and explores the issues of implementing such programs within such settings.